Befolkningen blir äldre samtidigt som övervikt och fetma i alla åldersgrupper ökar. Detta bidrar till sjukdomar och kostnader. Tidigare forskning är bristfällig inom området. Syftet var att undersöka hur fysisk aktivitet och fysisk rörelseförmåga är relaterad till fetma bland äldre (?65) i Västmanland samt hälsoutfall som BMI är förknippade med.

ABSTRACTBackground: Most cases of lumbar disc herniation are asymptomatic. When symptomatic, LDH may cause a significant physical and mental distress. Initially, most patients are treated conservative but sometimes operations may be required.Aim: The aim of this study was to provide a review of the scientific basis of physiotherapy, including behavioural therapy, as a treatment to lumbar disc herniation regarding pain, function and the size of disc herniation in people suffering from lumbar disc herniation.Method: Four databases were used in the searches of literature. Assessment of the validity of the studies was done with the PEDro-scale and valuation of evidence rate was made according to guidelines made by the Swedish Council on Health Technology Assessment (SBU).Result: Nine RCT-studies were included with a total of 713 participants. The scientific basis is moderate to support a pain reduction and limited regarding improvement of physical function when it comes to physical exercises, including MDT.

AbstractA useful tool for companies to use in their differentiation process is proposed to be employee branding. Employee branding is developed and put forth by the management with the main task to formulate the brands vision and values, and communicate them to the employees. To promote the employee engagement and their relationship with the company, corporate storytelling can be applied, with is an internal communication that strengthens the internal rumour and values that represent the brand. Since engagement and motivation is important factors when creating a strong employee brand, there is a need for further research on how corporate storytelling is used by companies to influence employee engagement and motivation, as corporate storytelling leads to deeper commitment among employees.PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore how companies use corporate storytelling to influence their employee branding.MethodologyThe authors conducted a qualitative case study on how the retail organization Boomerang. The empirical material was collected thru semi-structured interviews with Boomerangs management and employees.ConclusionThe conclusion shows that the employees prefers when corporate storytelling and various communication is put in context, this because it?s easier for the employees to understand.

From underwater boat to submarine ? The development of the Swedish submarine service 1945-1960 The scope of this essay is the development of the Swedish submarine service during the period 1945-1960. The aim is to answer the following questions:- What kind of new technology did Sweden acquire when salvaging the German type XXI submarine off Gothenburg at the end of World War II?- In what respect did this technology differ from that of the Royal Swedish Navy and did it subsequently contribute to the tactical and operational development?- What tactical and operational development was accomplished between 1945-1960?The timeframe, 1945-1960, was chosen since this is when the analysis of the salvaged type XXI submarine and related effects was conducted. Furthermore, it is also during this time that the Swedish submarine service is beginning to evolve as a result of the new knowledge mentioned above and the experiences made by both the allies and the Germans during World War II.The theoretical framework primarily refers to the theories on naval warfare by Sir Julian Corbett.

Begreppet EBO har sedan 1991 gradvis växt fram som ett viktigt och centralt begrepp kopplat tillgenomförandet av operationer. Senaste exemplet är Operation Iraqi Freedom som började 2003 därförespråkarna anser att det fanns ett effektbaserat tankesätt från koalitionens sida i genomförandet. Detfinns dock många olika beskrivningar av vad begreppet egentligen innebär vilket gör att man kan diskuteraförekomsten av det effektbaserade tankesättet i en operation.Syftet med denna uppsats är att ge ett perspektiv på effektbaserade operationer samt att ge en fördjupadbeskrivning av uttrycket genom att ta fram kriterier som kan användas för att påvisa förekomsten avtankesättet i en specifik operation.Uppgiften besvaras genom att undersöka följande frågor.? Hur är det möjligt att förstå konceptet EBO i förhållande till begreppet Counter-insurgency?? Använder Koalitionen ett effektbaserat tankesätt när de genomför upprorsbekämpning i IRAKunder 2004?? Vilken effekt fick det effektbaserade tankesättet på operationerna?Resultatet av undersökningen visar att det förekommer effektbaserat tankesätt i de två COINoperationernai Haditha och Fallujah. Effekterna av båda operationerna är enligt amerikanska källorväldigt positiva vilket kan stämma i det korta perspektivet utifrån tilldelade uppgifter.

Kvinnor är underrepresenterade i svenska bolagsstyrelser i förhållande till EUkommissionens rekommendation på 40 %. År 2016 kommer regeringen att föreslå en lag om kvotering om representationen av kvinnor i bolagsstyrelser vid denna tidpunkt inte är minst 40 %. Riksdagen har tidigare avslagit ett lagförslag om kvotering med motiveringen att det är ägarnas ansvar att säkerställa mångfald, kompetens och en jämn könsfördelning i styrelserna.Det är ägarna som via valberedningar tillsätter styrelseledamöter. Vi undersöker i denna uppsats om det finns något samband mellan andelen kvinnor i valberedningar och andelen kvinnor i bolagsstyrelser. Om det finns ett samband kan det vara ett sätt att uppnå en jämnare könsfördelning i bolagsstyrelser utan en kvoteringslagstiftning.

