Background: Research on presenteeism has been performed mainly during the last 15 years, where several consequences on health such as cardiovascular disease and mortality have been identified. Studies have shown a relation between sickness absenteeism and presenteeism, where presenteeism could lead to long-term sickness absence. Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate work-related and personal causes of sickness presenteeism. The study also aimed to identify the overall prevalence of sickness presence in Scandinavia, including potential occupational sectors with higher prevalence. Method: The study was literature based and consisted of 15 peer-reviewed scientific articles that were found by a systematic search in PubMed and Scopus.

Proven i dagens skola är ofta av klassisk karaktär, skrivna så att de endast syftar till naturvetenskapen som en produkt. Hur skall vi få proven mer motiverande för eleverna? Ett sätt kan vara att införa mer vardagsanknutna problem i proven. Arbetet syftar till att göra en jämförande studie bland ett antal naturvetenskapsstuderande gymnasieelever, där vi jämför elevers prestation och motivation vid klassiska faktabetonade fysikproblem kontra vardagsanknutna frågor. Detta följs upp av elevintervjuer.

Introduction: Basic Body Awereness Therapy (BBAT) is a treatment developed to treat different kinds of psychiatric diagnoses, but also to prevent the emergence of any other unhealthy conditions. The treatment is aimed to increase the body control and conscious breathing but also requires mental awareness.Aim: The aim of this study is to, based on social cognitive theory, describe patients' experiences of BBAT performed as group therapy.Method: The study design was qualitative with an inductive approach. Five people were interviewed after a BBAT group treatment in primary care. The data was collected by individual interviews with semi-structured questions and the interviews were analysed by qualitative content analysis.Result/Conclusion: The participants experienced increased body awareness and implemented BBAT strategies even though the treatment frequency was insufficient. BBAT was described as helpful used to regulate intensity level, stress management and facilitate breathing.

Programvaruutveckling lider idag av stora problem och många av problemen är kopplade till hur krav samlas in och hanteras. Ett sätt att underlätta kravinsamlingen och att öka kommunikation med kund är att ta fram en prototyp, vilket är en konkret representation av programvaran som ska tas fram. När kravutvinningen har kommit tillräckligt långt kan denna prototyp användas som en del av en kravspecifikation. En vanlig form av kravspecifikation är ett dokument, men även en (exekverbar) prototyp kan vara en effektiv representation av programvaran som ska tas fram.I detta arbete undersöks det vilka problem som kan uppstå då en prototyp används som en del av en kravspecifikation. Problem identifieras i litteraturen och intervjuer utförs för att undersöka vilka problem som finns i praktiken.

The object of the essay was to investigate the argumentation in the bill, the comments from unions and the authorities, among others and the motions concerning the bill. To analysis this argumentation I have been using feminist theory, specifically Carole Lee Bacchis ?What?s the problem?-aproach. I also used Maud Eduards and Diane Sainsbury to complete my theory. They describe men as the norm of the society and women as deviant.

Problem solving is a big part of design, however a lot of emphasis is put on creativity in research related to the effects of stress. Research has shown that the amount of stress we feel affects idea generation. Stress may also affect the ability to solve problems, however the researchers don?t seem to agree about what the effect of stress actually does.The study was made through experimental sessions where the respondents were asked to solve 4 matchstick puzzles of similar difficulty. Depending on their outcome they experienced more or less stress.

The purpose of this essay was to see how the construction of elderly immigrants as a problem in healthcare and elderly care has been described in the relevant literature. In the course of doing so I tried to answer the following questions; What is said to be the expected problems or difficulties in work with eldely immigrants? How are the expected members of the problemgroup defined and identified? Whos perspective dominates the description of the problem, the users or the investigators? These questions were hard to answer and I had to conclude that the problem was not clearly defined; there was only an assumption of a problem. This, however, has not been a hindrance in the category of elderly immigrants being claimed to be a group with problems that need research and further investigation. The dominating perspective is that of the investigators as they are the ones who define and identify who is a part of the problemgroup..

Disney is one of the largest media companies in the world. They have been critizied for portrayting men, women and love relationships with stereotypical behaviours and attributes. This may lead to negative effects on childrens and adolescents perception of reality. The purpose of this study was to investigate how Disney portrays the dynamic between the characters within the love relationship in their movies launched in the 21st century. This study has examined four movies released in the 21st century containing a love relationship between a man and a woman.

