From the pre-Roman and Roman Iron Age, a number of different fossil agrarian landscapes can be found in southern Sweden - clearance cairn areas, celtic fields, stone-wall complexes and geometrically laid-out strip fields. With two different comparative analyses, this paper tries to explain some of the differences between clearance cairn systems and the other fossil field systemsThe shape of the early Iron Age agrarian landscape varies between different provinces of southern Sweden. At Gotland, celtic field systems were laid-out before 500 BC. In Småland at the same time, areas with clearance cairns were created. How can the difference be explained? The different physical appearance of clearance cairn areas and celtic fields can be explained by the different ways to handle the ard in till and in sandy soil.

With the farming methods of the past century the agricultural landscape has changed. This has led to the fact that many habitats and species have been significantly reduced. Sweden is committed to the preservation of biodiversity through various conventions and laws. In the EU's Common Agricultural Policy there are currently agro-environmental schemes, which were created as an instrument for reducing the negative impacts of agriculture on nature and environment. Within this system any farmer who perform environmental measures are financially compensated for this.

Detta arbete syftade till att validera en metod för analys av interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1 RA) i plasma från häst. Med en fungerande analysmetod finns möjligheten att använda IL-1 RA som biomarkör för antiinflammatoriska effekter av läkemedel exempelvis dexametason. En kommersiell ELISA framtagen för analys av IL-1 RA hos häst användes vid valideringen. Analysmetoden var tidigare endast validerad för analys av IL-1 RA i spädningsmedium från tillverkaren. Vid validering av metoden framställdes standardkurvor i spädningsmedium från tillverkaren (reagent diluent=RD) samt i olika biologiska medier från häst. Beräkning av standardkurvorna utfördes med hjälp av linjär regression och innefattade intervallet 0,313 ? 20 ng/mL.

The aim of our master thesis is first and foremost to win the competition One Prize - mowing to Growing: Reinventing the American Lawn, announced in USA by the organization Terreform 1, the first of December 2009. Apart from winning the competition we have also tried to reach a deeper understanding of food production today and its future possibilities. Our ambition to present a winning design proposal has to a large extent decided the structure of the entire thesis. Our completed and submitted design proposal - growforgold.org - is a way of addressing urban food production in a creative way, keeping the sovereignty of the individual in mind. Instead of presenting a place-specific design solution our proposal aims to create incentives and possibilities for urban farming to take place anywhere and anytime. Our submission to the competition represents both a tool and a platform which, put in practice, could make landscape architecture happen through the hands of the individual.

Denna uppsats undersöker om användandet av stark hjälpinformation kan ge ökad precision i skattningarna i undersökningen Lastbilstrafik ? Inrikes och utrikes trafik med svenska lastbilar som utges av Trafikanalys. Förutom att en ökad precision är önskvärd i sig, kan det också möjliggöra ett minskat urval. Detta innebär i sin tur att uppgiftslämnarbördan minskas.Tre parametrar undersöks: totalt antal körda kilometer, total lastad godsmängd och totalt transportarbete. För dessa finns precisionskravet att för den skattade årstotalen får den relativa osäkerhetsmarginalen vara högst fem procent (den relativa osäkerhetsmarginalen definieras som halva konfidensintervallets längd dividerat med punktskattningen).

Endometrios,  en  sjukdom  med  symtom  som  smärtor  eller  blödningar  i  samband  med menstruation, börjar ofta i tonåren men diagnostiseras inte förrän flera år senare. Kvinnorna med denna diagnos beskriver ofta att de inte  fått förståelse för sina problem under tonåren. Sjukdomen kan innebära stora besvär  för den drabbade och följder på det fysiska, psykiska och sociala planet kan ses. Syftet var att studera hur unga kvinnor med endometriossymtom upplevde  skolsköterskans  stöd  under  högstadie-  och  gymnasietiden,  för  att  kunna  påverka deras livskvalitet. Via Svenska endometriosföreningens ungdomssektion i Sverige gjordes en kvantitativ   undersökning   med   kvalitativt   inslag.   Ett   frågeformulär   skickades   ut   till föreningens  59  medlemmar,  24  kvinnor  svarade.  Resultatet  visade  att  några  få  kvinnor  var nöjda med den hjälp de fått under skoltiden men de flesta kvinnorna uttryckte att de saknade kunskap,  stöd  och  förståelse  från  skolsköterskan  vilket  ibland  gav  ett  icke  tillfredsställande bemötande.

The EU market is being deregulated, which sees Swedish farmers that have traditionally been governed by different support systems being forced to adapt to a free market system and having to deal with the concept of supply and demand. The farming sector has during the past several years experienced harder conditions and the deregulation of the market has directly affected farmers. The need for entrepreneurs and that way of thinking has been identified (McElwee, 2006). Swedish farmers are neither familiar with a free market or being required to think in an entrepreneurial manner, does this therefore implicate that Swedish farmers are not entrepreneurs?LRF is a national farmers? organization in Sweden and functions as a support for Swedish farmers.

