Calculations of net present value are based on a discount rate, which requires knowledge about the company?s cost of debt. A common way to do this is by observing the company?s credit rating, when no credit rating is given it?s possible to use a synthetic rating model based on quantitative data to estimate a credit rating. Thus, the aim of this study is to increase the understanding of which quantitative data, in terms of key figures, that can be used to explain the given credit ratings for companies from the Nordic countries.In developing the model, key figures found significant in previous studies are being tested for whether or not they are applicable for companies from the Nordic countries.

Jämtkraft AB which is a power production company in Sweden has bought two newhydro power units to their station in Hissmofors. The two new generators are using aconcept with sliding stator feet to handle the thermal expansion.The concept with sliding stator feet on hydro electric generators has not beenworking satisfactory on many hydro power stations in Sweden and has caused a lot ofcosts due to long downtimes.The new station in Hissmofors is very important for Jämtkraft AB, and therefore theywant to know how to make sure that the sliding stator feet are working as theyshould. According to theories and a simplified model of the generator the stator feetdisplacement should be around 1 -1,6 mm.The generators are delivered with a surveillance system that will measure thedisplacement of the sliding stator feet. The signal from the system isn?t accessible forJämtkraft AB but it will alarm when the sliding stator feet are malfunctioning.To secure the function of the sliding feet a logger for the surveillance system or adifferent measurement system must be used; if both systems are used Jämtkraft cansecure the function of the surveillance system..

Initiativet till projektet kommer från Nordic gyms ägare Christer Eriksson. Inför det första mötet mellan Christer och Jimmy Kärkkäinen, December 2010, var det egentligen ett annat projekt som var planerat att utföras. Då Christer med stor inlevelse berättade om deras nya produkt för bålträning och dess potential, kände båda parter att detta är det vi skall arbeta vidare med. En lång och spännande resa tog sin början.Nordic gym är ett helsvenskt företag som huvudsakligen utvecklar styrketräningsmaskiner. Nyligen har Nordic gym tagit fram ett nytt träningsredskap (Nidroc) för bålträning.

The most vital for a business is to understand how to please and satisfy its customers in order to make them loyal to the company. Companies weapon for competition in the retail business is defined through the retail mix. The retailer however often have limited resources whereas they have to prioritize between the factors included in the retail mix. The main purpose for this paper is to investigate what kind of internal connections that may occur between the factors in the retail mix, with focus on the job satisfaction as a catalyst on driving the values of the parameters included in the retail mix, where the factor service is the starting shot for the others included..

During the last decade millions of people have migrated to Europe. Parallel to this development, we see that many countries are becoming more hostile towards immigration. The success of radical right-wing parties (RHP) has been accredited to natives within the receiving countries turning to RHP to reduce their perceived threat from immigrants. Paradoxically, the RHP-support has also increased significantly among the immigrant population given the common assumption that immigrants are in solidarity with regards to shared experiences of immigration. In this dissertation, I argue for the importance of considering the increased RHP-support amongst immigrants, something that has been neglected in contemporary research.

Visby is a city that at first glance is of medieval origins. The popular image of scientists today is that the city was formed in the Middle Ages. According to some of the researchers Visby was formed during the Viking Age, it is based on the basis that the area has been used for a long period. Urban development in the Nordic countries is complex and there are different opinions as to why the Nordic cities emerge. It is important to shed light on the underlying process on why cities are emerging to provide clarity as to why Visby city is emerging.

This study uses European researcher Tomas Valasek?s hypothesis about factors required for defence cooperation in order to achieve conditions which can be successfully applied to the Nordic defence cooperation NORDEFCO. The study uses only Norway and Sweden on the grounds that they are the original actors and the driving forces behind the defence cooperation. The factors studied are; the countries' strategic culture, solidarity and trust between countries, similarity in military forces, if similar conditions prevail in the defence industry and if the intentions of cooperation have been clarified.Mainly government documents in the form of propositions, orientations and defence documents are studied, together with previous research in this area and, especially, interviews with representatives of NORDEFCO at military level and policy level as well as outside perspectives from the military attachés in each country. With the intention of studying the extent to which the factors Valasek features may prove to be significant in assessing the conditions for enhanced cooperation in NORDEFCO, the study raises the question of how it is possible to find expressions for the factors.

Nanofiltration is a proper way of preparation of drinking water. The process has a lot in common with reverse osmosis where a semipermeable membrane is used to separate a pure water flow from the remaining water. A pilot plant was used to ensure that nanofiltration is a suitable technology for a specific waterworks station in Glemmingebro, Ystad. The purpose was also to find out if a pH-adjustment is needed for feed water in a possible full scale plant.  In this case nanofiltration is used mainly to remove sulphate and calcium since the raw water contains concentrations of these substances which exceed the limits for potable water. It is important to receive a high recovery (RC), otherwise the deliviery of water won?t be high enough.

