Deep litter is a system for animals kept in separate stalls, loafing and bedding in wind shelters. The litter can consist of different bedding, like straw and peat. The system is allowed to build over and to ensure optimal proportions it is necessary to add new straw regularly and to have good conditions. Important conditions are aerobic state, humidity, amount of organic substance and acceptable temperatures in the litter. The micro organisms are depending on temperature for their living conditions and to get the bottom layer in the litter to start burning.

Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are ubiquitous in the environment today and they have been detected even in remote areas such as the Arctic. PFASs can be transported by the atmosphere and ocean currents but the transport mechanism is not fully understood. PFASs may be harmful to organisms due to their persistence in the environment, bio-accumulation potential and toxicity. Studies have shown that PFASs can cause adverse effects on the metabolism as well as the endocrine- and reproduction systems in organisms. In this study, PFASs were investigated in glaucous gull (Larus hyperboreus) (n=5) and black guillemot (Cepphus grylle) (n=4) from Svalbard.

We are surrounded by things. They have their own personalities. Some evokes our emotions. We want to own them. We develop strong relationships to each other.

Våtmarker som anläggs på jordbruksmark kan förhindra att fosfor från åkrarna når sjöar och vattendrag och hjälper därmed till att minska övergödningen. Det är viktigt att utforma våt-marken på ett sådant sätt att så mycket som möjligt av den biotillgängliga fosforn hålls kvar. Syftet med studien var att undersöka om det finns ett positivt samband mellan lerinnehåll och fosfors biotillgänglighet i en anlagd våtmarks sediment. Syftet var även att undersöka om partikelstorleken minskar gradvis med avståndet från inloppet, det vill säga om mer lera sedimenterar närmare utloppet. Prover togs längs tre transekter från sedimentet i en våtmark i västra Östergötland och fosfor- samt partikelstorleksanalyser gjordes.

Assisted living is a relatively new form of housing that received a government definition in 2007 in conjunction with a government appointed investigation of future alternative accommodation for senior citizens. The type of accommodation is intended for seniors who have the need for increased security, which may be a consequence of that they feel anxious or lonely. It concerns ordinary homes with qualities that suit needs of seniors. There is no allowance from the local municipality required in order for seniors to apply for these homes and so assisted living should not be confused with nursing homes/ sheltered housing. The purpose of this study is to identify success factors for a winning concept for assisted living in the Gothenburg region, on behalf of Skanska Project development.

På senare år har ett nytt forskningsområde kring mikroskopiska plastfragment i marin miljö, kallat mikroplaster, vuxit fram. Mikroplaster härstammar från antropogena källor som avloppsreningsverk och vid fragmentering av makroplast. Det finns ett begränsat antal studier inom området, särskilt vad gäller svenska vatten, vilket innebär att det finns utrymme för mer forskning. För att bidra till forskningen har föreliggande studie undersökt sedimentprover från litoralen vid sju olika platser längs svenska västkusten samt ett sedimentprov från djupt vatten vid en av platserna. För att undersöka koncentration och distribution av mikroplaster utfördes korrelationsanalys längs den svenska västkusten mellan mikroplaster och två variabler; kornstorlek och salinitet.

Lake Bornsjön is situated 30 km southwest of Stockholm in a rift valley lake and consist three basins outstretched in northwest-southeast direction. The surface area is 6,7 km2 with a maximum depth of 18,3 meters, a mean depth of 9,8 meters and a retention time of the water of 6,5 years. The drainage area is 42 km2 and consists mainly of arable land (ca 1000 ha) and productive forestry land (2500 ha), but in the drainage area there are also restored and fairly newly constructed wetlands.Today the Stockholm area receives its drinking water from Lake Mälaren, but if there would be any pollution of this source, Lake Bornsjön would act as the water source. The area surrounding the lake was bought already in 1899 by Stockholm Stad for protection of the lake and was taken over 1993 by Stockholm Vatten AB. It has been a water protection area from 1988 and it was also accepted as a nature reserve in 1995.

