The aim of this thesis was to answer a number of questions about the environmental consequences of aircraft de-icing. A further aim was to suggest how the environmental consequences due to the release of de-icing fluids can be measured and reduced.The main impact of the aircraft de-icing on the environment is due to the large oxygen demand for the degradation of glycol based de-icing fluids which are released in the environment. The effect of the increase in oxygen demand depends on where the degradation occurs in the ecosystem. In a sensitive ecosystem, the large demand of oxygen could provide an anaerobic environment which would be harmful for many types of organisms.In order to reduce the negative effects of the applied de-icing fluid, there is some type of collection system at every regular airport in Sweden. The methods of collection can be divided into two general groups, hydrological isolation or vacuum sweeper trucks.

This is an essay in Swedish on the subject of democracy and demonstrations of collective violence. The study is based on a conflict between the youth-house movement in Copenhagen and the state of Denmark - the city of Copenhagen. The focus is over the period December 2006 until January 2008 with reflection on the political movement around the youth-house from the 80's and onwards. This political movement roots back to the late 60's and especially the squatting movement, the BZ, of Europe which had a strong period in Denmark both in the 60's and the 80's. There is also a strong connection to other political movements of anti-fascism, anti-globalisation, queer activism and equal rights.

This thesis examines the organization Empower and their members, who consist of sex working women in Thailand. The purpose is to explore the more liberal point of view of prostitution and how the female members perceive Empower. Furthermore the study investigates if the organization can improve the sex workers empowerment. The study also delineates how these women reflect on their professional role as a sex working woman and whether the women relate to feminine discourses. The study is implemented in Chiang Mai, Thailand during the fall of the year 2010 and is based on qualitative methods like interview, focus group, observations and text analysis.

Manliga sjuksköterskor är en minoritet såväl som en anomali. En allmänt utbredd föreställning existerar om behovet av ett större antal män inom vården. Vårt syfte är att studera konstruktion av maskuliniteter hos sjuksköterskor i vården. Vi vill även söka efter vilka hinder, strategier och möjligheter som finns i skärningspunkten mellan maskuliniteter och vård. Denna studie är en litteraturstudie baserad på 16 artiklar vilka söktes fram genom PubMed och CINAHL.

European Union has made a new decision that all new built houses by 2020 shallbe near-zero energy houses. Boverket?s definition of near-zero energy housesintends buildings with good energy performance in which a proportion of theamount of energy that must be added to the building is made of renewable energy.Passive House is a set of requirements from FEBY designed to build energyefficient buildings. This is achieved by reducing loss of heat through the buildingenvelope and to take advantage of the passive heat from solar radiation,installation and heat sources like people living in the house.This project has been made with help of Anebyhus and one of their model houseshave been examined from the report?s issues, including Anebyhus?s energyperformance, requirements for the manufacturing and assembly, how theenvelope must be improved to fulfill the requirements for the Passive House andwhat energy calculation programs are available on the market.The report aims to provide solutions for energy efficient houses that are adaptedfor production of house building.Two visits to Anebyhus has been done to study their manufacture and assemblyof building elements.

The purpose of this study is to examine discourses about norms and norm criticism regarding sex/gender and sexuality in preschool teachers? and nursery nurses? speech using a post-structuralist perspective. My two research questions are:How do the educators describe norms in general and norms about sex/gender and sexuality in relation to their work?How do the educators describe their work with norm criticism in relation to norms about sex/gender and sexuality?The theoretical base of this thesis is feminist post-structuralism and queer theory. Qualitative interviews were used as method to gather material and then a form of discourse analysis was made based on the transcribed interviews.

I denna studie har jag valt att analysera två svenska ungdomsfilmer som behandlar ett ämne som är högst aktuellt i dagens samhälleliga debatt; hur unga kvinnor skuldbeläggs av sin omgivning efter att ha blivit utsatta för sexuella övergrepp, trakasserier eller våldtäkt. Mitt syfte är att undersöka konstruerandet av könsidentiteter i de två svenska ungdomsfilmerna ?Hip Hip hora? och ?Säg att du älskar mig? som båda använts i utbildningssyfte i svenska skolor. Vidare vill jag undersöka hur konstruktionen av kön samverkar med skapandet av sexualitet, ras/etnicitet och klass i de två filmerna. För att undersöka detta har jag använt mig av en kvalitativ metod; narrationsanalys.

The aim of this paper is to investigate dominant beliefs and approaches to the "cultural entrepreneur" both within a public context, and also among business owners within the cultural field. What happens when ideas and attitudes in the public sector towards culture driven businesses meets the perspective of individual cultural entrepreneurs?This study is based on analysis of political documents about the cultural and creative industries (CCI) from the European union, national level and regional level. Interviews with six business owners in the field of culture and one representative of the Swedish region with the fictive name ?Alma? has been conducted.

