Alfa Laval?s strategy is to focus on modularized product platforms. Several benefits areforeseen, reduced lead-time, less costs, shorter Time To Market and better quality.Development and verifying will be carried out on block level. Today the separators arebeing tested as a complete unit. A number of factors affect the test results and problemsthat are encountered can be hard to identify.

In a time when economic crises relieving one another, it is especially interesting to study how companies choose to finance their operations. Since there is a lack of studies that include banks, and their capital structures, with the rest of the finance market, it is uncertain whether the theories of capital structure are applicable. Therefore, this essay aims to study whether there is any correlation between the two variables debt-equity ratio and return on equity (ROE) for Swedish corporations on the finance market.In accordance with the theorems that the professors Modigliani and Miller filed, in 1958 and 1961, which describes a clear link between debts, increase corporate value through the tax shield and indirectly increased yields. Although these theorems are the foundation of the modern research they focus on perfect markets. Therefore, this paper has also chosen to place great emphasis on theories such as Trade-off and Pecking-order.

Inom intensivvården har utvecklingen av medicinteknisk utrustning de senaste tio åren gått mycket fort framåt och blivit allt mer avancerad. Utbildning och kompetensutveckling inom medicinsk teknik skaar en trygg och säker miljö för både patient och vårdpersonal och är ett led i patientsäkerhetsarbetet. Utbildning inom medicinsk teknik har sett olika ut genom åren och webbaserad utbildning är ett inlärningssätt. Syftet med examensarbetet var att beskriva intensivvårdssjuksköterskors uppfattningar av webbaserat utbildningsverktyg för medicinteknisk utrustning ur ett patientsäkerhetsperspektiv. Datainsamlingen skedde genom semistrukturerade intervjuer av åtta intensivvårdssjuksköterskor på ett sjukhus i Mellansverige.

Mothers of small children often work part-time in Sweden. Since old age pensions are based on lifetime income, part-time work leads to lower pensions, as long as there is no compensation from non-actuarial benefits such as minimum pensions. In this paper, I investigate whether different components of the Swedish pension system provide incentives for part-time work among women. The analysis is performed through a simulation of future pensions for 9 typical women in a certain cohort. For three levels of education, I compare pensions of women with different labor market participation rates in different growth scenarios.

Corn is an important food and feed crop in the world, in Sweden it?s up till now grown on limited acreages mainly for silage. But I think it can get more important if you can grow it also for grain, because it?s a good animal feed for example, for life stock-, pigsand poultry. On of corns advantage is that it can produce the same amount of dry matter as for example wheat, barley and rise but with 25% less water. I will examine if it possible to grow corn for grain production in the south of Sweden.

Background: Good quality of communication has a significant role and is essential in the care, and there are many factors that have an impact on the communication between nurse and patient. It is important that the interaction and communication is directed to and focused on understanding in broad sense in order to make sure that the meeting between nurse and care taker will result in something positive. Through a greater understanding the cooperation between nurse and the patient will be facilitated, which will create opportunities for both sides to be part of and contribute to a meaningful rehabilitation.Purpose: The aim of the study is to describe how the elderly patient and the nurse experience the communication within the health care, however also to identify what factors that are essential for an optimal communication.2Method: In this study the method that has been chosen is metasynthesis. The metasynthesis method implies that qualitative studies, that illustrate elderly patients and nurses perceptions and experiences of communication within health care, have systematically been reviewed and compiled to a result.Result: The analysis of the study?s results in a composition that consist of the following three themes; the patients and the nurses perspective on how information should be conveyed, the role of the time aspect in communication and the impact of the attitude on communication.

That the Swedish society looks different depending on the location is a fact and that in turn means different schools with different conditions and resources depending on the localization. We have in this study interviewed four teachers in a high-status school and four teachers at a low-status school in a municipality south of Stockholm. The purpose of our study is to find out how teachers / educators perceive children's physical and psychological safety in their workplaces, and if there is a difference between the schools in resource allocation.In order to answer our purpose of the study, we chose to interview teachers about how the school looks for the kids in order of enough resources such as books for all, enough facilities and competent and even skilled teachers. To take into account and consider people´s backgrounds, experiences, and cultural frames of reference is a way to interact within a respectful world, and as a good approach to educating children from all parts of the world and with all the different mental and physical difficulties. The two schools in our study show lack of resources but of different kinds.

