Demokrati i skolan har en framskjuten plats i dagens skoldebatt, vilket gör det intressant att följa hur begreppet demokrati anvÀnts och tolkats idag men ocksÄ historiskt sett. Jag har valt att studera begreppet demokrati i skolan och söka svar pÄ frÄgor om hur demokrati uttryckts i de olika styrdokument som funnits för den obligatoriska skolan bakÄt i tiden ocksÄ hur den demokratiska fostran vÀntats gÄ till samt vad i samhÀllet som pÄverkat demokratistrÀvandena för skolans del under olika tidsperioder. För att svara pÄ frÄgorna har en dokumentstudie gjorts, dÀr styrdokument för skolan frÄn slutet av 1800-talet och fram till idag samt annan utbildningshistorisk litteratur gÄtts igenom. Med hjÀlp av denna senare litteratur har en allmÀn historisk bakgrund givits. De uttryck för demokrati somjag funnit i de studerade styrdokumenten har tolkats efter ett schema vilket kombinerar tvÄ dimensioner av begreppet nÀmligen form-funktion och kollektiv-individ.

This thesis aims to evaluate the concept of Uncovered Interest Parity. The parity states that the logarithmic difference between domestic and foreign interest rate equals the logarithmic difference between expected future spot exchange rate and the spot exchange rate, . In defining the exchange rate it is often presumed that the parity relation prevails even though several studies suggest the opposite. Numerous economists maintain that the theory?s shortcomings can be explained through the existence of a Risk Premium.

Sweden has been a member of the European Union since 1995 and the power of the organisation to make decisions has increased over the years in a rate which hasn?t been followed by an equally increase in democratization. This is partly due to the lack of participation in the decision making process and at the national level the citizens don?t possess enough channels to compensate the loss of influence. To solve this democratic dilemma, more and more countries are turning to the referendum.

Allt fler kvinnor söker sig till rektorsyrket. Medan yrket har blivit mer kvinnodominerat har Àven arbetsvillkoren blivit hÄrdare. LÄnga dagar med mycket oförutsedda arbetsuppgifter gör rektorsyrket till ett tungt arbete. Studier visar att det fortfarande Àr kvinnan som tar hand om det mesta i hemarbetet. Tuffa arbetsvillkor och mycket ansvar i hemmet kan leda till lÄngvarig stress.

Uppsatsens syfte Àr att ur ett kundperspektiv skapa en ökad förstÄelse för kortkunders butikslojalitet och syn pÄ kundkort i dagligvarudetaljhandeln. Som utgÄngspunkt har vi haft en analysmodell om affektiv, kognitiv och konnativ kundlojalitet, av Dick & Basu (1994). Vi har anvÀnt oss av en explorativ undersökningsmetod. Genom djupintervjuer med 11 stycken dagligvaruhandelskunder har vi samlat in vÄr primÀrdata. VÄra respondenter var kognitivt lojala till ett av sina kundkortsföretag.

The aim of this study is to analyze the process of an agenda setting and see how a specific issue came to materialize on the security policy agenda. The empirical goal of the study is to see why Sweden chose to participate in the EU-led operation to Chad, and how that process came to be? The analysis is based upon Kingdon's multiple streams theory (2003) where he distinguishes the process into three streams. Central for his theory is the coupling of these streams and the importance of a policy entrepreneur. I complement Kingdon's theory of policy entrepreneurs by taking inspiration from Hinnfors (1995), Gustavsson (1999) and especially Eriksson (2000) and their analysis of policy change and agenda setting.

This paper studies the research foundations created in 1994 from the former wage earners? funds out of a portfolio management point of view. Firstly it describes the seven largest foundations and their different portfolio management structures. Secondly it analyses the performance of these foundations measured as the intercept, Jensen?s a, in a linear regression of the excess returns of a portfolio versus a proxy for the market, as well as the Sharpe-ratio.

Med utgĂ„ngspunkt i det förnyade politiska intresse för historieundervisningens innehĂ„ll, som följde pĂ„ regeringens informationssatsning ?Levande historia?, undersöks bilden av 1900-talets folkmord i ett antal lĂ€roböcker i historia för gymnasiet frĂ„n 1990-talet och början av 2000-talet, med sĂ€rskild tonvikt pĂ„ vilket urval författarna gör samt vilka förklaringar som presenteras till att de kunde Ă€ga rum. Även principerna för urvalet av det kunskapsstoff som förmedlas samt möjliga konsekvenser av detta diskuteras. Den kvalitativa textanalysen utgĂ„r frĂ„n teoretiska begrepp som historiemedvetande och historiebruk, med vissa referenser till orientalismperspektiv som diskuterats i tidigare forskning. Undersökningen visar att styrdokumentens inflytande över lĂ€romedlens framstĂ€llning har ökat sedan 1994 och att förĂ€ndringen ocksĂ„ tagit sig uttryck i en renodling av det europeiska perspektivet i urvalet samt i ett ökat intresse för i första hand Förintelsen, bĂ„de före och efter 1997 dĂ„ ?Levande historia? initierades..

