This report is a study in voltagelevel in connection with regeneration of brake energy from the tramtype M31 in Gothenburg.In the act of braking, the tram M31 uses electrical braking where the electrical motors generates energy and if possible send it back to the overheadline, where other trams in the nearby can use this regenerated energy for its own driving force. In cases where no other energyconsumers are located in the same section, there is a resistance witch task is to convert this energy into heat. The regulation of this resistance appears to cause an increase in the voltagelevel into far too high levels.Investigations of the trams regulationequipment and its construction have been done. Further have measurements on the overheadline been performed in order to map the voltagevariations during a longer period of time.The result have been showing that the voltagelevel during regeneration often is as high as 880V-920V, more extreme values have not been observed in a large scale. The values are especially high compared to the nominal voltagelevel.

The tomato is an important crop worldwide, and in recent years it has received great attention due to its rich content of carotenoids, which in studies indicate to have health benefiting properties. Many studies have been done in this area of research and in how to optimize the carotenoid content in tomatoes and tomato products. The objectives of this essay were to summarize present data in this field. The results were as follows:There are nine different carotenoids identified in tomatoes. Lycopene and ?-carotene are the ones that have been given the greatest attention.

Björnekulla Fruktindustrier AB i Åstorp vill minska kostnaderna för sin vattenförbrukning i fabriken. Det är endast en liten del av den totala vattenkonsumtionen som hamnar i slutprodukten. Majoriteten av vattnet går åt för tvättning av råvaror och maskinell utrustning. Anledningen till att kostnaderna är höga är den stora andel kommunalt vatten som fabriken köper in. För att minskaden andelen har jag undersökt två alternativ, ett eget reningsverk för återanvändning av vatten och en ny vattentäkt.

At the end of August 1999, the local government council of Malmö city decided thatthe area known as Kvarteret Bilen would be made available for the European HousingExhibition 2001 (Bo01-mässan). Kvarteret Bilen extends over approximately 80hectars and includes the western parts of the Western Harbour area (Västra hamnen)of Malmö.Kvarteret Bilen as a whole, but especially the western sections of this area, the socalledBo01 section, has been the subject of heated discussions. This is mainly due tothe fact that the ground in question has proven to be contaminated to a certain extentby different chemical compounds. Investigations undertaken during 1998 showed sporadically high concentrations forespecially one chemical group: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH).The first part of the paper describes the use of a mathematical equation (Fetter 1994)to calculate the concentration of PAH from a continuous discharge at a given time byemploying Geographical Information System (GIS). Even the constraints of theequation are discussed, as well as the consequences that follow as a result of usingGIS.The second part of the paper focuses on the connections between the content ofcarcinogenic PAH in Kvarteret Bilen and the ground water level and type of fillingmaterial.

The essay begins by asserting that the theoretical approaches of men?s violence against women are just as important to study as its extent. The purpose is therefore to analyse and compare two theoretical approaches which is done by a comparative text analysis of two texts written on the subject. The essay attempts to answer two questions; what the theoretical approaches are and how they can be understood in light of feminist theory.Previous research on men?s violence against women discuss especially three theoretical aspects.

Denna uppsats syftar till att med hja?lp av en kritisk diskursanalys studera hur invandringsfra?gan konstrueras av de journalister och politiker som medverkar i partiledardebatten som sa?ndes i Agenda i Sveriges Television info?r riksdagsvalet 2014. Det underso?ks ocksa? vilka andra a?mnen eller teman som invandringsfra?gan lyfts fram i relation till. Vidare diskuteras a?ven hur partiledardebatten svarar mot SVT ?s public service-uppdrag.?Studien utga?r fra?n tidigare forskning om den medierade politiken och grundas i teorier om politiska debatter i TV och teorier om rasism.

Den här studien grundar sig på skillnader mellan återgivning av ord, sorterade efter semantiska kategorier, i förhållanden med rent tal och maskerat tal. 32 personer deltog i studien där de först blev visuellt presenterade för en lista med 15 semantiska ord som skulle memoreras och sedan återges i fri ordning i två olika betingelser av bakgrundsljud, tal och maskerat tal. Utifrån tidigare studier utformades studiens hypoteser; vid återgivningen ökar antalet visuellt presenterade ord när bakgrundstalet maskeras av ett brus jämfört med när bakgrundstalet spelas upp utan maskering. Antalet auditivt presenterade ord som återges minskar när bakgrundstalet maskeras av ett brus jämfört med när bakgrundstalet spelas upp utan maskering. Resultaten gav stöd åt hypotesen att försökspersonerna återgav fler visuellt presenterade ord när bakgrundstalet maskerades av ett brus.