The purpose of this study is to find out which attitudes, norms and values exists about lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) families in preschools. Based on five qualitative interviews with teachers that work at a LGBT-certified preschool and one that is active in their work with norm critical pedagogy. To be able to fulfil my purpose of this study I concentrated on why these teachers believed that it was of importance to counter society?s heteronormativity, to prevent discrimination and mistreatments towards children and their LGBT parents in preschool. I wanted to find out what the teachers thoughts were on the concept of what a family is and how the diversity of families is shown in the preschools material and pedagogy.When I analysed the results of my qualitative interviews I used queer theories that include heteronormativity and norm critical pedagogy.

The main purpose of this two year master´s thesis is to study patterns, structures and relations within gender studies when combined with Library and Information Science(LIS). Further aims are to determine the character of student work considering, occurrence, gender and main theme, to study the progress of the intellectual base of gender studies within LIS and to evaluate the use of bibliometrics as a tool for researching the development of a discipline. To achieve these aims, a bibliometric study using both publication analysis and citation analysis, is carried out. The studied material contains student work, specifically focused on gender, from the Swedish School of Library and Information Science (SSLIS) from 1985?2012.

Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) has for many years been used in products to reduce their flammability, mainly in electronic products, textiles and construction materials. In 2003, Sweden imported 300 tons of brominated flame retardants. Leakage of these compounds has polluted natural environments. Fishes has shown increased contents of these substances, especially fat fish, since brominated flame retardants tends to accumulate in fatty tissues. They are also regarded as persistent and that gives them the ability to travel long distances. What also is really scary is that increased levels of brominated flame retardants have been detected in human breast milk. The knowledge of the brominated flame retardants is limited and not so much research has been done in this field. There are many reasons though, to keep the research going. Partly their structural resemblance to well-known toxics as PCB, but also their ability to accumulate in biological systems and enrich in food chains. In which way they affect humans we really don?t know yet.

Den beräknad mängd energi en byggnad gör av med på ett år visar huruvida den bidrar till ett hållbart samhälle eller inte. AB Gavlegårdarna arbetar inte enbart med att projektera fram förslag till lösningar för framtidens bostäder utan riktar även in sig på sitt nuvarande bestånd när det kommer till energianvändning i flerbostadshus. Gävle Strand Etapp 1 stod klart 2008 med ett bestånd av tolv byggnader som är gestaltade på fyra olika sätt. Alla med olika förutsättningar där främst brukarnas beteende såsom förbrukad mängd tappvarmvatten och hushållsel varierar kraftigt.Under projekteringsfasen anlitades en konsult för att beräkna den köpta energin som dessa bostäder skulle använda och kom fram till en energianvändning på 92 kWh/m2,år. Gavlegårdarnas egna beräkningar som utgick ifrån de verkliga värden som uppmättes för varje lägenhet visade i september 2009 ett medelvärde för hela beståndet som låg på 114 kWh/m2,år.AB Gavlegårdarna vill gå till botten med de problem och den extra kostnad som Gävle Strand Etapp 1 har gett upphov till genom ökad energianvändning, vilket medför att de vill utföra exakta beräkningar på varje byggnads energianvändning.

Low stumps represent on their own up to 80% of the dead wood remaining on clear cuts and therefore supply suitable habitat for saproxylic insects i.e. insects depending on dead wood for their survival. Recent stump harvesting activities threaten this substrate of ecological importance and increase the anthropogenic negative impacts on these species. Because of technical and environmental reasons (nutrient leakage, erosion) guidelines for stump harvesting recommend to retain stumps standing in wet parts of clear cuts. However, stumps in wet positions might not be a satisfactory substrate for saproxylic insects and therefore might not be as much used as stumps in dry positions.

Studien är genomförd på Ingseredsstiftelsen, vilken finns i Stadsmissionens regi sedan 1988. Ingseredsstiftelsen är ett boende för missbrukare och personer med psykisk ohälsa och tar emot män och kvinnor mellan 20-65 år. Man kan få en plats på boendet genom Lagen om rättspsykiatrisk vård (LRV), Lagen om psykiatrisk tvångsvård (LPT), Lagen om vård av unga (LVU), Lagen om vård av missbrukare (LVM) och Socialtjänstlagen (SoL). Fem av de anställda på boendet arbetar som kontaktpersoner vilka har som huvuduppgifter att följa socialsekreterarens arbetsplan och att göra en genomförandeplan utifrån denna. De ska också ta kontakt med olika myndigheter, hitta anhöriga men också se till att de boendes självförtroende ökar.Studien är kvalitativ och består av totalt åtta intervjuer med boende och personal samt två deltagande observationer.

Jag har genomfört en undersökning av två ungdomsromaner, Det händer nu och Regn och åska, där huvudtemat är icke-heterosexuell kärlek. Min metod kommer från den systematiska funktionella grammatiken, och jag har valt att undersöka processer och presuppositioner. I processanalysen tittade jag på de kapitel där personerna interagerar sexuellt och/eller för relationen framåt, och då på de processer där någon av dem alternativt båda är förstadeltagare. När någon av dem, båda eller fragment av dem är andradeltagare har jag även tagit med andradeltagarna i resultatet för att se om de utsätter varandra för olika handlingar. I analysen av presuppositionerna har jag tittat på de presuppositioner som säger något om inställningen till huvudpersonen och dess partners kärleksrelation.