One of the largest work areas for speech and language pathologists is intervention for children with speech and language disorders. The purpose of the present study was to describe and analyze the clinical management of language impairment in children by studying and comparing medical records and literature from the years 2000 and 2009. The present study is a sequel to two previously published papers by Christina Samuelsson (1997; 1999), in which medical records and literature from the 1920-, 60- and 70?s were studied and a paper by Helén SÀmfors (2001), in which the years 1985 and 1995 were studied. The medical records used in the present study came from a medical ward for speech and language pathology at a university hospital in Sweden. The results showed that significantly more children were referred to the clinic for speech and language problems in 2009 than in 2000, and more children were treated for their impairments.

This thesis is about School libraries and the honour "School library of the year". I have examined the questions - Whats to say about school libraries in the curriculum and the library law? - Who administer the honour "School library of the year" and whats demanded to get it? - What have made the school libraries I have examined to school libraries of the year"? As theory I have used the Taxonomies of the School Library Media Program by David V. Loertscher. I have given a background to and defined the school library as a function, a room and in the teaching among others.

The aim of this study was to examine young men born between 1990-1995 with anorectal malformations (ARM) whom have undergone the new PSARP-operation starting in 1990, and how they experience their psychosocial and sexual health. The study also examines how they cope with their life situation and what their experience is of the health care and how they were responded to through out the years. This study is a qualitative research and consists seven semi- structured interviews with young men between sixteen and twenty years old. The analyses of this material resulted in three themes around which the study centers: psychosocial health, sexual health and the medical establishment and the informants thoughts about the proposition of counseling for themselves and other individuals born with ARM. The study shows that these young men have a good psychosocial health and a likely reason for that is good parental relationships and close friendships.

The industrialized timber housing process is capable nowadays to build multi-storeyhouses since fairly new changes in the Swedish regulations where made after theadmission of the European Union in 1994.The industrialized process moves parts of the construction process into a highlyeffective factory where 3D-volumes of the building are prefabricated beforetransportation to the building site for assemble.The assembly process is relatively effective compared to the completion of thebuilding service system and this is therefore the main focus in this thesis. This thesisattends problems with completion of the building service system, and thereforedemarcates from other aspects, such as technical and economic aspects, of thebuilding service system.The degree of completion of the flats differs from completion of the connectivepassages, for example hallways, in a way that suggests a need for further investigation.This thesis includes analysis of the possibilities to increase the prefabricatedconnective passages, to the extent of containing building service systems.An increase of the prefabrication of the building service system has a greatdevelopment potential, even though some restraining factors need to be solvedbefore implementation.This thesis was made in collaboration with two of Sweden?s leading companies on themarket of multi-storey industrialized timber housing, Moelven ByggModul AB andLindbÀcks Bygg AB..

The aim of this paper is to describe and explain how the separation between state and church effects the power relations between state and religious groups and organizations. Former state church, The Swedish church, is in this paper, not included in the definition of religious groups. The reform (?stat-kyrka reformen?) took place between 1995 and year 2000.I?m examining if religious groups had any influence on the reform. My expectation is to give a clearer picture of religious groups and its power position in Swedish politics and society.

Allt fler kvinnor söker sig till rektorsyrket. Medan yrket har blivit mer kvinnodominerat har Àven arbetsvillkoren blivit hÄrdare. LÄnga dagar med mycket oförutsedda arbetsuppgifter gör rektorsyrket till ett tungt arbete. Studier visar att det fortfarande Àr kvinnan som tar hand om det mesta i hemarbetet. Tuffa arbetsvillkor och mycket ansvar i hemmet kan leda till lÄngvarig stress.

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the networks of interlocking directors in the 50 largestSwedish companies on the Stockholm Stock Exchange during the years 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005and 2010 and seek explanations for the observed developments.Our findings indicate that the density and concentration of the network has decreased during thefirst ten-year period and stayed constant during the second period. The development of theoverall network is not consistent throughout all corporate groups. Most notablyHandelsbankssfÀren seems to experience increased density and connectivity whileWallenbergsfÀren is experiencing the reverse.The changes during the first ten-year period is deemed to come mainly from changes inregulations pertaining to both the opening for international capital investments as well as looserrestrictions on domestic capital investments. These changes have caused decreased concentrationof ownership, as well as the emergence of new owners, which is reflected in the board ofdirectors.During the second ten-year period the changes are more pertaining to the individual boards andboard members, without flowing through into the overall network. Our findings indicate thatthese changes are caused by the increased professionalization of boards and board work, whichhas gained momentum through the creation of the Swedish Corporate Governance Code..