Charterflygbolaget TUIfly Nordic har haft problem med att utnyttja intervallerna på ett antal planerade underhållsåtgärder för deras Boeing 737-flotta fullt ut på grund av begränsningar i trafikprogrammet samt övriga praktiska begränsningar. De har även under en längre tid misstänkt att många intervaller för återkommande underhåll borde kunna eskaleras något för att möjliggöra en omläggning av trafikprogrammet och därmed effektivisera användningen av underhållsintervallen. Genomförs underhåll på flygplanen oftare än de behöver blir detta också en onödig resursförbrukare och kostnad för bolaget.Detta examensarbete har haft till uppgift att genomföra en granskning av de anmärkningar TUIfly Nordic haft på sin 737-flotta och gallra ut de anmärkningar som haft eller kunde ha haft någon relevans för någon av de underhållsuppgifter vars intervall TUIfly Nordic vill eskalera. Med denna information som underlag har sedan en bedömning gjorts om huruvida varje identifierad underhållsåtgärd är lämplig att utföra en eskalering på eller inte. Detta examensarbete har visat att en majoritet av de underhållsuppgifter som valdes ut för ändamålet anses vara möjliga att utföra den önskade eskaleringen på.

The last decades the populations of wild boar (Sus scrofa) has increased rapidly over the species? entire European range, including Sweden. This is followed by increasing human-wildlife conflicts as a result of the wild boar foraging behavior, causing damage to agricultural crop fields due to trampling and feeding. To be able to minimize damage we need more knowledge of where in the fields the risk of damage is high and what features in the landscape that affect this risk. I analyzed damage distribution in relation to the distance to six different landscape features; forest, road, ditch, building, game field and bait station, in the study area, the Island Mörkö in eastern central Sweden.

Visby is a city that at first glance is of medieval origins. The popular image of scientists today is that the city was formed in the Middle Ages. According to some of the researchers Visby was formed during the Viking Age, it is based on the basis that the area has been used for a long period. Urban development in the Nordic countries is complex and there are different opinions as to why the Nordic cities emerge. It is important to shed light on the underlying process on why cities are emerging to provide clarity as to why Visby city is emerging.

This paper aims to investigate abnormal returns for rivals to bidder targets in connection with the announcement of the bid. The study is based on 38 bids placed between September 2006 - January 2011 and 137 rival firms listed on Nasdaq OMX Nordic. We measure cumulative abnormal returns, CAR, for rival firms through an event study. We find that rival firms earn significant positive CAR in connection with the announcement of the bid. This is in line with the two-sided signaling effect presented by Akhigbe et al.

This project has revolved around finding better ways of overseeing vibrations of the gearbox at a wind power station. The gearbox has been a huge problem at the stations located at Gässlingen and the sooner the warning of an incoming breakdown is at hand the more money you can save from preparations. The work has been carried out together with Askalon AB in cooperation with consults from ÅF. Askalon is a company with a department focused on overseeing vibrations and it is in collaboration with that department the work has been carried out. During this work, new positions for the sensors and new methods of gathering and analyzing data have been worked out. This was then implemented at a wind power station to be tried out on site.

Sexual function in men with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is usually affected to a greater or lesser extent, depending on the type of injury and physiological prerequisites. Social contexts and psychological factors are other aspects that affect sexual function. Sexual dysfunction can lead to an impaired quality of life, depression and other illnesses. Aim: To study reported experiences of sexual function in men with SCI who have participated in The Nordic Spinal Injury Registry (NSCIR) five years follow-up. Design: Quantitative method consisting of a register study based on secondary data.

Bakgrund: Endast ett fåtal kvinnor i Sverige och övriga nordiska länder väljer en planerad hemförlossning. Organisationen för en planerad hemförlossning varierar mellan de nordiska länderna. Det är inte känt hur nöjda dessa kvinnor är med sin hemförlossning, det är därför av intresse att öka kunskapen om hur nöjda kvinnor i Sverige och Norden är med sin planerade hemförlossning.Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva förekomsten av nöjdhet hos kvinnor som genomgått en planerad hemförlossning samt att jämföra förekomsten av nöjdhet hos kvinnor i Sverige med Danmark, Norge och Island.Metod: Studien är en retrospektiv tvärsnittsstudie med kvantitativ ansats. Materialet är insamlat 2010-2013 inom ramen för forskningsnätverket ?Nordic Homebirth? via en enkätformulär på internetsidan www.nordichomebirth.com.