Objectives: The purpose of the study was to examine if a pre- and post-operative difference could be seen in self-reported pain disability and self-efficacy among patients undergoing surgery as treatment for spinal disc herniation in order to improve process of rehabilitation.Method: A quantitative and descriptive design was used. 10 patients awaiting surgical treatment for spinal disc herniation were included at Akademiska sjukhuset (The Academic Hospital) in Uppsala. Participation was voluntary and the selection was made by convenience. Data was collected using The Pain Disability Index and Self-Efficacy Scale by which the patient would estimate how hindered they felt because of their pain in everyday activities and their self-efficacy to perform everyday activities. This was done the day before surgery and two weeks after surgery.

Till följd av en ökad harmonisering inom EU skall alla börsnoterade företag inom EU följa och tillämpa International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) i sina koncernredovisningar från och med den 1 januari 2005. Företag som berörs är de som har aktier eller skuldebrev noterade på en reglerad marknad. I Sverige är Aktietorget, North Growth Market samt Stockholmsbörsen reglerade marknader. Den största förändringen till följd av IFRS implementeringen är att värdering av poster i balansräkningen kommer att ske till verkligt värde istället för till anskaffningsvärdet. Förändringen av värderingsprinciper kommer i sin tur att leda till en ökad volatitlitet i företagens resultat.

Outsourcing har idag blivit en allt vanligare strategi för större industriföretag att använda sig av som en del av sin verksamhet. En förutsättning för att ett företag ska bli framgångsrikt är att kommunikationen mellan företagets olika avdelningar fungerar väl och då en väsentlig funktion i ett företag outsourcas blir den externa kommunikationen av yttersta vikt.Syftet med den här studien är att undersöka hur ett företag kommunicerar med en outsourcad funktion placerad utomlands samt vilka kommunikationshinder som kan påverka informationsöverföringen mellan företagen. Studien avgränsar sig till väletablerade och stora företag, vilka har sin kärnverksamhet i Stockholm.För att undersöka hur företagen kommunicerar med deras outsourcade funktion genomfördes kvalitativa intervjuer hos åtta företag. En litteraturstudie genomfördes för att stärka eller motsäga data hämtad från intervjuerna.Empirin från intervjuerna visade att både Företag A och Atlas Copco använde sig av e-post och telefon när de kommunicerade med de outsourcade funktionerna. Telefonmöten och regelbundna fysiska möten var också vanligt förekommande.Kommunikationen mellan företaget och dess outsourcade funktion är väldigt viktigt hos företagen och de försöker ständigt förbättra processer och relationer för att underlätta kommunikationen.

Bakgrund och problem: Från och med 2005 är det obligatoriskt för alla börsnoterade företag inom EU att tillämpa IFRS, International Financial Reporting Standards, vid upprättandet av koncernredovisningen. En av dessa standarder är IAS 14, segmentrapportering. Den reglerar hur rörelsegrenar, affärsområden och marknadsområden ska redovisas. Nu finns ett utkast till standard från International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) som är tänkt att förändra och förbättra gällande standard avseende segmentrapportering, IAS 14. Syfte: Att undersöka vad revisorer, företag och analytiker tror om den föreslagna förändringen av segmentrapporteringen och vilka konsekvenser det kan medföra.

In this essay I point out that the presence of  ?Otherness? plays a key role in the novel The Beach by Alex Garland, and that the text relates to a colonial literary tradition. I?ve mainly used the distinction of Otherness and cultural representation presented by the postcolonial theorist Edward W. Said to guide me.

Individual identification of pigs could be used in commercial herds for production monitoring, disease monitoring and breeding evaluation. This study investigates the possibility of using microchips designed for dogs and cats to identify individual pigs from birth, through rearing to carcass at the slaughter plant. Two different sizes of microchips, and two different ages of the pigs at injection were tested. Castrates and gilts from ten litters were evenly distributed between chip sizes and injection ages. All pigs were identity marked with both electronic ear tags and injected with microchips.

Subject: The Teacher Training Programme, Degree Project in Educational SciencesSödertörn University CollegeAutumn Term, 2006This study titled, Those who feel worst, need help to feel better, is a Degree Project in Educational Sciences for the Teacher Training Programme at Södertörn University College. The purpose of this study is to find out how school introduction for newly arrived refugee children is organized in two schools, considering the fact that many refugee children can suffer from PTSD, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. The study is qualitative, based on interviews with principals, teachers and students in one junior high school and one high school. The study also reviews literature and research on how to work with children who suffer from PTSD. The results show that lack of national policy for the school introduction and education of refugee children, leads to the fact that school introduction can vary from school to school.

Under hösten 2013 genomförde vi en tidsstudie bland enhetschefer i en kommunal organisation. Resultatet visade bland annat att enhetscheferna spenderade mycket tid på att utföra administrativa arbetsuppgifter, som främst rörde personaladministration och dokumentation av sina verksamheter. Enhetscheferna ansåg själva att den här typen av arbetsuppgifter ökat eller förändrats markant de senaste åren. En konsekvens som framhölls var att det nära ledarskapet hamnade i skymundan. Forskning på enhetschefer samt administration styrker upplevelsen som framkom i tidsstudien. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka vilka faktorer som kan påverka en enhetschefs administrativa arbetsuppgifter.

