This thesis aims to evaluate the concept of Uncovered Interest Parity. The parity states that the logarithmic difference between domestic and foreign interest rate equals the logarithmic difference between expected future spot exchange rate and the spot exchange rate, . In defining the exchange rate it is often presumed that the parity relation prevails even though several studies suggest the opposite. Numerous economists maintain that the theory?s shortcomings can be explained through the existence of a Risk Premium.

The purpose of the thesis has been to explore the use of hedge fund styles when constructing portfolios of hedge funds (i.e. funds of hedge funds). The central question is if the use of hedge fund styles can significantly explain and improve risk adjusted returns (characterized by Sharpe ratios). The study has been done in collaboration with Optimized Portfolio Management AB who desire further knowledge and evaluation of hedge fund styles for their fund of hedge funds.To be able to create successful ex ante portfolios we have explored various prediction models for both risk and return. Our findings indicate that return prediction is problematic using simple models such as regression since the risk exposure of the indices appear to change significantly over time.

Forest as an investment alternative has become more and more popular over the last few years. Between the years 2004 and 2007 increased the price level on forest land with 70 percent in Jämtland. In this thesis a comparison has been conducted between forest in Jämtland and an investment in the stock market. The risk in the two investment alternatives has been included in the comparison. The thesis includes two different studies between the two alternatives.

Purpose: The study examines the risk a rising from the acquisition of shares, and its relation to the expected return. We would like to see how a high-risk portfolio is related to a low-risk portfolio. Although studying the portfolios annual performance.Theory: The theories that have been used in the study are, Capital asset pricing model, CAPM and portfolio theory.Method: The study is based on a quantitative method, the time interval is from 2008 to 2010.The annual reports, historical stock prices for companies and the index are used to perform calculations based on the essay theories.Conclusion: The beta value has positive liner correlation with the expected return. When there are bad times in the world, the companies are negatively affected regardless of industry. The Portfolios developed in the same direction during the time period..

I dagens globaliserade samhälle är det enkelt att placera sitt kapital på olika marknader. Dock kan det innebära både risker och möjligheter för investeraren. Vilket betyder att det satsade kapitalet antingen kan bli en lönsam investering eller gå förlorat. Bör hänsyn tas till landsrisker på aktiemarknaden för att kunna bedöma investeringens lönsamhet?Syftet med studien är att ta reda på vilken betydelse landsrisker har för avkastningen i industri- respektive tillväxtländer.

The real estate industry is a sector where the companies generally have a capital structure which is high leveraged. The financing? with the related terms ? is therefore specifically of high importance for the companies in the sector. Traditionally, the way of obtain financing is by borrowing from the bank. Lately, due to new bank regulations, the banks have become more restrictive in their lending which have lead to a growth of other financing alternatives.

This master thesis encompasses an inventory of the older industrial community of Gimo. Investigations of the contamination situation for each industrial area were done. A risk classification according to the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency?s ?Method of Surveying Contaminated Sites?, phase one, followed. The risk classification was done on areas of Iron Work, a rockwool industry and a landfill. Gimo have had iron manufacturing from 1615 until 1945. Gimo have had two blast-furnaces and two smithies periodically.

This Thesis aims to explore how to integrate an IT-system for facilitating anorganizations work with Continous Impprovements.This is done here by examining and analyzing the process within a handful ofcompanies who seem to have been successful with their own implementations. Thestudy is focused on the implementation of one particular system, "System C2".Simliarities and differences between the companies, and the established rule of thumbfor these kind of activities are focused upon. This to emphasis how another actormight emulate some of the apparent success.Part of the core question is found in the title, since Continous Improvement is oftenseen as a relativly low-risk activity, is it then also possible to take a low-risk slow pathto the implementation of such a system in the entire organization?.

Introduction Postoperative wound infections leads to increased patient suffering and cost society money because it leads to longer hospital stays. Previous research shows that patient related risk factors such as smoking, diabetes, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), advanced age (>65 years) a low preoperative hemoglobin level (<140g/L) and a high BMI (> 30) increases the risk of suffering a postoperative wound infection. Aim To investigate whether patients that underwent surgery with Coronary artery Bypass Graft (CABG) in a university hospital in central Sweden in 2013 and had any of these risk factors more often suffer from post-operative wound infection.MethodThe study has a descriptive design and is based on an ongoing infection registration area of operations. The study included 148 patients out of 255 (58%) undergoing CABG in 2013. Possible risk factors were collected through medical record review.Results There was no significant correlation between surgical wound infection and patient-related risk factors such as smoking (not quit smoking four weeks before surgery), diabetes, COPD, advanced age (>65 years), low preoperative hemoglobin (<140g/L) or a high BMI (>30) and suffered a postoperative wound infection.Conclusion More research and a larger sample is needed in the field to produce a reliable result could be presented..