Rural development in Southeast Sweden- three different views and their consequences for the agrarian landscapeThis paper deals with the future for the rural areas of the southeast province of Östergötland, Sweden. The aim is to unveil, analyse and compare different views on rural development and their consequences for the agrarian landscape. Three views are considered, namely that of the diffeRent levels of Governments and their departments, that of the farmers and landowners and, finaly, that of the inhabitants of the rural areas.Differences in the views upon rural development is reflected in differences in the ways of thinking of landscapes. Is the open, and actively cultivated, landscape the ideal for all? Who is to decide what needs or ought to be done to achieve certain desired values and/or goals ? and who pays for it? The one thing that is, and should be, clear from the beginning is that all development, whether positive or negative in an area, bears consequences for the landscape.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka presentationer av grammatik i två läromedel i svenska som andraspråk. Grammatik har här avgränsats till att handla om ordklasser, då detta är en av de grammatiska delar som ofta ingår i grammatikundervisning. Två metoder har använts för att undersöka detta och det är textanalys och variabelanalys. Analysens resultat jämförs och tolkas utifrån teorier om grammatikens roll vid andraspråksinlärning, samt teorier om formgivning som kan främja elevernas inlärning. Studien visar att mitt ena undersökta material i högre grad fokuserar på grammatik än vad det andra gör, samt att denna lärobok också visar en koppling till processbarhetsteorin i sin presentation av grammatik.

The public interest in central living in today?s cities has led to an increasing effect of traffic noise pollution, and today 20% of the inhabitants in Sweden suffer from noise a level that exceeds the limits. At the same time the traffic keeps increasing, and recent researches shows that traffic noise pollution and several of today?s most common health issues are connected, for example, reduction of performance, sleeping issues and cardiovascular diseases. For this cause rules, guidelines and environmental goals has been developed, as well as software?s which calculates the levels of pollution, all this to investigate and improve the environment.

The study was carried out at the Kungsängen Research Centre, Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agriculture Sciences, Uppsala. The technical development in dairy production has resulted in a housing system where feeding and milking is done automatically without human contact, a so called automatic milking system. The motives for utilising an automatic milking system, is to increase the animal welfare and to decrease the need for manual labour. However, the system does involve a change for the animals, among the effects is the deprival or the diminishment of a chance for synchronous behaviour and the animals have to agree among themselves in which order they use the feeding stations and the milking unit itself. How and if this affects the animals well-being and production is yet to be solved. A possible way to form an opinion on this, is to study the animals ranking order along with hormone profiles and production. The purpose of this work was to study the effect of low- vs.

The purpose of this thesis is to determine whether the student councils at two schools really have the power to influence, or if it is a matter of mock democracy. I wanted to determine how the student councils work in reality. I conducted my investigation through personal and qualitative interviews with the board of the student council, a social studies teacher and the principle/school management at both schools. After the interviews I compared an analysed my findings. The results show that the two schools work very differently when it comes to studentdemocracy, and even have very diffeRent levels of ambition when it comes to the degree of influence that the student council should have at their respective schools.

Background: Alzheimer?s disease belongs to the largest group of dementia and stands for the half of those 37 millions persons whom are affected of dementia in the entire world. Alzheimer?s disease affects the patients with changes on their behaviour. It is important as a nurse to prevent that the symptoms increase.

The aim of this thesis is to examine the existence and prevalence of earnings management in Swedish companies. Theoretical frameworks often suggest that there are strong incentives to practice earnings management. The research area of earnings management has, to date, mainly focused on detecting earnings management. However, to our knowledge, no such studies have been conducted on Swedish companies. This thesis provides evidence of the existence and prevalence of earnings management in Swedish companies.

Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att belysa några ensemblemusikers syn på och uppfattning om det sociala samspelet i en musikensemble.Vi beskriver ensemblemusikernas syn på det sociala samspelet med utgångspunkt i åtta musikers egna berättelser utifrån de kvalitativa intervjuer vi utfört med dem. Musikerna var alla vid studiens utförande studerande vid en folkhögskola i Mellansverige.Den teoretiska utgångspunkten kan närmast knytas till ett sociokulturellt perspektiv, då en grundtanke hos oss är att människan formas och påverkas av den sociala kontext den befinner sig i. Därför var ett grundantagande inför studien att det sociala samspelet i musikensemblen är minst lika viktigt som det musikaliska.Sammanfattande kan sägas att samtliga intervjudeltagare - utöver de rent speltekniska färdigheterna - har nämnt de sociala relationerna som helt avgörande för hur samspelet i gruppen skall fungera. I studien växte fyra begrepp fram som utgjorde överordnade kategorier för hur vi sedan diskuterade våra resultat. Dessa fyra begrepp var individens personlighet, gruppmedlemmarnas erfarenheter, de omständigheter som gruppen befinner sig i samt de värderingar som finns inom gruppen..