År 2003 introducerades en checklista för patienters kliniska status och vårdplats påneurointensivvårdsavdelningen (NIVA) på ett universitetssjukhus i Mellansverige.Studiens syfte var att utvärdera denna checklista som verktyg i klinisk verksamhet med fokuspå brister, åtgärder och användarvänlighet.Studien består av tre delar och är deskriptiv med kvantitativ ansats. En observationsstudie avtvärsnittskaraktär där funna brister och åtgärder studerats, en journalgranskning däranvändarvänlighet studerats och en enkätstudie avseende intensivvårdssjuksköterskornaserfarenheter och upplevelser.Resultatet visade att checklistan var användarvänlig med nyttjandefrekvens på 100 %.Intensivvårdssjuksköterskorna ansåg att checklistan inverkar positivt på arbetet, utgör ett stödoch bidrar till ökad patientsäkerhet. Den vanligast funna bristen var larmgränser. Totaltpåträffades brister i 38 % av fallen och dessa gav en åtgärdsfrekvens på 77,5 %. Ensignifikant skillnad avseende åtgärdsfrekvensen påträffades mellan dag- och nattpass.Slutsatsen är att checklistan bidrar till att brister upptäcks och åtgärdas, den är användarvänligoch personalen är positivt inställd till den.

Title: Collaboration in BoDa-units. A qualitative study about collaboration regarding people with disabilities. The purpose of this thesis was to internally examine the cooperation between different professions in municipal BoDa-units. By doing a qualitative study using focus-group-interviews in three municipalities, we were able to examine the personnel?s experience of cooperation issues and opportunities in BoDa-units.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a topic that is becoming increasingly important in today's society. CSR is a concept whereby companies voluntarily integrate social and environmental concerns both in their business but also in interaction with their stakeholders. The society of today sets high expectations for how companies take their social responsibilities, especially in industries where the risks to individuals and the environment are high. In this study, we tried to answer the following questions; what kind of responsibility do companies in the plastics and chemicals industry claim to take and why might this be due? What differences exist between the investigated companies in the industry and what may these differences be rooted in? The purpose of this study was to obtain an understanding of the interest in working on sustainability in the plastics and chemicals industry.

Varje år omkommer cirka 500 personer i trafiken och runt 20 000 personer skadas. Betydande riskfaktorer till trafikolyckor är alkohol och droger som blivit allt vanligare förekommande. Det uppskattas att mellan 12 500 ? 15 000 personer kör onyktra på landets vägar dagligen. Rattfylleristerna domineras av yngre och medelålders män och ungefär två tredjedelar av rattfylleristerna har ett alkoholproblem.

Detta examensarbete undersöker hur lärare och elever använder sig av formativ bedömning i skrivprocessen för att bearbeta och förbättra elevtexter. Utgångspunkten för detta arbete har varit att ta reda på hur elever tar till sig den formativa bedömningen i den fortsatta skrivprocessen och på vilka grunder lärare gör sina val av kommentarer i den formativa bedömningen. I undersökningen har jag följt fem elever i årskurs 6 och deras lärare under fem dagar för att främst se hur de arbetar i skrivprocessens sista fas där bearbetningen av texten sker. Jag har observerat lärarens och elevernas arbete i skrivprocessen samt intervjuat läraren och de fem eleverna. Elevtexterna använder jag som konkret exempel på vilka kommentarer läraren ger till eleverna och vilket fokus hon lägger i sin bedömning samt hur eleverna bearbetar sina texter utifrån kommentarerna.

SammanfattningAvregleringen av den finansiella marknaden har skapat förutsättningar för alternativa marknadsplatser. Företag kan i dag välja att notera sig på icke traditionella börser som inte är knutna till en fysisk handelsplats. För att skapa förtroende och långsiktighet för dessa virtuella marknadsplatser krävs det att vikt läggs vid relationen till kunderna. En del i detta är att ta hänsyn till de faktorer som potentiella kunder värderar i valet av marknadsplats. I dag väljer företag att notera sig på O-listan före någon av NGMs listor och väljer man NGMs lista är det enbart för att kraven där har varit lägre.

The purpose of this master thesis is to construct a steering transmission, for a trackedvehicle, containing two hydraulic circuits which are connected. The steeringtransmission should be mechanical to avoid steer-by-wire.BAE Systems Hägglunds has in an earlier study examined a system with two hydraulicpumps and one hydraulic motor, but the safety of the system wasn?t sufficient.To achieve sufficient redundancy there must be two hydraulic motors, which arecontrolled separately. When the two systems are connected in one point, this point is acritical part of the system because it directly affects both circuits. If one of the hydrauliccircuits fails the other should be able to operate independently as a steeringtransmission.

Few issues raise such an engagement as parking areas, both by the municipality, property- and car owners. For car owners, it is of great importance where to park his car. Parking is not simply about availability but also about safety, security and how it affects the urban environment.When the land will be utilized for building development, there are regulations in Chapter 8, § 9 PBL how parking will be provided. Property owners have an obligation to provide parking space and it shall be arranged in an equitable manner, on the site or near it, which gives an opportunity for shared parking facilities. The guidelines for parking that the municipality has adopted should be the starting point for the extent of that space for parking is required when a building permit review.The first thing you should look at, is if the property owner has ability to provide parking space at his own property, but this is not always the best solution in areas such as inner cities.