Uppsatsen ?Maktrelation stat och kommun: debatten om den kommunala självstyrelsen 2004-2010? är en beskrivande idéanalys som utifrån tidningars debatt- och ledarartiklar undersöker synen på förhållandet mellan stat och kommun i Sverige. År 2004 startades en grundlagsutredning i vilken frågan om den kommunala självstyrelsen ingick. Utredningen resulterade i en reformerad grundlag som antogs år 2011. Denna uppsats analyserar de argument för och emot kommuners ökade självstyre som fördes fram i debatten under denna tid.

The purpose with this essay is to examine and create an understanding for what meaning graffiti and street art has for those who practice it. Furthermore, the practice of graffiti and street art is seen in relation to how urban space is produced. Five semi-structured interviews and one group interview has been made to answer the questions "What meaning does graffiti and street art has for those who practice it? Can it be seen as a way to construct identity?" "How do the artists relate to existing ideals about public space?" and "Does the artists see graffiti and street art as a resistance against the normative Representation of the city, in that case, how?" The theoretical framework consists of Mitchell's ideas about public space, Tonkiss' definition of social order, Lefebvre's spatial triad, de Certeau's concept of strategy and tactics, the concept of appropriation and Castell's theory about collective identity. The results showed that the practice of graffiti and street art can be understood as a more complex practice than earlier research has shown.

For almost a century the debate about women as ordained servants in the Church of Sweden has raged on and on. The decision to open up the priesthood for both genders in 1958 was a milestone in the women?s liberation movement as well as it marks an important time in the church history. The debate has mainly been about how to interpret scripture, who has the right to do so, and so on. Feminist theology has become one way in recent decades to paint a wider and more nuanced picture of history and how to interpret the texts often used to repress women.This essay surveys some of the steps towards that decision, as well as it paints a rough picture of what leadership among women in the church could involve before ordination became an option.

This research intends to study the media's Representation of unaccompanied refugee children on the basis that the media has a power in the construction of society. The focus is on whether children's vulnerability and needs are presented in the media and whether the children?s voices are heard. It is also of interest to study the agents that speak in the media concerning unaccompanied refugee children. The study is based on a theory that social reality is a construction of interaction between individuals and groups. Furthermore the study also incorporate the idea that the media, through its control of language, has power to create discourses which may affect the way different groups in society are looked upon.

Climate change and the sea level rise that it contributes to is an ever more pressing issue for costal municipalities around the world. Today there is a great deal of scientific reports and projections on what these changes could entail. However, resent studies on south Swedish costal municipalities have shown great discrepancies when it comes to how these scientific projections are implemented in the municipal planning and adaptation strategies. In an effort to understand the underlying reasons for this lack of concurrence, this paper has applied Rolf Lidskogs theory of the hetrogenity of science. The theory gives an explanation to the complications in the science-policy interface, by describing complicating factors in the communication between these actors.

I denna uppsats analyseras de två tidningarna Glamour och King Magazine för att se till hurgenusRepresentationen syns på dess omslag och om det finns några eventuella likheter ochskillnader mellan en tidning riktad till kvinnor (Glamour) och en tidning riktad till män(King).Syftet med analysen är att se till de olika budskapen för genusRepresentation samtidigt somsyftet är att undersöka de olika stereotyper som finns kring män och kvinnor i dagenssamhälle och jämföra dessa mot omslagen för tidningarna.Studien innehåller teorier från bland annat R.W Connell och hans föreställningar kring blandannat den hegemoniska maskuliniteten, men också övriga teorier kring genusRepresentationfrån personer som bland annat Gunilla Jarlbro, Eva-Lena Hedvall och David Gauntlett.Studien bygger i sin analys på en retorisk modell med fokus på omslagens kompositionmellan bland annat text och bild.Resultatet visar på en stereotypifiering av män och kvinnor för tidningsomslagen, där kvinnorförefaller som underordnade i sin Representation medan männen besitter stor makt vilket visarsig i form av en jämförelse. Detta överensstämmer med teorierna kring de olika ideal somförekommer kring män och kvinnor..

