SAMMANFATTNING BAKGRUND: En patient med ryggmärgsskada [RMS] har en livslång ökad risk för trycksår på grund av sitt rörelse- och känselbortfall. Av alla med RMS i världen får upp till 95% trycksår minst en gång under sin livstid. Det finns idag ingen bra riskbedömningsskala avseende trycksår hos RMS-patienter, då de enligt den vedertagna Modifierade Nortonskalan får en missvisande låg risk för trycksår. Med kunskap om riskfaktorer, information och utbildning går det till stor del att förebygga uppkomsten av trycksår.SYFTE: Syftet med studien var att kartlägga förekomsten av trycksår hos nyskadade/nyinsjuknade patienter med RMS samt att undersöka vilka faktorer som visar på risk för trycksår.METOD: Studiedesignen var en kvantitativ jämförande observationsstudie där data samlades in longitudinellt och prospektivt. Skillnader mellan nyskadade/nyinsjuknade RMS-patienter med och utan trycksår studerades.RESULTAT: Av de 61 patienter som deltog i studien hade 35 (57,4%) trycksår någon gång under vårdtiden.

Det finns många olika sorters barn. De är olika på grund av sina medfödda dispositioner, men framförallt på grund av vilka dispositioner deras olika uppväxtmiljöer ger dem möjlighet att utveckla. Det finns även gemensamma faktorer som gäller alla människor att ta i beaktande. Allt detta ger en mycket komplicerad bakgrundsbild till fenomen som kamratskap, vänskap, social rangordning och utanförskap. Det som står klarast lysande är dock den stora betydelse gemenskap med andra barn i samma ålder har för barns sociala utveckling och att en slutsats blir att det är denna resurs som måste säkerställas innan intentionerna om att ge alla barn samma chanser till god psykosocial hälsa och möjlighet att ta sin plats i samhället kan förverkligas..

In Sweden, harvesting pre-commercial thinning (PCT) stems for energy purposes is a interesting way of financing the high cost of preparing dense stands for a profitable first conventional thinning. This concept can be labelled bioenergy thinning. The aim of this study was to quantify the productivity of a Vimek 404R light harvester with an accumulating Naarva-Grip cutting head during the bioenergy thinning of a self-regenerated stand west of Sunnansjö in Dalarna. The stand was birch-dominated, contained 15 371 stems/ha, and measured on average 4,6 cm Dbh and 7 m tall. Even though the driver was well experienced with the machine, the stand in question was the first one that he ever thinned in this manner. Nevertheless, the driver strived to accumulate as many stems as possible during each crane cycle and chose to cut taller stems in half so as to make the handling and forwarding of the harvested stems easier.

In today's society dogs have become more popular as pets. This increase may result in more dog owners with lack of knowledge on how to care for them. A major social issue is the societies viewpoint to fighting breeds and similar breeds with an aggressive behavior. We experience that there is an increasing problem with aggressive dogs and their owners in Sweden that needs to be taken seriously.The aim of our study is to find out if people in Sweden think there is a problem with aggressive dogs. The study has been carried out as a literature study and a survey.

The spread of digital photography has created major changes in the previously stable Swedish photofinishing market. We investigate how companies act to survive in the face of technological change, through our research question: What strategies have actors in the photofinishing business chosen during the changeover from analog to digital photofinishing? Using a deductive method, we have conducted semi-structured interviews with 11 actors in the photofinishing business. Innovation management studies innovation from a number of perspectives, describing effects of innovations on the competitive ability of established actors, and on the value of their resources. The companies were not prepared for the speed of the change.

The aim of this study was to examine if performance-based self-esteem, personality (Type A), perceived stress, age and gender predict the value of own or others life-stress (VLS). The aim was also to examine whether the variables were correlated significantly with each other. The investigation was conducted in a town in the mid-south of Sweden. The instrument consisted of two forms where the first measured Type A personality and the second tapped perform-ance-based self-esteem, perceived stress and the level of life-stress. The results showed that the level of life-stress could explain, on the basis of the predictors, performance-based self-esteem, personality (Type A), perceived stress, age and gender.

The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to describe how Swedish public libraries use the online social network Facebook and its functions. Our focus of this study lies on how the librarians use the network and what experiences they?ve made. The questions we wanted to answer were:? How do the libraries in this study work with Facebook and its services? ? What do the interviewed librarians think about working with Facebook as an instrument?? What pros and cons can be identified from working with Facebook?The methodology used for this study was qualitative interviews.

