Libraries all over the world struggle against the threat of decreased funding and a lack of governmental interest. In countries with an under-developed library sector the interest from the government is often minimal or non-existent. Since the 80´s Sida, the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency has contributed to the library development in Central America through the Royal Library of Sweden. Nicaragua was the first country to be counterpart in the project. For a period of eight weeks I have completed a field study in Nicaragua and visited the National Library Rubén Darío and public libraries in the country.

This thesis focuses on RM and customer relationships and tries to answer two research questions: how firms can retain customers and how to generate profitable customer relationships by using relationship marketing. We conducted case studies on JOB media, a company in Luleå, and Polardörren, a company in Öjebyn, Piteå. Our research has revealed that in many ways our case study companies conform in major ways to the theory in this particular area. However there are differences between how these two firms go about in regard to customer retention and establishing profitable customer relationship. We have discovered that JOB media, which is a service company is more inclined to maintaining close and long-term relationships with its customers.

My purpose is to describe and analyse how care managers experience their position as middle managers in the public sector. I have used a qualitative interview method to answer this question and also to capture my six interview persons opinion and understanding of their own position as middle managers. From my six interviews I noticed some difference in their opinions about how it is being a care manger. The results show that the role as care managers have challenges such as to intertwine their own notion how the caring of the elder should be with strict politic decisions. Other challenges are the limitation of economic recourses and reorganisations.

Den här uppsatsen syftar till att problematisera framställningar av maktordningarna;kön, sexualitet och ?ras? i NRK:s populärvetenskapliga dokumentärserie;?Hjernevask? från 2010, samt hur dessa kan förstås ur ett maktperspektiv med fokuspå poststrukturalistiska och postkoloniala teorier. Uppsatsen behandlar även vilkahegemoniska positioner som går att finna i serien. Analysen bygger på endiskursanalys av materialet som utgörs av alla sju avsnitten i programserien.Resultatet visar att programseriens betoning av de biologiska förklaringsmodellernakring kön, sexualitet och ?ras? skapar en diskurs som riskerar att upprätthålla enheteronormativ rasism som får figurera i norsk public service, samt reproducerarhegemoniska positioner som verkar uteslutande och normerande.

Due to excess precipitation that cause runoff, all soils in Sweden naturally leaches nitrogen.High leaching from arable land is an environmental problem when the runoff reacheswaters. In the international agreement, Baltic Sea Action Plan, the aim is to reduce therunoff of nutrients. Sweden has agreed to reduce its load of e.g. nitrogen to the Baltic Sea.One of the proposed measures is an increased use of site-specific N-fertilization, which hasbeen shown to increase nitrogen use efficiency and therefore also reduce the nitrogen runoff.Either yields are increased with the same total amount of nitrogen, or the total quantityof nitrogen is reduced with preserved yield levels, which is profitable for the farmers.The dynamics of nitrogen leaching differs between top dressing applications above orbelow the economical optimum. There is a consensus about a difference in the dynamics,but not about its magnitude.

This report is an assessment of the feasibility of using aerial photographs to estimate number of stems per hectare in young forest stands, used together with upper height to determine the need for pre-commercial thinning or ordinary thinning cutting. Aerial photo-interpretation was conducted in 2007 on assignment of Stora Enso Skog AB. A mean height function based on stand age produced with data from Bergvik Skog AB?s 2006 forest inventory assessment was used as a proxy for upper height and used together with photo-interpreted number of stems per hectare to determine the need for thinning cutting according to Bergvik Skog AB?s definitions. The test area is located north of Falun on Bergvik Skog AB?s land.Flight altitude was approximately 900 m above ground and the aerial photos were taken by L&L Flygbildteknik AB.

This study aims to contribute to the existing research field of Swedish arms export by examining the motives behind how the Swedish government and ISP have warranted arms export to countries in or on the brink of armed conflict after the change in law in 2018. The current Swedish legislation from 2018 with its basis in international legislation does not allow arms export to countries in or on the brink of armed conflict, but it still occurs due to a law that allows for exceptions if the arms export aligns with Sweden's interest in security policy. Earlier research has been conducted in the field and stated that Sweden?s progressive brand makes it possible for Sweden to export arms and still come across as a peaceful country, and that the Swedish government is involved in the arms trade which is essentially a private market. The analysis uses the theory of militarization to establish possible motives and a theoretical framework.

The quality of meals is included in the constant improvement of each preschool. The study is carried out on behalf of the City of Malmö and Environmental Management and focuses on this quality work. By compiling a checklist of meal quality and by identifying what the meal quality means for persons working with the meal (managers, cooks, educators and parents), it is our wish that this will be a help in their quality work. To inspire the composition various organizations working methods and ways to manage, evaluate and make use of different models and tools to improve the dining quality, has been studied. In the literature, the work has received confirmation of theories that emerged during the analysis work of what a meal is and how quality can be measured. The results show that food quality is described as a complex concept consisting of different parts, where the food, atmosphere, service, together form the meal quality. The semi-structured interviews and the inquiry form, have given an indication of the preschool work with quality in the meal activities and it shows that on a wide range and large differences.

