In this report a study is carried out with the aim to identify added values of EPC projects implemented in schools in order to increase the interest of EPC projects on the market. The report examines how the planned maintenance, supervision, maintenance and corrective maintenance is affected, how insurance premiums and terms are affected, the indoor environment and how the tasks of the operating staff is changing. A literature study of energy savings, energy use in schools, maintenance and insurance as well as how energy efficiency improvements are related to the Swedish environmental objectives has been made. Visits were carried out in Ludvika, interviews were also carried out with operation technicians and local strategists in Ludvika as well as employees of insurance companies.Schools often have neglected maintenance and problems with ventilation and indoor environment. Schools also have a large energy saving potential due to their low utilization, mainly because they are empty parts of the year.

Gardens from the first decades of the 20th century are often described as seen from a sublime ownership perspective. It may be artists, authors or some other intellectuals, they are all attributed as creators of the referred estate. As far as practically oriented gardeners, constructors or garden consultants are mentioned, they are consequently seen as the mere instruments for carrying out the intentions of the actual owners. Referring to those circumstances it is however well worth notifying that all properties, and in particular the gardens belonging to it, are submitted to a constant change. For anyone acquainted with garden work, it is quite obvious that the gardens vitality is closely related to the ongoing design process, by which form and content are created and re-created.

Around the year 2007, several news segments appeared in the Swedish media with focus on the social website Facebook. At the time, an increasing number of people in Sweden started to join the social platform and accepted the terms of contract to get access of the website, without further consideration of what they were agreeing to. This resulted in some private individuals felt violated when it turned out that major points of the contract entail that user?s private information, photos, videos and other publications that was shared on the website, were considered property of Facebook cooperation. Even though this incident made users more aware of what they should, and should not publish on the website, the episode did not result in users closing there accounts on Facebook.

En investering i en kommersiell fastighet kräver finansiering av något slag. I dagsläget är det vanligt förekommande att fastighetsinvesterare tar banklån för att erhålla likvida medel för fastighetsköpet. För en beviljad kredit krävs det även att en värdering av fastigheten har genomförts. Därför är kreditbedömning och värdering av kommersiella fastigheter två betydelsefulla processer i bankens dagliga arbete. Relationen mellan fastighetsinvesterare och banken är också av avgörande betydelse då fastighetsinvesteraren är i behov av likvida medel för sitt fastighetsköp.

Title: Competition for small audit firms ? a qualitative study on possible competitive strategies and how the upcoming changes will influence competition on the audit market    Subject: Auditing Tutor: Margareta Paulsson  Authors: Per Dahlström and Martin Holmberg Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop an understanding how smaller auditing firms use competitive strategies and why. The result aims to work as a support for owners and leaders of audit firms as they make decisions of how to compete in the future. We would also like to explore how smaller audit firms view the change of the mandatory audit, that is, our intentions are also to examine how they think the consequences on the market will be and their view on its affect on the competition of the market.    Methodology: Our methodological approach was characterized by a hermeneutic approach in order to explain and understand why the smaller audit firms do what they do. Our approach is a combination of inductive and deductive as it allows us to develop an understanding of the subject, then gather our empirical data and from that draw valid conclusions.

Today we see a fast developing of the market for mobile communication, both in an increased and changed mobile use, but also in the development of new technologies and services. Much that can be performed on Internet/Intranet today with a PC will in some years also be possible to do with a mobile terminal. Mobile Internet will probable take place when new technologies as GPRS, EDGE and UMTS will be in use. These technologies in combination with the development of new terminals and services will bring new capabilities for both companies and private users. This report describes how a portal should be designed in order to meet the needs on the market.

The ?peer to peer? (P2P) is a technology of downloading and filesharing between online - Internet - users by the mean of specified software. Since June 1999, the Napster software has made the happiness of millions of individuals who used it to obtain and share free audio files Mp3. Rapidly, the major recording companies have prosecuted the Napster Company and managed to force it to close down. They were arguing against it for it is supporting the development on a large scale traffic of files protected by copyright and thus was threatening the whole music and movies economic world.

More than 1000 Swedish Warmblood foals are shown every year at foal inspections which are arranged around the country. Six traits are evaluated at these inspections: type, head-neck-body, correctness of legs, walk, trot and canter. No previous genetic studies have been done on the data from these evaluations. The purpose of this study was to do genetic analyses of the traits which are evaluated at foal inspections. The purpose was also to see if there are any correlations between the results of the foal inspections and the results from the tests of three-year-old horses.

