Qatar är ett ekonomiskt välmående land, med ett starkt auktoritärt politiskt system. Landet är därför ett avvikande fall ur moderniseringsteorin, som menar att ekonomiskt välmående leder till demokrati. Vi börjar med att förklara varför Qatar avviker från moderniseringsteorin, och fortsätter sedan med att pröva ett antal teorier och perspektiv, för att se om dessa bättre förklarar frånvaron av demokrati i landet. Följande teorier och ämnesområden diskuteras: politisk kultur och civilt samhälle, islams inverkan, sultanism, aktörsteoretiska perspektiv, rational choice, och slutligen oljans inverkan på Qatar. Två företeelser talar för demokratins frånvaro, islams starka närvaro i kulturen och politiken, samt landets ekonomiska beroende av oljeintäkter.

By comparing the experience off interaction in a life world with a drug habit and a life world without a drug habit you might find how they differ. We asked four former drug abusers in four semi structured interviews to describe their experiences off interaction under these two circumstances. The difference between the two life worlds when it comes to interaction is that in the drug abusing life world our informants describe that communicative action has to stand back for a more goal oriented action. In the drug free life world, communicative action on the other hand is experienced as the most important action. The difference is about wether interaction is goal oriented or oriented at understanding.

The purpose of this thesis is to find out if principals and teachers have experience, expectations and thoughts about the differences that the new Education Act means in relation to the old one about action programme. Through qualitative interviews with two principals and four teachers, I have tried to answer my research questions that I have made based on the purpose. The questions are: How do the interviewees describe the routines about action programme?  Has, according to the interviewees, the routines been changed with the new Education Act? How do teachers and principals experience the differences between the old and new Education Act regarding the action programmes?The results of my survey shows that the process of action programme is different at different schools and that it has been adapted to the new Education Act in varying degrees. These results give differences in the experiences of the new directives.

Two different claim relations arises with a damage covered by a liability insurance. The first claim relation is of course the one between the claimant and the liable as a claim for damages. The other claim relation arises between the liable in his capacity of insured and his insurer as a claim for compensation under the liability insurance. There is a tight connection between the two claim relations because of the fact that it is the claimant?s claim for damages that gives rise to the claim for insurance compensation.

The study explores collective action in Sweden between 1980 to 1995 using time-series data from the European Protest and Coercion Database. In spite of severe hardship during the crisis of the early 1990s, Swedish strike-rates declined. However, contention merely shifted from workplaces into the streets; there was indeed a protest movement against austerity, as shown by a series of large demonstrations, and some riots, between 1989 and 1993. Further analysis indicates this movement faded as it was increasingly chanelled into the electoral campaign of the labor pary; having won the 1994 election, the organised labor movement no longer had an interest in sustaining the protest movement against austerity..

The purpose of this thesis is to find out if principals and teachers have experience, expectations and thoughts about the differences that the new Education Act means in relation to the old one about action programme. Through qualitative interviews with two principals and four teachers, I have tried to answer my research questions that I have made based on the purpose. The questions are: How do the interviewees describe the routines about action programme?  Has, according to the interviewees, the routines been changed with the new Education Act? How do teachers and principals experience the differences between the old and new Education Act regarding the action programmes?The results of my survey shows that the process of action programme is different at different schools and that it has been adapted to the new Education Act in varying degrees. These results give differences in the experiences of the new directives.

Since the 1950s new laws on higher education have led to a ?mass education phenomenon? in Sweden. This has led to a surplus of people with a university degree measured against available positions on the labor market. As a result of that development it must be assumed that in this over qualified society it is not anymore the degree but additional factors which are decisive for getting a job. In this respect the importance of the class background for getting a jobb that is equal to once level of education shall beexamined.The research was carried out by means of a Quantitative Analysis based on data from anational database called Undersökningar av Levnadsförhållanden (Survey of LivingConditions).

As organizations are generating more business intelligence in their systems, more employees need access those systems. As a result some sort of permission management needs to be implemented to ensure the information remain safe. Access Control Matrix (ACM) is one way of managing permissions and is widely used among organizations. The issues that comes with ACM is that the matrix itself gets difficult to manage and overview as its complexity increases with the number of permissions. The study utilizes Action Design Research to develop a tool for visualizing permissions.