L?grangmatriskomplettering innefattar algoritmer som fyller ut saknade v?rden i en matris under antagandet att den kompletta matrisen ?r av l?g rang. Rapporten har unders?kt tv? olika algoritmer f?r l?ngrangmatriskomplettering, singular value thresholding (SVT) och nor malized iterative hard thresholding (NIHT), p? slumpm?ssigt genererad data och ett urval av databasen Netflix prize data. Rapportens syfte ?r att best?mma vilken av dessa tv? algoritmer som l?mpar sig b?ttre f?r komplettering av Netflix-datan och slumpm?ssigt genererad data. F?r att m?ta detta unders?ktes hur n?ra algoritmerna konvergerar till de kompletta matriser na i termer av bland annat RMSE samt hur l?ng tid det tar f?r de olika algoritmerna att k?ra givet olika parameterval.

Detta examensarbete undersöker avvikelser av nedslagsposition vid fällning av ostyrda vapen från JAS 39 Gripen. Här har endast de störningar från yttre påverkan på bomben då den faller mot marken undersökts. Med yttre påverkan menas icke systemrelaterade störningar, vilket i detta arbete har innefattat variationer av vindhastighet, bombmassa, temperatur, aerodynamisk motståndskoefficient, gravitation, bombens fenvinkel, balkläge och separationshastighet. De vapen som ingår i analysen är tre olika typer från MK80-serien, vilka är fritt fallande så kallade dumb bombs.Dels undersöks de enskilda primärfelen var för sig och dels undersöks den totala påverkan. Eftersom bombfällningar är ytterst resurskrävande finns inte tillräckligt många stickprov från verkliga fällningar att tillgå så för att kunna dra statistiskt korrekta slutsatser har Monte Carlo-simuleringar utförts för att utöka mängden stickprov.

To have a forest area close to the city is of great importance for the city population?s well being. Children develop their motor skills, concentration and imagina-tion and the adults have a place to shake of the stress from work. Forest areas are used to exercise at, play in and to find a moment of peace and silence. The urban forest and the old farming pastures at Markussonvallen and Per-Isakssonvallen already has natural assets worth to preserve and a great potential to create more. The goal is to develop a forest with a variation of tree species and ground vegetation that will appeal to the human senses and different animal species such as birds, insects etc.

The background of this work is the media discussion about the effect of cultivation on peatsoils on greenhouse gas emissions. It has been argued that row sown and intensivelycultivated crops such as carrots are more likely to emit carbon dioxide than for example grassleys. The association KRAV (an association promoting organic farming) shall, from this yearadapt their environmental policy to be more climate smart and have asked the question if thecultivation of some crops is more climate smart than others? Carbon dioxide emissions fromsoil are due to degradation of organic material and the rate is controlled by microbial activity.The microbial activity is determined by a variety of factors such as temperature, soil organicmatter quality and water content. I have measured the carbon dioxide emission from fourdifferent crops at two different farms.

During the last couple of years the focus for many businesses have moved from just being price oriented to include such factors as quality, flexibility, service, delivery precision and environmentally friendliness. The shift in viewpoint arises from the increasingly competition on the market and the hard economic atmosphere. It has become more important to differentiate the company and its products to be able to increase market share. The purpose with this master?s thesis was to get a better understanding on how companies (customer to DHL) are reasoning and prioritizing when choosing Swedish carriers.

Improved profitability, a reasonable yearly income or the possibility to have employees are all incentives for expansion. A prerequisite for farm businesses to expand is for land to be made available, either to buy or to rent. In Sweden, 43 % of the total arable land is leasehold land, which implies that a functioning leasehold market is of great importance for the Swedish agriculture. Several factors can affect the supply of leasehold land, for instance the leasehold legislation and the Single Payment Scheme. The fact that the leasehold legislation is compulsory, in protection of the leaseholder, might keep land owners from leasing their land out.

The thesis concerns the use of classification schemes for organising resources in subject-based hierarchical search-services on the web. The aim is to investigate the different kinds of classification that are used, which fall into two groups: established respectively new classification schemes. This is attained by studying literature and the websites of each search-service. The prospects for using classification in a web-environment are discussed and divided into three major groups: browsing, control and cross-classification. One question at issue concerns how an established scheme manages to organise web-resources and whether this classification differs from the classification of new schemes and in what way.

Syfte: Denna systematiska ?versikt syftar till att unders?ka p?verkan av precision nutrition (PN) baserad p? kontinuerlig glukosm?tning (CGM) p? glykosylerat hemoglobin (HbA1c) hos individer med diabetes mellitus typ 2/prediabetes. Metod: Litteraturs?kningen genomf?rdes i slutet av januari 2025 i databaserna PubMed och Scopus. Den inkluderade populationen bestod av vuxna individer med/utan insulinbehandlad diabetes typ-2. Interventionen var kostbehandling baserad p? CGM-m?tningar med/utan andra biomark?rer.