Rapportens syfte är att arbeta fram förslag till en hållbar förnyelse av bostadsområdet Gulsparven i Trollhättan, på uppdrag av AB Eidar Trollhättans bostadsbolag. I dagsläget har området energirelaterade problem och är i behov av upprustning. För att komma fram till goda lösningar har litteratur- ochinformationsstudier, intervjuer med erfarna personer samt inventeringar av området gjorts. Förslagen åskådliggörs i form av ritningar samt 3D-vyer.Fyra förslag till förnyelse har tagits fram med olika grad av åtgärder, där två av dem kräver en omprövad detaljplan. Generella åtgärder, vilket gäller i samtliga förslag, är betydelsefulla lösningar för att växa mot rollen som ett hållbart bostadsområde.

Abstract The planning of landscapes and towns has changed from a top-to-bottom perspective, including a focus on common interests, towards an inclusion of dialogue between planners and inhabitants of the planning area. In the countryside areas there are many interests which could be incorporated in such a dialogue. Still, the landowners have the final right to make the decisions for his or her property. The purpose of this paper is to examine how a dialogue for countryside development works and could be working, what participators of such dialogues are thinking about their right to direct and transform the landscape, and which roles the planners may take in such a context. With this background in mind, I also look back into the history with the intention to understand the situation of today.

Denna uppsats syftade till att utreda huruvida den av staten initierade ratificeringen av ILO 169, och framförallt artikel 14 ur denna konvention, har politiskt stöd bland de berörda aktörerna i Lappmarken. Detta eftersom det politiska stödet för en ratificering till synes är svagt. De berörda aktörerna utgörs av renskötande samer, icke-renskötande samer samt övrig befolkning i området, då dessa aktörer nyttjar mark och vatten på olika sätt. För att klargöra huruvida politiskt stöd föreligger i frågan om ILO 169, har David Beethams Legitimeringsteori använts. Denna teori utgår från att förekomsten av legitimitet, som i denna kontext kan jämställas med politiskt stöd, kan visas utifrån tre sammanvävda dimensioner ? B1-B3, där B1 utgår från legitimitet utifrån etablerade regler, B2 från rättfärdigande via delade värderingar hos dominant och underordnad samt B3 som konfirmerar legitimitet via handlingar.

Problemet med dagens standard för hygienrum och dess komponenter är att de baseras helt på tillgänglighet. Vilket i och för sig är en bra sak, sett utifrån att fler personer kan ha möjligheten att utnyttja bostadsfunktionerna även om de har vissa rörelsehinder. Men vi vill ta steget längre, inte endast se till tillgänglighet utan även se till vad som kan uppskattas, för att höja levnadsstandarden och uppskattningen av våra hem. Den svenska standarden är som tidigare nämnt baserad på tillgänglighet och är inte alltid anpassningsbar till nya lösningar och komponenter som kan förekomma i badrum, vissa saker ändras, får nya funktioner, kanske utökade användningsområden. Syftet är att försöka utöka möjligheten att nå högre kvalité för badrummet och samtidigt försöka se till de alternativa lösningarna som kan åstadkommas idag.

Stabilization of subgrade is an internationally common technique to improve the characteristics of a soft soil. Improving the stiffness and bearing capacity of the subgrade enables the pavement to be designed with reduced depths of subbase and basecourse aggregates. This makes the stabilization technique both economically and environmentally interesting. Both natural and stabilized soils have high inherent property variability that should be considered when the characteristic value is derived. By analyzing the spatial variability in stabilized and natural subgrades it is possible get the parameters needed for reliability?based modeling of soil properties.

Syfte: Ingen kan hävda att de har missat den pågående klimatdebatten med ett fokus på den globala uppvärmningen. En ökad medvetenhet om miljömässig hållbarhet har bidragit till en integration av etisk beslutsfattning in i organisationer. Studiens syfte är att undersöka hypotesen att CSR leder till ett ökat fastighetsvärde. Vi ämnar även få en ökad förståelse för hur motivation påverkar etisk beslutsfattning och CSR.Metod: Studien har genomförts med en kvalitativ ansats inom ramen för en fallstudie. Empiriskt material har samlats in genom semi-strukturerade intervjuer med beslutsfattare inom den svenska fastighetsbranschen.

The purpose of this thesis was to create a strategic/tactical road access plan. This was done by designing an analytical method which gives the road manager a template to create long-term road access plans. The analytical method will help to identify and appraise roads to be upgraded and give information when it is time for building new roads. The study method involved developing an analytical method. The method was comprised of five main parts: the harvest plan, analysis of the road network, transport costs, quality and storage costs and finally, identification of investment alternatives.