This thesis aims to examine the possibility of understanding social change by using new institutionalism approaches on a specific case, The case, which describes the implementation of new public management reform in the Swedish health care system, is analysed from two separate new institutionalismperspectives; the tool perspective and the symbol perspective. These approaches differ from one another in the sense that the first relies on a rational choice ontology, while the latter rather refers to a sociological tradition. In the analysis, causal explanations as well as aim related explanations are presented. Formative moments such as economic stagnation, non-socialist governments and ideological isomorfism are presented as important factors behind the reformation. By using the tool perspective, the motives of the idea spreading and reformation of the Swedish health care system, are connected to a strictly rationalbasis such as cost efficiency and quality improvements.

The European Union's work on equal opportunities for women and men can be described historically in three eras; equal treatment, positive action and, most recently, the gender perspective. In accordance with the latter, gender mainstreaming is the latest method in dealing with these issues. Its aim is the implementation of the gender perspective in all policy processes and to challenge the male norm that permeates all decision making. EU:s work on equal opportunities, though, persists not only of gender mainstreaming but has a double approach also including special actions.This thesis bases its argumentation on discourse analysis of communications from the Commission regarding employment and social affairs. It argues that the two components of the double approach; gender mainstreaming and special actions, are incompatible and even becomes contra productive put together.

In the current situation in the housing market and in particular the inner city much attention is directed towards achieved prices per square meter in sales. The indicator is as a principle an appropriate measure of the housing market?s health and development, and can to some extent be used to make approximations of the general economic health status of municipalities and counties. It occurs occasionally that questions about whether prices are based on fundamentals at all times.The thesis questions that very issue, not from a macro accompanying financial perspective but rather from a microeconomic perspective, where each tenant ownership in the study is a micro-object. Are the observed prices per square meter rational relative to housing cooperative?s assets or is there a lack in the observed prices anchoring the respective association's finances.

Konfliktrelaterat sexuellt våld är ett fenomen som fått stor internationell uppmärksamhet under de senaste två decennierna. Det har talats om passiva och sårbara kvinnor som brutalt våldtagits av uniformklädda män. I realiteten drabbas dock även män och pojkar av sexuellt våld och våldtäkt, likväl gör sig kvinnor och flickor skyldiga till sexuella övergrepp i konflikter. UN Action är det internationella organ som FN använder för att kordinera sitt arbete mot konfliktrelaterat sexuellt våld och denna uppsats syftar till att analysera UN Action:s diskursiva representationer av förövarna och offren. Dessa representationer diskuteras mot bakgrund av tidigare forskning som har dekonstruerat de hegemoniska representationerna av det konfliktrelaterade sexuella våldets förövare (män) och offren (kvinnor), samt påvisat andra kontignenta diskursiva representationer; så som ?män och pojkar som offer? samt ?kvinnor och flickor som förövare?.

The purpose of this report has been to develop an administrative web interface. The web interface is to be used by the company Zidango and it is going to make it easier for them in their daily work of running a web portal. The interface had to be developed so it would fit in Zidangos web portal. This meant the work had to be done in the framwork Struts and mostly in JAVA. Thereforeis a shorter theory chapter included in the report that discusses frameworks.

AbstractIII-essay in political science by Christoffer Harnell, autumn -08. Supervisor: Malin Stegman-McCallion. ?Nuclear Disarmament - USA and the Soviet Union 1960-2002? This essay is about USA and the former Soviet Union and their nuclear disarmament. The purpose is to explain why and when the two states begun their nuclear disarmament, as well as what caused the start of the process.

The aim of the present paper was to see why a recommended course of action is not always followed in the way it is supposed to. The paper deals with a new method (SFA-metoden) used by The Social Insurance Agency in working with sick-listed people. Aspects that are elaborated on are local effects of the method at its introduction, case managers work conditions, and control of the implementation of the method. Two different methods of investigation have been employed. On the one hand, previous reports on the method have been analysed, and, on the other hand, two focus groups interviews, one consisting of case managers´ working with the method, and one constituted by their supervisors have been carried out.The results have been analysed in accordance with, on the one hand, the theory of street level bureaucrats and, on the other hand, certain concepts applied in the new institutionalism.