Purpose: The study examines the risk a rising from the acquisition of shares, and its relation to the expected return. We would like to see how a high-risk portfolio is related to a low-risk portfolio. Although studying the portfolios annual performance.Theory: The theories that have been used in the study are, Capital asset pricing model, CAPM and portfolio theory.Method: The study is based on a quantitative method, the time interval is from 2008 to 2010.The annual reports, historical stock prices for companies and the index are used to perform calculations based on the essay theories.Conclusion: The beta value has positive liner correlation with the expected return. When there are bad times in the world, the companies are negatively affected regardless of industry. The Portfolios developed in the same direction during the time period..

AbstractBusiness, or business decisions always involves an endangerment from the company?s aspect, but when it comes to business with foreign countries the risk profile looks quite different from the profile the company has when its doing business inside the country. Therefore, it is extremely important for an export company or import company to carefully consider the risks that are enclosed with the deal, before he makes the decision to enter a deal. One of the most important risks a company have to considerate when doing business with foreign countries is the currency risk. A company is exposed to currency risk when either long-term or short-term changes in the exchange rate may affect the result of the company, competitive position and growth.

Check: IRK (Initial Riskbedömning för Kriminalitet) är en nyutvecklad evidensbaserad checklista tänkt att användas av professionella i initiala bedömningar för att identifiera riskfaktorer för kriminalitet hos ungdomar och vuxna med risk för långvarigt kriminellt beteende. Syftet med vår studie var att i en första pilottestning ta reda på hur professionella inom polis och socialtjänst uppfattar användbarheten av Check: IRK. Via en webbenkätundersökning besvarade 21 respondenter, varav 6 män och 15 kvinnor mellan 26-47 år (M=36 år, SD=6,70) på frågor gällande innehåll, tillämpning och utbildning i Check: IRK. Studiens data analyserades med Z-test och resultaten indikerar att utifrån innehåll, tillämpning och utbildning i checklistan så uppfattar professionella inom polis och socialtjänst Check: IRK som användbar i sitt arbete..

This paper examines the concept of environmental scarcity and the risk of conflict, in particular agriculturalscarcity and the risk of conflict. This paper compares the neighbouring countries Angola and Namibia, andinvestigates why Angola has had a conflict and why Namibia has had peace. This paper investigates if the conflict inAngola is caused by agricultural scarcity and if this is the explanation for the lasting Peace in Namibia..

Syfte: Vårt syfte är att undersöka och försöka säkerställa ett statistiskt signifikant samband mellan volatilitet och avkastning i olika regioner samt globalt. Metod: För att hypotespröva vårt syfte har linjära regressioner med 5 % signifikansnivå utförts, där nollhypotes lyder att det inte finns ett linjärt samband, medan mothypotesen lyder tvärtom. Regressionsanalys har genomförts med hjälp av en databas, som vi skapade själva, samt med dataprogrammet E-views. Teori: Eftersom vi har valt att skriva om risk och avkastning, ansåg vi det vara rimligt att använda oss av portföljvalsteorin, samt att titta på olika typer av risk som en investerare utsätts för när den placerar sitt kapital i värdepapper. Vi går igenom begrepp som avkastning, standardavvikelse, kovarians, korrelation, beta-värde och CAPM.

SammanfattningProblem: Det har skett stora förändringar i svenska privatpersoners fondsparande de senaste åren. Finns det skillnader i lönsamhet mellan Storbankernas fondbolags fonder och de mindre fondbolagens fonder? Tar fondbolagen olika stora risker och leder de alltid till en högre avkastning? Skiljer sig förvaltningsavgifterna åt mellan fondbolagen? Jämfört med benchmark, har fonderna presterat olika i de olika fondbolagen?Syfte: Uppsatsens syfte är att jämföra de Svenska Storbankernas fondbolags fonders prestation med Bancos och Kaupthings fonders prestation, genom att ställa fondernas avkastning i relation till dess risker och avgifter.Metod: Uppsatsen består av en deskriptiv kvalitativ undersökning med ett subjektivt urval. Vi använder oss av sekundärdata för att samla in information om de olika fondbolagens fonders utveckling när det gäller avkastning och risk.Referensram: I referensramen presenteras de olika riskmåtten och de riskjusterande måtten som används i denna uppsats. Portföljteorin och CAPM presenteras i detta avsnitt.Slutsats: Syftet med uppsatsen var att jämföra Storbankernas fondbolag med de mindre fondbolagen för att se om det fanns några uppenbara skillnader i deras avkastning i förhållande till dess risk.