Urininkontinens är beskriven som en dold sjukdom. Mer än 50 miljoner människor i världen är drabbade av detta tillstånd. Urininkontinens leder till försämrad livskvalitet. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att belysa kvinnors livskvalitet i samband med urininkontinens. En litteraturstudie med kvalitativ ansats har utförts.

Background: Children?s death is unexpected and unnatural irrespective of a long time of illness or a sudden death. Nurses working with palliative care of children experience a range of different emotions during the care. Palliative care is health promoting even though the purpose no longer is to cure. According to the nursing theorist Katie Eriksson health is possible to achieve even though the patient has got a deadly disease.

The purpose of this paper is to test a procedure that would be useful for a certain, more final purpose. Assume that you want to know if the differences in the result of a certain effort in health care have any connection with differences between the life situations of the patients. This would be easier to investigate if the life situations of the patients had connection to the easily available variable Health Care Cost (in Swedish VK). In that case the searching for connections between VK of patient groups and the result of health care efforts would be sufficient to gain knowledge of possible connection between health care efforts and life situations. Thus that is the final purpose.

This essay discusses the subjective observations and opinions on the Swedish concept of stegintegrering, a form of mixed grade education in the subject modern languages at upper secondary level. I interviewed two headmasters, four teachers and conducted an online survey with 39 pupils in order to find out what effects the concept of stegintegrering has on teaching and learning from a teacher and pupil perspective. Due to the extent of this essay no general conclusions can be made but certain connections could be found. For once there was a connection between group size and the possibility of teaching each group separately during one lesson per week and the attitude of the concerned teachers and pupils towards stegintegrering. While both headmasters and teachers claimed that the cooperation between pupils across all levels was the main purpose of stegintegrering as it helps their learning and understanding, my study showed that many pupils did not really want to cooperate and that teachers often find it hard to construct tasks that stimulate every group.

Rabbits, Oryctolagos cuniculus, rapidly increases as pets. During the right circumstances, rabbits are friendly, social and playful. A rabbit who shows an abnormal behavior should always be examined by a veterinary, though there is almost always a medical problem. This essay is a result of a literature studie with the aim to find the prophylactic measures that may give pet rabbits a more healthy life. Rabbits have got a lot of common health problems, including dental, skin and gastrointestinal problems.

During the last decade a number of studies have been published that investigate how the most fundamental aspect of political organization, the regime type, affects population health. The results unanimously show that citizens of democracies live longer and healthier lives than citizens of non-democracies. Many explanations for this have been suggested, among these are that democracies redistribute more and invest more in salutogenic resources, and that the tendency of dictatorships to control the media negatively affects the ability to spread information crucial to public health. When these mechanisms are controlled for, however, it turns out that democracy has a large residual correlation with for example life expectancy, which suggests that other mechanisms are also involved.In this paper two new mechanisms regarding the possible psychosocially mediated health effects of the regime type are investigated, namely political repression, and the possible negative effects this might have on the levels of chronic stress, and autonomy, which connects to a large previous literature in social epidemiology. In the paper an ecological cross-country design is used and country-level data, provided mainly by the World Bank and Freedom House, is analyzed with a simple multiple OLS-regression model.

The conservation of great apes faces many challenges, one of which is the threat of infectious disease outbreaks. Zoonotic transmission of respiratory diseases from humans to wild great apes has recently been confirmed. Since respiratory disease is one of the major causes of death in both gorillas and chimpanzees, this gives reason for major concern. Little is known about the risks of disease transmission from humans to great apes in natural environments, and there is a need for systematic risk evaluation. Researchers, conservation staff and tourists spend time in very close proximity of wild great apes, sometimes during long time periods, which poses a potential risk of disease spillover. However, the presence of researchers and tourists has been shown to decrease the risk of poaching, making the matter increasingly complex.

Bakgrund. Under historiens gång har sjukdomar varit förknippade med rädsla och fördomar, HIV/AIDS är i nuläget den mest ökande smittsamma sjukdomen som har associationer med fördomar och skam. Detta ställer stora krav på vårdarens syn på HIV/AIDS och att kunna ge trygg vård som grundar sig på teoretisk och praktisk kunskap. Syftet. Syftet med denna Litteraturstudie är att fördjupa förståelsen för vårdarens känslor i mötet med personer smittade med HIV/AIDS och att undersöka orsaker till dessa känslor.

The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is a special unit for patients who is in the need for emergency life-sustaining measures and every patient has complex medical- technical equipment. The experiences of a critical illness and the needs of critical care are experienced in different ways. The purpose of this study was to describe the experiences from patients in the ICU and how this experience has an influence on the patients. The method was a study of literature with a qualitative inception based on eight scientific articles and the analysis of content has been inspired by Graneheim and Lundman (2003). The result of the study is presented by four categories: to loose the ability to make themselves understood, to be forced to adjust to the environment of caring, to have the lack of connection with reality and to be in an intensive care environment, The results showed that patients in the ICU are affected by the attitude from the staff, the equipment around them as well as the sounds and lights in the environment there.

Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka elevers syn på undervisning och lärande. Undersökningen visar vad elever tycker är bra lektioner och när de tycker att de lär sig bäst, samt undersökt detta i relation till skolans styrdokument. Anledningen till detta är att skolans läroplan tillsammans med Skolverkets Allmänna råd ger lärare råd om hur de bör planera och genomföra undervisning för att nå bästa resultat med våra elever.Undersökningen är kvantitativ i form av en enkätundersökning som genomförts som totalundersökning på en gymnasieskola i en mindre kommun i Sverige. Enkäten består av påståenden om undervisning och lärande och är konstruerad utifrån en begreppsdefinition som bygger på svensk skolas styrdokument och aktuell forskning.Resultaten visar att elever lyfter fram tydlighet och relationer som viktigast för god undervisning och effektivt lärande. Undervisningsmetoder framstår som minst viktiga.

Growing old should be the golden years of your life, being able to do whatever you want to do. Instead these years are often combined with both physical and psychological illness. Neither the body or mind are what they once were. It has been shown through empirical studies that many elderly people don?t have any social support at all.

Growing old should be the golden years of your life, being able to do whatever you want to do. Instead these years are often combined with both physical and psychological illness. Neither the body or mind are what they once were. It has been shown through empirical studies that many elderly people don?t have any social support at all.

The aim of this Master?s thesis is to examine and understand how teachers of younger children view the concept of critical evaluation of information and how their interpretations of the concept relate to their teaching. The need for the development of children?s ability to critically evaluate has been emphasized through research as well as the need for collaboration between teachers and librarians in order to help pupil?s process information into knowledgeThe study has a socio-cultural perspective and the material was collected through observations and qualitative interviews with teachers. The results of the study indicate that many teachers experience uncertainty when it comes to the area of critical evaluation and that they do not teach the subject to any substantial extent.

This study was about how pupils described their school situation with special education. The specific focus was on pupils which are described as ?troubled pupils?, unconcentrated pupils?, pupils in social and emotional difficulties or characterised by similar concepts. The study was based on a sociocultural perspective and an interactional perspective. The empirical material consisted of interviews with eight pupils in age between 9 to 12 years old and who had special education.

Bakgrund: Cirka 3-4 % av Sveriges befolkning är diagnostiserade med diabetes. Detta är en siffra som kommer att öka inom en relativt snar framtid. Diabetes är dock en sjukdom som kan förebyggas med hjälp av information. När diagnosen är ett faktum kan symtomen dämpas, och här har sjuksköterskan en mycket viktig uppgift. Hur sjuksköterskan beter sig i mötet med personen med diabetes är avgörande för hur väl egenvården fungerar.