Bakgrund: Hörselskador är ofta förkommande hos personer med utvecklingsstörning, autism och inom autismliknande tillstånd, både medfödda och åldersrelaterade hörselskador. Ofta förblir de oupptäckta då dessa personer kan ha flera funktionsnedsättningar eller svårigheter att uttrycka sig. Dessa personer kan bo på en bostad med särskild service, och personal på dessa boenden behöver ha kunskap i hörselrelaterade ämnen för att de boendes behov ska tillgodoses. Syfte: Att belysa praktisk och teoretisk kunskap i ämnen som hörsel, hörselnedsättning, vissa hörhjälpmedel och kommunikation hos personal som arbetar på bostad med särskild service.Metod: För att belysa kunskapen hos personal i Karlskoga och Lindesbergs kommun användes en postenkät som mätinstrument i denna kvantitativa undersökning.Resultat: Personalen hade störst kunskap inom området kommunikation och vilken påverkan hörselnedsättningar kan ge. Sämre kunskap fanns att se inom området hörseltekniska hjälpmedel och hörapparater och om hur vanligt förekommande hörselnedsättningar är.Slutsats: Resultatet tyder på att det finns vissa brister i personalens kunskap, främst inom de områden som handlar om hörsel, hörselnedsättning och vissa hörhjälpmedel.

Organisationer ställs numera inför ökade krav på förändring och förnyelse i sitt affärsgörande. Det medför samtidigt nya krav på de affärsstödjande IT-system som befinner sig i organisationen vilka måste klara de högre kraven på anpassning i samband med en förändring av organisationen och affärsprocesserna. För att kunna uppnå de nya kraven på flexibilitet och lös koppling som verksamheten ställer på systemen realiserar nu alltfler service-orienterade arkitekturer vilket innebär att delarna i systemen utvecklas som tjänster, levererade efter behov och konsumerade på begäran.Affärsgörandet i den service-orienterade miljön kräver tillit till både miljön och transaktionerna. Vi menar att det är först när aktörernas trygghetsbehov är tillfredsställt som förutsättningar finns att aktörerna känner ett intresse eller en vilja att delta i den öppna miljöns olika affärsaktiviteter. Affärsvärdet som kommuniceras i miljöns interaktioner bestämmer till stor del säkerhetsbehovet och därmed säkerhetsarkitekturens utformning.För att kunna säkra den öppna miljö där tjänsterna brukas och affärsinteraktionerna sker ser vi ett behov av en säkerhetsmodell som är tillräckligt flexibel för att inte inverka hämmande på serviceorienteringens grundläggande principer såsom dynamik och flexibilitet i arkitekturen eller på autonomin för inblandade aktörer och tjänster.

Bakgrund: Människors förändrade levnadsvanor med upplevelser så som hotell- och restaurangbesök har ökat kravet på den service som förväntas inom branschen. Kravet på ökad service ställer krav på att medarbetare ska vara motiverade till att prestera för att kunna erbjuda den service som efterfrågas och för att företagen ska kunna nå upp till sina uppsatta mål. För att motivera sina medarbetare och få dem att ta beslut som är i enighet med företagets mål kan företag använda sig av ett belöningssystem.Syfte: Syftet med studien är att kartlägga hur belöningssystemet i hotellkedjan är utformat för hotelldirektörerna samt hur bonussystemet uppfattas påverka motivation, handlande och beslutsfattande. Ett andra syfte är att identifiera och analysera de positiva och negativa effekter bonussystemet kan ge upphov till.Metod: En kvalitativ studie har tillämpats och en fallstudie på ett företag inom hotellbranschen har genomförts. Semi-strukturerade intervjuer med fem hotelldirektörer inom hotellkedjan har legat till grund för det empiriska materialet.Resultat och slutsatser: Studien visar att bonussystemet får hotelldirektörerna att bli motiverade till att prestera.

The increased specialisation and complexity in products and services has created the need for Swedish companies to focus more on their core businesses. This has resulted in them opting to buy services and products that lie outside of their core business from consultancy businesses or other types of suppliers. When companies describe their offers in internal and external marketing it is done often in terms of company or service attributes that are not based on customer value or offered value for the customer. The reason for this is that companies have not adapted their services to the different needs of their customers. As a result of this, they run the risk of offering the same services as their competitors and communicate values that the customers either do not understand or experience as value adding.

We have in this field study been researching how social comfort is affected by the work of social services and their collaboration with police, schools and health care within a small village located countryside in the northern part of Sweden. The attribute which sets this village a part from most other small countryside villages is the fact that the crime rate is amongst the lowest in Sweden as well as the social security feeling within the inhabitants are amongst the highest. We traveled 2298 kilometers back and forth to be able to interview professionals and gather empiric material for this study. The method we have used for data collection has been in the form of semi structured interviews. We have used previous research concerning collaboration, social comfort, social discomfort and fear of crime as our aid to analyze our findings with the help of theories regarding different types of communites (gemeinschaft and gesellschaft) invented by Ferdinand Tönnies (2001) and Human Service Organisation by Hasenfeld (1983).

The aim of this thesis is to spread some light over the coming into being of the 2005 Pension Reform in Norway. The point of departure lies within an interest in Welfare State politics and the development in this field. Pensions constitute a cornerstone in the Welfare State. Making use of J. Kingdon´s Theory of the Agenda Setting Process, Discourse Theory and Institutional Theory the thesis seek to visualize the implications of structures, central actors and discourses on the reform processes.

This essay is about two Swedish folk musicians, Anders Rosén and Leif Stinnerbom, who have been playing two important rolls in the developing process of Swedish folk music, on their separate ways. The main part of this work is focused on the era called ?The Folk Music Vogue?, which was the era when my informants were in the limelight on the Swedish fiddler scene of the 70s.Our music culture is constantly lying under the change of progress and I find it interesting to reflect how these kinds of changes are affecting the role of the musician.In this essay I am reflecting on the different perspectives of the musicianship according to my informants and how they both are referring to their role as musicians. The purpose is further on to see how they have been relating to the change of progress on the field of the Swedish folk music during the 70s and up to this date. Throughout interviews with the informants I am analyzing their personal relationship to their life as folk musicians.