Bakgrund: Parenteral nutrition kan ges vid i stort sett alla tillstånd när magtarmkanalen ej fungerar eller kan utnyttjas tillfredställande. Benigna tarmsjukdomar, t ex Morbus Crohn eller short bowel syndrome av annan anledning är den vanligaste orsaken till HPN (home parenteral nutrition). En europeisk studie från 1997 visar att incidensen för HPN i Danmark är 2,8 patienter/miljoner invånare/år. Vanligen är patienten uppkopplad till HPN-utrustningen 12-14 timmar/dygn. WHO (World Health Organisation) har utarbetat en definition av livskvalitet; ?Quality of life is defined as individuals? perceptions of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns.? Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie är att undersöka och beskriva hur patienter med parenteral nutrition i hemmet upplever sin livssituation och behandlingens inverkan på livskvaliteten.

The main purpose of this paper was to attempt to explain and to understand the causes of various types of eating disorders.The intention of the essay was to examine who are the different parties acting in this particular field that through research or other kinds of work, come to meet individuals that suffer from some kind of eating disorder. The aim was to explore the different concepts used within this specific field, and what main theories and viewpoints that exist within it.The methods used in the study were two. The essay was based mainly on a literature review, and in order to further highlight the different perspectives a number of qualitative interviews were conducted in addition to this. These methods aimed to give an overview of the different perspectives and standpoints that exist within the field of eating disorders.The conclusions drawn in this study were several. The results showed a relative consensus regarding the main causes for developing eating disorders.

Background: Studies showed differences in attitudes towards patients with mental illness in nurses who worked in somatic care compared to nurses who worked in psychiatric care. The nurses in somatic care stated more negative attitudes to mental illness in relation to the nurses in psychiatric care. Studies also showed that work experience affected attitudes towards mental illness. Nurses who often came in contact with people with mental illness had less negative attitudes and prejudices against mental illness. Aim: The aim was to examine the experiences from nurses in somatic care, caring for patients who also have a psychiatric diagnosis.

SammandragDen här masteruppsatsen handlar om hur unga vuxna ålänningar varierar språket och använder sig av dialektala drag på Facebook samt i sms-meddelanden och i e-post. Jag ser vilka nationella och regionala identiteter som de uppvisar i interaktion med främst andra ålänningar online. Jag undersöker om det är den åländska identiteten som märks mest när ålänningar kommunicerar på nätet, eller om de även identifierar sig som svenskar eller finländare.Uppsatsen delas upp i en kvalitativ och en kvantitativ del. I den inledande kvantitativa delen svarar 161 unga vuxna ålänningar på en enkät där dialektanvändandet i sociala medier är i fokus tillsammans med attityderna till den egna dialekten: ?När och till vem är det acceptabelt att skriva på dialekt??, ?I vilka sammanhang skulle du aldrig använda typiskt dialektala drag??.I den kvalitativa textstudien undersöker jag hur åländskan faktiskt används på Facebook samt i sms-meddelanden och e-brev.

Two post milkning teat dips (PMTD´s) were compared in an automatic milking system at Kungsängen Research Farm, owned by SLU (Swedish University of Agriculture) in Uppsala. In the experiment an evaluation system was used where teat condition regarding skin and teat ends was graded according to a scale where 1 was the best score and 5 the worst. The evaluation period was almost six months in total devided into four minor experimental periods. The technician scoring the teats did not know which PMTD that was currently used. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference between the two PMTD´s regarding teat skin condition, but not regarding teat ends.

This study focuses on why people not longer want to be a part of a religious communion they have earlier been a part of. To examine this I have made seven interviews with people who have left their previous communions. Together with the methodological and theoretical discussions on discourse analysis, Richard Jenkins discussions on identity and theories concerning the post-modern society, I have made an analysis on how these people consider their previous communions and its members. They refer i.e. to the social control, the ?closed? culture and the non-questioning-culture that constitute the communions and its techniques.

