I media diskuteras ofta bristen pÄ kapital till smÄ och nystartade företag. Banker anses försiktiga eller ovilliga att lÄna ut kapital till företag som befinner sig i ett tidigt skede eftersom det innebÀr ett högre risktagande. SmÄföretagande Àr det vanligaste sÀttet att bedriva nÀringsverksamhet i Sverige vilket gör att bankerna inte kan bortse frÄn denna viktiga kundgrupp.Syftet med denna uppsats Àr att förklara vilka faktorer som pÄverkar bankers kreditgivning och uppföljning till smÄ nystartade företag.Uppsatsen bygger pÄ en deduktiv metod med en kvalitativ undersökning. Empirin har samlats in genom intervjuer med representanter frÄn fyra olika banker. Anledningen till att intervjuerna genomfördes med olika banker var att kunna pÄvisa vilka faktorer som pÄverkar deras kreditgivnings- och uppföljningsprocess.

Syftet med denna uppsats Àr att undersöka hur ungdomarna med utlÀndsk bakgrund upplever sin arbetslöshet, hur arbetslösheten pÄverkar deras identitet och livsvillkor samt vilken inverkan det sociala nÀtverket har pÄ deras arbetssökning. Eftersom syftet med studien var att generera kunskap baserad pÄ ungdomars subjektiva erfarenheter valdes en kvalitativ metod intervjuer med sex arbetslösa unga invandrare i Äldern 20 till 30 Är. Syftet med denna metodstrategi var att via en temainriktad intervjuguide möjliggöra en ingÄende detaljbeskrivning av ungdomarnas identitetsupplevelser i olika sociala kontexter, samt att undersöka hur respondenternas livsvillkor och identitet pÄverkades av att vara arbetslösa och arbetssökande. Samtidigt utforskades andra förhÄllanden som syftade till att se hur respondenternas bakgrund pÄverkade deras förmÄga att komma in pÄ arbetsmarknaden, och vilka förvÀntningar respondenterna hade om framtiden pÄ den svenska arbetsmarknaden.Empirin analyserades mot bakgrund av mitt metodologiska tillvÀgagÄngssÀtt samt mina teoretiska teorier som har sin utgÄng i bl.a. Bourdieus begrepp om olika kapital, formella och informella kanaler, etnicitet samt stigmateorier.

Introduction: More and more children and young people get the diagnosis celiac disease established. Celiac is a life-long disease, which means that the child during the rest of its life has to be on a strictly gluten-free diet. There are few studies so far, which have examined how children having a life-long disease with food treatment and increasing prevalence really experience their health related quality of life (HRQoL).Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine how children (8 ? 18 years old) suffering from celiac valued their HRQoL and to illustrate as well whether the age of the child and its extent of disease when it was taken ill affected the child?s evaluation of HRQoL later in life. The purpose was also to compare whether the children?s parents valued the HRQoL of their children to the same extent as the children did.Method: 160 children, 54 boys and 102 girls were included in the study.

Under 1990-talet kom Kaplan och Norton fram med styrningsfilosofin balanserat styrkort som innebÀr att managers uppmanas att inte enbart ta hÀnsyn till finansiella mÄtt utan bör anvÀnda sig av bÄde finansiella och icke-finansiella mÄtt för att kunna styra företag. Det hÀr konceptet med balanserat styrkort har sedan det togs fram utvecklas och i början av 2000-talet finns den tredje versionen av balanserat styrkort som tillsammans med avancerad teknologi bildar konceptet business performance management. Det innebÀr att den information som ligger till grund för de rapporter som bestÄr av finansiella och icke-finansiella mÄtt hÀmtas frÄn en central databas i det verksamhetsöverskridande business performance management systemet. En anledning till det Àr att business performance management knyter samman balanserat styrkort med avancerad teknologi som möjliggör att managers dÀrmed har möjlighet att fÄ tillgÄng till en gemensam version av verkligheten, det vill sÀga en gemensam mental bild hur företaget presterar. Dessutom möjliggör den avancerade teknologin att managers oavsett om beslut tas som Àr strategiska, taktiska eller operativa att de har tillgÄng till den information som beslutsunderlagen baseras pÄ i rÀtt tid.Den information som beslutsunderlagen baseras pÄ mÄste bestÄ av en tillfredstÀllande god kvalitet för att möjliggöra att managers tar korrekta och optimala beslut.

Background: The real estate market has previously been subsidized by the government. The construction has been characterized by standardization and large scale complex. In the current situation there are other conditions on the real estate market, subsidies do not occur at the same degree and the market is more competitive. Customer influence has also changed. Today the customers want to customize their apartment by personal needs and lifestyle.