The purpose of this master's thesis is to examine how the public library communicates with young users through the library web sites. Four Swedish public library web pages for children are analysed. In the analysis the web pages are treated as a combination of semiotic resources that, communicating as a whole, hold a meaning potential. In order to identify the underlying meaning of the whole I have applied the tools of Kress' & van Leeuwen's visual social semiotics to the chosen web pages.The information value, the framing and the salience of each composition is examined and analysed, as is the size of frame, the perspective and the vertical angle of a selection of images from each web page. The results of the semiotic analysis are then discussed and related to Jochumsen et al:s four space-model and the notion of ?child perspective? and ?empowerment?.The results show that the child perspective is strongest on the web pages that represent the performative space as dominating and that empowerment is mainly represented as ?doing?, ?participating? and the ?free choice?.

AbstractIn the heart of Paris, you will find Sweden?s only cultural center abroad. Since the early 70?s a wealth of cultural activities has been offered, and every year the center receives more than 100,000 visitors. The center is a branch of the Swedish Institute (Si), a public authority which promotes mutual relationships between Sweden and other countries through culture, education, science and business.

Historically, men have always had a superior position over women, which has beenportrayed in all kinds of media Representations. Visual communication is an importantpart of our daily life since the reality is reflected through images. The development ofthe Web has led to increased interaction opportunities, and new ways to communicate,mainly through pictures. Politicians have embraced this and use social media as a partof their daily work. They also use social media to portray themselves from a morepersonal angle, which has created a higher interest for their personal life.

The society today is full of new changes within the companies and their middle chiefs. Middle chief?s visions have changed during recent years. The female chiefs have grown in numbers, and because of that people have started to focus on whether there are any similarities or differences between the female and male leadership behaviors. The essay is about similarities and differences between female and male middle chief?s idea about effective leadership behavior.Our analysis is based on a qualitative study, where we have made four interviews with four chiefs in industrial companies.

Självmordsbombningar som strategiskt vapen har blivit allt vanligare vilket har gjort att betydelsen av mediernas rapportering om dessa har ökat. Uppsatsens syfte är därmed att undersöka och problematisera de könsstereotyper som omgärdar manliga respektive kvinnliga självmordsbombare, samt att förstå vad dessa bottnar i och kan leda till. För att göra detta narrativanalyseras fyra svenska dagspresstidningars rapportering om olika självmordsattacker i tre olika fall: de utförda av de tamilska tigrarna på Sri Lanka, samt självmordsattackerna i Moskvas respektive Londons tunnelbanesystem. De huvudsakliga observationer som uppsatsen utmynnar i, är att kvinnliga självmordsbombare oftare än män, definieras utefter sitt kön, samtidigt som tidningarna ibland gör avsteg från könsstereotypen om ?den irrationella kvinnan? och den rationella mannen?.

In this essay I point out that the presence of  ?Otherness? plays a key role in the novel The Beach by Alex Garland, and that the text relates to a colonial literary tradition. I?ve mainly used the distinction of Otherness and cultural Representation presented by the postcolonial theorist Edward W. Said to guide me.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur normalitet och avvikelse representeras i HBOs tv-serie True Blood. Fokus ligger på hur etnicitet och sexualitet representeras. Uppsatsen frågeställning är: Hur representeras normalitet och avvikelse, med fokus på etnicitet och sexualitet, i HBOs tv-serie True Blood?  Denna har operationaliserats genom ett egenkomponerat analysschema, innehållandes olika teman som utrönts genom författarens förkunskap om tv-serien och dess handling. Metoden består av ett analysschema som använts genom en semiologisk analys samt Stuart Halls Representationsbegrepp.

TPB, The Swedish Library of Talking Books and Braille, has requested a study to investigate the organization and content of a possible future Swedish web portal for users with reading disabilities. The aim of this thesis is to conduct such a study, with an emphasis on knowledge organization. The main aspects studied are formal description, Representation, search and retrieval, document retrieval, and additionally also aspects related to content. The following questions are answered in this thesis: - How are web portals, online databases and Internet libraries for users with reading disabilities constructed, from an organization of knowledge point of view? - How can these solutions for knowledge organization be incorporated into a possible Swedish web portal? - With regards to content, which additional aspects are present in the studied web portals, online databases and Internet libraries? The questions are addressed through a detailed study of ten web portals, online databases and Internet libraries from Nordic and Anglo-American parts of the world.

The Swedish society has trough decades developed into a multicultural society. Minority groups such as Sami have been a part of the country for a long time. By being separated from the majority through culture, language etc. minorities demand the right to become independent and have the ability to practice their culture. History show that minorities all over the world have been discriminated and abused by the majorities. Democratic procedures are often advantages for the majority.