This paper constitutes graduate work at the Depart-ment of Urban and Rural Development at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. In this paper the urban structure of the million program suburb Husby in Stockholm is examined and what effect this structure has on social life in the area. The main objective of the study has been to, with the help of morphological analyses, examine how to create meeting places and make the Husby Park more accessiblefor the inhabitants in Husby. There has been a selection of analyses to ensure that Husby?s spatial relationship with surrounding suburbs as well as local spaces in the Husby Park is described.

För att finansiell rapportering ska ge läsaren en så klar bild som möjligt krävs en viss grad av harmonisering och upprättande av redovisningsstandards. Risken blir annars att redovisningen inte blir jämförbar och transparent. I december 2001 kom Redovisningsrådets Akutgrupp med ett uttalande som sa att koncernbidraget ska redovisas efter ekonomisk innebörd istället för, som tidigare, en bokslutsdisposition i resultaträkningen. Det problem som då uppstod var hur de företag som följde, och följer, Bokföringsnämnden skulle göra. Därför har Bokföringsnämnden under 2006 och 2007 skickat ut remisser med förslag på hur koncernbidraget i framtiden ska redovisas.

Adolescence is more and more characterized by messages containing allusions and attitudes through social agents (family, friends, school and media). Therefore the purpose of this study was to investigate what significance the social agents and their messages, concerning sexuality, have in relation to young people's thoughts, questions and socialisation.The study is made from the young people's perspective. Our target group was 15 to 16-year-olds in ninth grade at a compulsory school in Sweden. The quantitative part of the study consisted of an anonymous and voluntary questionnaire among the students. To achieve a greater variety we made an interview as a complementary addition in which nine students participated.We found our main theoretical starting point in Anthony Giddens's theories about social agents, modernity, post modernity and sexuality.The conclusion was that the young people in our study foremost associated sexuality to sex, love, relationships and sexual orientation.

Beyond the binary borders of sex -A LITTERATURE STUDY ABOUT TRANSGENDER THEORY AND ITS POSSIBLE CONTRIBUTION TO A SOCIAL WORK CONTEXT. GERGANA TOSEVA KARIN SELIN A thesis in Social work studies (15 credits) at Malmö University, Hälsa och Samhälle 2012. The discussion about sex and gender is always prominent in a social work context. Our purpose and questions are hence based on the discussion on transgender theory and the way of thinking about the non-binary, and how it relates to the nearby theories. The method of the essay consists of a semi systematic literature overview with the focus on discussing transgender theory in relation to other theories and perspectives, such as modernism, post modernism, feminism and queer theory. We answer the following questions: 1. Is it possible to go beyond or exceed the binary of sex and if so, how do we see it in the material we examined? 2. In what way are the existing theories of sex / gender in the binary? 3. Can one featuring a female embodied subject be of assistance to transgender people's search for an embodied subject? We consider it possible to move beyond the binary by using ?fuzzy logic?(Nagoshi & Brzuzy 2010, Tauchert 2002) which is a way of staying in the binary but expanding the term and work in the grey areas instead.

Aim: To investigate the quality of life and the social life situation, with special focus on the consequenses of fear of hypoglycemia (FoH), in Islet transplanted patients.Method: 11 patients were included, four women and seven men, who have been Islet tranplanted at Uppsala University Hospital during the years 2001-2009. Two questionaires, Short Form 36 (SF-36) and the Swedish version Hypoglycemia Fear Survey (Swe-HFS) were used to investigate the quality of life, in relation to fear of hypoglycemia. Also, telephone interviews were conducted to investigate the patients social life situation in relation to FoH, after Islet transplantation and were analysed using content analysis method.Results: The mean value for quality of life was lower than that in the normal population. Three out of ten patients experienced FoH. Three predominant themes were revealed, one theme associated with pre- transplant, was ?Struggle for control of Social Life Situation? and two themes associated with post-transplant, were ?Regain power and controll of  Social Life Situation? and ?At Peace with the balance between the Present and the Future?.Conclusion: The patients experienced improved control over social life situation and quality of life in relation to FoH may been improved following islet tranplantation..

Abstract This essay will present actual research around the concept of Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder, how it can reveal itself in school children and how it can influence young people?s learning ability and capacity to retain knowledge.The purpose is, above all, to clearly diagnose PTSD so that children with this complex of problems can receive good possibilities in learning and understanding.The question at hand is responded to by interviewees with an expertise on the subject and one ?story?, collectively with literary studies.The results illustrate that there can be neurological and biological, as well as social explanations for PTSD but it is seldom a permanent diagnosis. It is though something to take very seriously. PTSD can lead to severe psychobiological consequences, mostly by causing damage in one particular part of the brain, known as hippocampus. The hippocampus is essential in terms of memory and concentration.

The aim of this M.A.-thesis in social work is to problematize the assimilatoric concept of integration and its discourses in a postcolonial perspective in relation to social work in Denmark.As a support theory I use symbolic interactionism. By using these theories I show how the concept of integration and its discourses, when its aim is assimilatoric, can be understood and problematized with concepts as binary oppositions and hegemony.It is shown that the construction of the discoursive other is a useful term as an instrument of interpretation of power in general. The relevance to social work in relation to the social workers double powered positions, professional and cultural power to define 'the other', in social work with ethnic minorities is shown in relation to the post colonial perspective with support of symbolic interactionism. The white western world hegemony and the social workers power positions in relation to the clients fits to the theoretic frame chosen in the thesis.A second aim in this thesis is to point to new ways for social work and to the necessity to reflect over a globalized world characterized by international migration, ethnic relations and diversity..