Biogas is a gaseous fuel, rich in methane, produced through a biological route in an anaerobic digester. A gas engine generates combined heat and power, which can be used at the farm to reduce energy cost. The process also generates a digestate, with better utilization of nutrient compared to cattle manure. The aim of this study is to analyze the profitability of a farm-scale biogas plant for combined heat and power (CHP) at Wapnö. Wapnö is an agriculture company located in the southern part of Sweden.

Australia is one of the largest producers and consumers of fossil fuels in the world. In a society where the effects of fossil fuels on global warming are constantly discussed, the nation?s production and consumption are subject to debate. Problems arise when negative aspects of consumption, such as emissions of greenhouse gases, are put in relation to an increased need of energy and economic growth. However, it is important to distinguish between different types of fossil fuels when it comes to their individual impact on the environment and to analyze the possibilities to increase the more environmental friendly ones.

People have used forest resources in northern Sweden for different purposes. Before the 20th century the forest was used for many different reasons, but during the past 200 years it has become an industrial raw material. The presence of people in the forest has left different kinds of traces in the forests. One example is culturally modified trees (CMTŽs). The aim of this study was to study and document how people have used the forest resources during the last centuries in BrÀnnlidens nature reserve, and what kind of traces this land use has left.

The purpose of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of teacherÂŽs motives to engage in outdoor education in their teaching. A qualitative approach through interviews was used and a total of eight teachers were interviewed. The result showed that there were several motives to engage in outdoor education. These motives were divided into three main categories which were: to engage in outdoor education from teacher`s interest, to engage in outdoor education based on teacher`s perceptions of children's needs and to engage in outdoor education based on external factors..

Pica is a behavior that can be seen in several animal groups. In cats, it means that they are eating, chewing or licking on material that is non-food. In this study the data was collected through an online survey. In total 522 responses, of which 26% of the cats were exhibiting pica. It was found that 28% of the housecats and 26% of purebred cats exhibited pica.

Our purpose with this research is to highlight that there is a scope for increased value creation in the experience room during concerts, and how value-enhancing strategies can be a competitive advantage for different venues. In our investigation of this we have worded the following research question: How is the perceived customer value affected during a concert in the experience room and its physical environment? With the background in this question we have identified three key concepts that we believe are the influence of the total concert experience which are; sensory experiences, interaction and identity. From these concepts we have drafted a number of propositions to test the reality by our empirical data collection. .

In today's society there are a lot of offers towards consumers, where they actively have to choose the most appealing offer. In order for an offer to be attractive it must add value in line with the customers demand. Also, it requires that the offer provides a sufficient level of attraction so that the customer selects the particular product/service over another. Furthermore, each offer must exceed the expectations of the visitors to an event, so they feel that the event is something "extraordinary". We have chosen to study how LHC (Linkoping Hockey Club) works with marketing in order to improve the overall customer experience.

As a student during my studies, I have been told about entrepreneurs who have red numbers in their financial statements, and there is a forest machine operator shortage in Sweden. The basic idea of this thesis was to examine the underlying factors that may have caused the problems described above. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the factors that create stress and job satisfaction as a forest machine operator. The study was performed as a comparison between forest companies own harvesting teams and entrepreneur teams to investigate if there are any differences in stress and job satisfaction between the two different types of team. The study was conducted in collaboration with SCA Skog. The material for this study was collected by doing interviews with SCA's harvesting teams. A total of 27 forest machine operators were interviewed, divided into a total of 10 separate harvesting teams. It was very similar between the different type of teams, which situations the operators experienced stress.

Jag förutsÀtter att den mÀnskliga populationen kommer att minska pÄ mycket lÄng sikt, nÄgot som mÄnga populationsekonomer hÄller med om. De största hoten mot ekonomisk tillvÀxt vid minskad population finner jag vara de demografiska förÀndringarna och fÀrre teknologiska innovationer. Genom att granska de endogena tillvÀxtmodellerna och empiriska undersökningar kommer jag fram till att det med största sannolikhet kommer att ske en ekonomisk tillvÀxt vid en minskad population. Detta kommer att ske genom teknologisk utveckling, ackumulation av kapital och framförallt genom ackumulation av humankapital..

The introduced lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) occupies more than 650 000 hectares in Sweden. There are some differences between lodgepole pine and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) forests which could affect bird assemblages, for example differences in canopy density and ground vegetation. Birds were surveyed in 14 localities in northern Sweden, each characterized by one middle-aged stand of lodgepole pine next to a stand of Scots pine. The two paired stands in each locality were planted by the forestry company SCA at the same time and in similar environment to evaluate the potential of lodgepole pine in Sweden. In those 14 localities, one to three point count stations were established in both the lodgepole pine and the Scots pine stand, depending on the size of the area.