Culture is seen as an abstract phenomenon, not easily defined. It is cathegorized as something that affects every person, though it is seldom described how. This study adress how culture, in the form of basic assumptions and accepted behaviors and ways to think affected how young coaches formed their leadership under the influence of their organization. The possible implications for the importance of knowing about ones culture in an organization affect both the recruitment process in organizations and what the organization stands for and what is conveyed through values and ways to act in the organization. The purpose of this study was, through the use of semi-structured interviews with young coaches and organizational leaders and a review of policys, to get the perspective and experiences of young coaches regarding cultural influence on their leadership.

Denna studie har undersökt hur sociala problem beskrivs inom samtida svensk hiphopmusik. Syftet var att öka kunskapen om hur sociala problem formuleras. Därför har studien syftat till att undersöka vilken social problematik som beskrivs i hiphoptexterna samt hur och varför redogörelserna ser ut som de gör. I studien användes en innehållsanalys för att analysera 105 svenska hiphoptexter. Goffmans teori om stigma och Wacquants begrepp territoriellt stigma har applicerats vid analysen av de empiriska resultaten. Resultaten visar att svensk hiphopmusik tar upp sju sociala problem; missbruk, rasism, fattigdom, kriminalitet, utanförskap, prostitution samt hemlöshet.

The scope of this investigation is to decide how and to what extent the energy consumption of apassive house is affected by the users? knowledge and habits. To achieve this a literary study hasbeen made and as a complement the planning of a passive house was completed.The result of a primary study of the rules and regulations that effect passive houses in Swedenshows that the user?s influence on passive houses is a completely unregulated area. Even thoughthere is no regulation, a need for some general knowledge of the passive house concept has beenexpressed.To further investigate how the users? knowledge and habits affect the energy consumption and ifthere is a difference between different households? energy consumption , three main factors havebeen identified.

Background/aims: Extensive studies have found an association between parent - adolescent relationships and adolescents' alcohol use. However, only a few studies have been carried out in Sweden. Also, few studies have focused on 17-19 year olds or binge drinking. The aim of this study is to examine whether there is an association between perceived parent - youth relationship and binge drinking among 17-19 year olds in Stockholm, Sweden. Theory: Social Development Model is a risk-focused prevention strategy which emphasizes the importance of social units, such as the family.

Detta är en uppsats som hat fått sin utgångspunkt från rapporten "Om sociala problem i nya bostadsområden" från Centralförbundet för socialt arbete. Rapporten från 1976 konstaterade att det i hög grad förekom sociala problem i de nya bostadsområden som byggs enligt Miljonprogramsmodellen. I Halmstad byggdes bostadsområdet Andersberg för att bota den bostadsbrist som under 1960-talet rådde i Halmstad. Då området byggdes enligt normer från just Miljonprogrammet, blev uppsatsens syfte att se hur väl detta bostadsområde stämde överens med de definitioner av sociala problem som preciserades i rapporten, samt att ge en lokal och levande bild av det tidiga Andersberg. Artiklar och insändare från Hallandsposten och material från Halmstad Kommunarkiv bekräftade att ANdersberg tidigt inte bara hade problem likt de som konstaterats från 1976, utan även problem av annan karaktär, såsom vandalisering, otrygghet och klagomål på barnsäkerheten i området..

Open access has played a significant part in the development of scholarlycommunication. Today, several research funding agencies around the worldrequires that the results of the research it supports must be published openaccess where the underlying idea is that publicly funded research should befree and available to all users. The purpose of this thesis is to discuss the issueof open access publishing from the perspective of researchers in the field ofodontology, focused on their attitudes, behaviors and publishing experienceswith open access. Through a qualitative interview study with fiveodontological researchers, the results have been compared to previous studieson researchers' attitudes and experiences with open access. The results showthat both knowledge and experience with open access publishing is fairly lowamong the participating scientists.

Flickor och pojkar har olika förutsättningar i matematikundervisningen. Vi behandlar flickor och pojkar olika bara för att de är flickor och pojkar. Forskningen visar att vid problemlösning finns det skillnader gällande hur flickor och pojkar går tillväga för att lösa problem. Syftet är att undersöka dessa skillnader och varför de finns. Utvalda elever har fått matematiska problem som de ska lösa.