The purpose of this Master?s Thesis is to examine the information use and information behavior of the scientists at the company ?Forskningsbolaget?. For this purpose an Information Audit was carried out using both interviews with six managers and a questionnaire, which was sent out to the entire population of 213 scientists. After finding out what information the scientists use and how they obtain it the aim was to answer the question of to what extent the company?s Information Centre can meet these needs.

Sedan år 1998 har det i Nollvisionens fotspår startats ett utvecklingsprogram i Sverige som syftar till att omvandla gamla 13 meters landsvägar och motortrafikleder till mötesfria. Implementeringen var tänkt att påtagligt reducera antalet mötes- och omkörningsolyckor samt singelolyckor med svåra konsekvenser i form av svårt skadade och dödade utan att försämra trafiksäkerheten i övrigt. Syftet med denna studie är att göra en effektmätning av de mötesfria vägarnas införande i Karlstadsregionen samt att göra en sammanställning av de olycksrisker mötesfria vägar omfattas av. Frågeställningarna som används i studien är:- Har det blivit säkrare på vägarna sedan implementeringen av mötesfria vägar i Karlstadsregionen?- Hur sker olyckor på mötesfria vägar inom Karlstadsregionen? För att beskriva hur olyckor sker på mötesfria vägar inom Karlstadsregionen har en deskriptiv analys tillämpats som grundats på de beskrivningar av händelseförlopp som dokumenterats i STRADA och CORE, mellan åren 2010-2013.

With increasing wine consumption and a growing assortment at available to Swedish consumers, there is an interest in understanding the decision making process of Swedish wine consumers. In this thesis the expert phenomenon is studied with respect to wine through wine critic reliability: grading objectivity, understanding the process of wine criticism and possible critic influence on consumer behavior. Two studies were performed; a qualitative in-depth session of interviews with industry connoisseurs and a quantitative analysis of 589 online wine reviews. Our results indicate that wine reviews are highly subjective and defy prediction through analysis of external variables. Critics are likely to judge differently based on what information they have at hand, suggesting that expectations affect grading.

Idag riktar många butiker in sig på sina kvinnliga kunder. De är väl omtalat hur kvinnor handlar och att de ser shopping som ett nöje. Butikerna sätter upp erbjudande för att locka kvinnor att handla mer och göra dem tillfredsställda; då kommer de tillbaka igen. Det läggs inte ner lika mycket tid och engagemang på de manliga kunderna, då det finns olika teorier som säger att män inte tycker om att shoppa. Samtidigt som samhället har förändrats har också männen och kvinnorna förändras.

In this paper the authors aim to examine the effects on consumers using different strategies in a campaign within social marketing. A model by Evans et al (1996) has been used in order to see the different steps in which advertising catches the viewers? attention and eventually leads to action or purchasing. However, in the case of this thesis, the intention of the chosen campaign is to change the consumers? attitudes and behavior towards alcohol.

Motivation är det som driver oss människor till handling och som får oss att agera på olika sätt. För att genomföra en livsstilsförändring krävs det motivation, men vad är det som motiverar människan till handling? Syftet med studien är att undersöka vilka faktorer som motiverat till att ta beslutet om att en förändring är nödvändig samt hur motivationen påverkat förändringsprocessen. Studien undersöker även om det går att urskilja någon gemensam motivationsfaktor inom olika livsstilsförändringar. I studien har fem informanter som genomgått olika livsstilsförändringar intervjuats.

The implementation of IFRS 2 led to significant changes in the accounting practices for corporations regarding stock related compensation. The new regulations required firms to account for the stock based compensation as an expense in the financial statements, rather than merely disclosing the information in the notes section to the statements. Following prior research on the area; specifically studies made in the U.S., where researchers find that companies change their use of stock based compensation due to the increased accounted expenses, this study hypothesizes that the same pattern may be found among companies listed on the Swedish stock market. The results of this study show that the use of option incentives has decreased during the studied period 2001-2008 and that the decrease in part can be derived from IFRS 2 and in part from other factors. The results are useful to future research, as they provide an overview of the effects that IFRS 2 had on companies, and various factors that influence the behavior of corporations, as well as in a larger perspective be a factor to take into account for future modifications of the IFRS..

In this project we have used the theory of analytical mechanics to derive equations of motion for complex mechanical systems in order to study their behaviour over time. Even if the theory provides powerful tools to tackle tough problems which would be very hard to solve by methods of Newtonian mechanics, you are still relatively limited without running any computer simulations. One realises that in a faster rate it will be an incredibly difficult task to find an analytical solution when the degrees of freedom increases. Even if one would succeed to derive the equations, one still has to solve them to get the information of the systems behavior. Of experience one knows that the equations in general are nonlinear and hence must be integrated numericaly.