This paper aims to investigate what part Swedish media plays when it comes to portraying hiv and people infected by the virus. The study comes from articles published in Sweden's two largest daily newspapers, Dagens Nyheter and Göteborgs Posten, in 2007.By using discourse analysis we found that hiv within Sweden is described as related to riskgroups or risk behaviour and that individuals with hiv is portrayed as average people living normal lives. Except for the above described pattern, stories about so called hiv-men frequently occur. Overall, the words abroad and foreigners are reproduced in articles about individuals living with hiv or aids. When it comes to articles describing hiv abroad, aids is more in focus and people living with the virus is portrayed as innocent victims.

Sand pits are a valuable habitat which can hold many sand living species including several endangered ones. As many sand habitats with exposed sand are declining, sand pits have a potential as a substitute habitat. This study was conducted to see what effect the area of a sand pit has on species number and composition of ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Also, the effects of other environmental variables were tested, for example the proportion open sand, vegetation cover, sun exposure and tree cover. The study was conducted in the county of Uppsala in 2008 and included 13 sand pits with areas between 200 and 180,000 m2.

This is an essay about gated communities and their impact on society. The key questions of my essay are: why people choose to live in gated communities; how the city is impacted by gated communities and what the difference concerning the reasons and impact of gated communities in Florida and Sweden is, and what this difference might depend on. I am using postmodern urbanism as a starting point, and I look closer on Edward J. Soja?s theories about the postmodern metropolis.

Being a trustee within the disability care will, in most cases, put big responsibility on the trustee both as a representative for the klient but also as a representative for the standards of the society. The assignment as a trustee is to strengthen the client and ease his/her way of living in the society. The Swedish legislation that controls the process and the regulation of the trustees, is by the authors of this paper preceived as kind of vauge, leaving a lot of room for interpretation. So  how do trustees comprehend their assignment and how do they actually interpret it? Using material from eight interviews with trustees within the disability care, this paper aims to examine these questions, and focuses only on the trustees and their experiences.

When creating a good lighting design it is crucial to know how different types of lamps work. Knowing what kind of light they emit and in which situations they work well is also very important. In this master thesis I present different types of lamps and give an account of how light is spread through the different shapes of luminaires, reflectors, filters and so on. I write about how our eyes register radiation and connections between lighting and how it makes us experience space. Furthermore I deal with the effect of artificial light on living organisms and the environment. After the theoretical studies I deal with the places I have visited to study how different lamps and luminaires work and look like in existing lighting designs. These visits have also been inspirational to my lighting proposal for Bokenäs. Bokenäs is Volvo?s resort and conference center which is situated on the Swedish west coast.

Att förstå sambandet mellan miljövariabler och fiskarters förekomst eller abundans är en väsentlig del i att bedriva ekosystembaserat bevarandearbete och ekologiskt hållbart fiske. Tånglaken, Zoarces viviparus, var klassad som nära hotad på rödlis-tan 2010 och på HELCOM Red List of the Baltic Sea 2013. Tånglaken är utbredd över hela Östersjön och används som en bioindikator för föroreningar i havet Att förstå vad som styr tånglakens utbredning är alltså viktigt både ut bevarande syn-punkt och ur miljöövervakningssynpunkt Meningarna går isär angående dennes ha-bitatpreferenser. Med hjälp av data i form av uppmätt djup och videosekvenser från provfisken inom projektet BONUS INSPIRE och data i form av rasterkartor för andra miljövariabler har generalized additive modelling gjorts för tånglakens före-komst i Östersjön. Tre slutgiltiga modeller valdes ut baserat på förklaringsgrad.

Dagvatten är regnvatten samt smältvatten från snö och is som landar på en yta som är impermeabel det vill säga vägar, tak mm. Den främsta orsaken till förorening av dagvatten är trafiken. I en industristad som Luleå är även industrin en bidragande faktor till föroreningen. I Luleå kommun förekommer ingen rening av dagvattnet i dagsläget innan det når respektive recipient via separata dagvattenledningar och ytavrinning. En utredning har genomförts av dagvattensituationen i Luleå då en inventering gjorts bland annat som underlag för att kunna ta ett beslut om var sedimentprovtagning skulle genomföras.

This report is part of an Bachelor of Science work in forestry, conducted for the community of Borås, Sweden. In order to create a forest management plan for the area of Hestra, a survey was conducted. People living in the area were given the opportunity to reply to the survey. The questions in the survey are both personal and forestry-related. The aim is to reach out to the different categories of people when it comes to age, living and the different aspects of visiting the woods.