 Uppsatsen behandlar och belyser vilka diskurser som präglar den allmänna debatten och rapporteringen kring religionen islam och dess utövare muslimer i "dagens" tryckta svenska nyhetsmedia. Huvuddelen av studien är koncentrerad till att fastställa hur de både begreppen islam och muslim framställs och definieras i empirin, men problematiken kring huruvida ett "vi" och "de andra" tänkande existerar berörs likväl. Vidare reflekteras över differenser i det empiriska materialet. Materialet påvisar att det finns skillnader mellan hur de både begreppen beskriv i olika genrer i de aktuella texterna.  .

Akutvårdspersonal utsätts allt mera för svårare katastrofer och olyckor. Vilket leder till en ökad press på personalen. Syftet med denna studie var att belysa hur akutvårdspersonalen bearbetar traumatiska händelser för att inte utveckla post-traumatiskt stress syndrom. Metoden var en litteraturstudie. Artiklarna analyserades med Lundman och Graneheims (2008) kvalitativa innehållsanalys.18 artiklar analyserades.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur lärare säger sig uppfatta fritidspedagogens yrkesroll i skolan. Ett skriftligt frågeformulär skickades ut via e-post till fem olika pedagoger i skolår 1- 3. Formuläret bestod av öppna frågor. Urval av respondenter till studien gjordes från fem olika skolor i samma stad. Respondenterna hade olika lång arbetserfarenhet.

Since long time ago people have announced in one way or another when one of the membersof their family had died. In the old times ?oral? messages were used, e.g. people went to theirneighbors and told them what had happened. In church the priest announced the death of amember of the parish from the pulpit.When newspapers came into use at the end of 1800 and announcements became customary,this eventually turned out to be the ?proper? way in Sweden for announcing death.

AbstractThis literal review intended to assess and shed light upon if west-centric feminism justifiesthe neoliberal globalization that reproduces the reproduction of inequality in the world.The result indicated that sex is not sufficient to categorize a universal group of women andthat other aspects of social structures such as class, caste, ethnicity, race, religion and ageshould be included in transnational feminism, and that this discourse needs to becharacterized by contextual understanding of culture and power. Neoliberalism has createdspace for personal freedom and choice, but all do not possess the same conditions to utilisetools to attain positive progress in regard to these choices. Furthermore, this study hasrevealed that feminism is subordinate to the globalization of neoliberalism and that thepost-feminist trend could be perceived as being discrepant with a progressive transnationalfeminist movement..

Syftet med denna studie var att utifrån ett salutogent perspektiv undersöka om enhästunderstödd aktivitet med en ridterapeut kan påverka stress- och energinivå samtpositiv och negativ affekt hos individer. Studien belyser om en sådan aktivitet kanfungera som copingstrategi och ge stressreduktion. En utgångspunkt var också att undersöka könskillnader beträffande stressreaktioner. I studien användes Stress- och energitest samt PANAS-test för pre- och post-mätningar. I studien ingick 69 respondenter, 42 kvinnor och 27 män.

In the digitized world many organizations experience a large flow of information. To sort and manage all the information can be difficult. Individuals may experience a phenomenon called ?Information Overload?, due to the fact that the information flow is too extensive. There are various reasons why individuals are affected by this phenomenon.

The current study sought to examine if post-produced semantic memory cues are a good aid for memory recall. It also focused on remembering units with a meaning, instead of just remembering lists of words. In the current study a factual text was used where the participants were tasked with recalling as much information as possible either with the aid of cues (keywords written by the participants themselfs), computer with Internet or no aids at all. The results showed that keywords are significantly better for memory recall. The results were discussed in regards to modern models describing semantic memory.

Background:Incoming medical alarm is a common routine for emergency nurses. Working in these situations may represent a major burden on the individual nurse. Purpose: To investigate emergency room nurses' experiences in receiving medical alerts focused on education, safety, security, skills and experience, and andherence to guidelines. The purpose was also to investigate whether there were any differences in action between the emergency room nurses who had worked longer or shorter period than two years with this.Method:The design was quantitative, comparative and descriptive. Surveys were distributed to 30 nurses who worked in the emergency room at a Swedish hospital.