The aim of this study was to provide SCA Forest Norrbotten District with material to assist in their work towards decreasing the frequency of bucking splits in their saw timber logs. SCA Forest supplies the Munksund sawmill with pine timber. Periodically the sawmill experiences problems related to bucking splits in their logs. The purpose of this study was to find an available method to measure the occurrence of splits directly on incoming timber. The ambition was also to gain some knowledge about possible variations between different logging crews in terms of split frequency. If possible, this information could be used to investigate if certain crews produced more splits than others, and thereby making it possible to provide feedback to the logging machine operators. The study consisted of two major parts, a literature review, and a practical sawmill study.

An important task for Region Skåne is to allocate resources to the health care districts. From 1999 to 2002 Region Skåne used needs-based resource allocation as a model for allocating resources. In a needs-based resource allocation individuals with the same socioeconomic and demographic characteristics are assumed to have the same level of need and are therefore allocated the same amount of resources. During the period of needs-based resource allocation a matrix model was used as a method. In the matrix model individuals were divided into cells after each combination of the socioeconomic and demographic variables.

The concept of school forest was drafted in 1970 by the Forest in School organization and is defined as an area occupied by a school for outdoor educational activity. The main purpose of this study was to examine how schools use the school forest in practice, how it can be linked to the forest as an ecosystem service and find out how the forest is taken into consideration in the spatial planning. The study is mainly qualitative in nature and has been based on interviews conducted with educators engaged in outdoor education at four selected schools in a municipality in Sweden. Focus has been on the cultural ecosystem services for school forest, for example the physical characteristics that are considered as positive, forest influence on students' physical / mental health and the educational benefits available to be in the woods. Search has also been made to see how the forest is taken into consideration in the spatial planning and also what a contract agreements involves.

The aim of this study is to gain an increased knowledge and deeper understanding of compulsive gambling and its consequences in today?s society. Gambling addiction will be described and analysed by a selection of experts, therapists and people with an addictive gambling background. The basis of the empirical research has been undertaken by a qualitative design with interviews consisting of three fundamental themes. The research group of eight participants included four gamblers, two therapists and two specialists.

I denna kvalitativa studie ombads 5 psykodynamiskt inriktade terapeuter att i skrift beskriva sin upplevelse av journalskrivning. Materialet analyserades med hjälp av EPP-(Empirical Phenomenological Psychological) metoden. Resultatet lyfter fram generella kännetecken och särskiljande drag inom upplevelsen av journalskrivning. Gemensamt för terapeuternas upplevelse är att journalskrivandet har olika funktioner. Det är ett arbetsverktyg för att kommunicera med andra vårdgivare, det omfattas av vissa styrfaktorer och en upplevd osäkerhet om journalskrivandets regelverk.

AbstractA useful tool for companies to use in their differentiation process is proposed to be employee branding. Employee branding is developed and put forth by the management with the main task to formulate the brands vision and values, and communicate them to the employees. To promote the employee engagement and their relationship with the company, corporate storytelling can be applied, with is an internal communication that strengthens the internal rumour and values that represent the brand. Since engagement and motivation is important factors when creating a strong employee brand, there is a need for further research on how corporate storytelling is used by companies to influence employee engagement and motivation, as corporate storytelling leads to deeper commitment among employees.PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore how companies use corporate storytelling to influence their employee branding.MethodologyThe authors conducted a qualitative case study on how the retail organization Boomerang. The empirical material was collected thru semi-structured interviews with Boomerangs management and employees.ConclusionThe conclusion shows that the employees prefers when corporate storytelling and various communication is put in context, this because it?s easier for the employees to understand.

Bakgrund: Bristande kommunikation är en av de vanligaste orsakerna till vårdskador. Bristande kommunikation orsakar lidande för den enskilde patienten och en ökad belastning på vården med exempelvis extra vårddygn. Kommunikation och informationsöverföring är av Socialstyrelsen identifierat som ett riskområde i vården. Flera studier samt nationella och internationella myndigheter rekommenderar standardiserade verktyg vid överrapportering. Den kirurgiska patienten är särskilt utsatt och råkar oftare ut för vårdskador.

The aim of this thesis is to analyze the media discussions of the rape in Bjästa 2009 and to reveal how stereotypical illusions of ethnicity, religion and gender affect how media understands and defines violence. The rape in Bjästa occurred in a ?Swedish context? but has been defined as honor related in other arenas outside media. This discussion occurred because the whole village turned against the woman that was raped and supported the perpetrator? a phenomena that speaks against the idea of an equal society and a behavior that is usually understood as honor related and something that the ?others? do.

The aim of this research is to examine the Göteborg International Film Festival Fund (GIFFF, 1998?2011) as a part of the festival's overall operations, to provide answers to questions about if/how the Fund can be understood as an expression of the festival's fundamental values, and how the Fund can be recognized within the festival's strategic development. The GIFFF is also discussed in relation to contemporary academic studies that interpret Western film funds for the developing countries ? such as Hubert Bals Fund and Fond Sud Cinéma ? as an expression of Eurocentrism.The investigation is based on the contemporary film festival research, previous academic studies on Göteborg International Film Festival, the festival?s printed material ? such as programs and press releases ? as well as interviews with the former festival director Gunnar Bergdahl, who initiated the Fund, and festival editor Ulf Sigvardson, who ran the Fund during its final years of existence.The conclusions are: The Fund's objectives ? such as to support filmmakers and film schools in the developing countries, and also to screen their films at the festival ? can be seen as a broader interpretation of the vision that was determined by the festival founders, that the festival should be a platform for independent filmmaking and also help screen the films that otherwise would not reach the Swedish audience. Also, the Fund was a significant part of the festival's expansion strategies during the 1990s.