The aim of the study was to understand professionals? perceptions and experiences of adolescent stress. In the study I interested myself further if you can identify gender-specific patterns in the professional stories about young people's stress and stress related illness. Five interviews were conducted with professionals in psychiatry and social work. The thesis took its incipience in social constructionism.

Introduction: Sexual abuse is more common than statistics show; the number of unrecorded cases is high. Sexual abuse is hard to deal with, it is associated with taboo and shame and at the same time it is a trauma to the one who has been abused which will effect the rest of that persons life. Aim: The aim of this literature review is to describe men and women?s experiences of being sexually abused. Method: A literature review, inspired by Friberg (2006), was conducted.

This is a thesis about 9-12-year old girls and their leisure reading. The purpose of this study is to examine their reading experiences. The method we use is a combination of qualitative interviews and studies of literature. The thesis shows that there seem to be four basic needs in girls that can be satisfied by leisure reading; the need to develop language skills; the need to be entertained; the need to gain knowledge of the world and the need to get help to resolve personal issues. The interviews with nine girls show that they primarily read for fun and that the knowledge and insights that are conveyed in literature come in second place.

Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva blivande och legitimerade sjuksköterskors attityder och uppfattningar i behandlingen av akut smärta hos barn, samt hur blivande och legitimerade sjuksköterskor bedömer sin egen kunskapsnivå i smärthanteringen av barn med akut smärta. Datainsamling gjordes i fulltextdatabaserna ELIN@Dalarna, Blackwell Synergy och EBSCO Host. Sökord var nurse, acute pain, pain, pain management, children, nursing, assessment, pediatric, attitudes, beliefs och knowledge. Studiens resultat bygger på 16 vetenskapliga artiklar. Majoriteten av sjuksköterskorna ansåg att barn tolererar smärta sämre än vuxna och de var endast beredda att acceptera smärta hos barn i samband med mindre procedurer.

Abstract In this report I describe the Health Care Advice Bureau?s (sjukvårdsrådgivningen) historical background, proposals for its development according to a committee from the Blekinge County Council (Landstinget Blekinge), the Health Care Advice Bureau?s cooperation with different external operators e.g. the SOS and the Care Centers [Vårdcentraler]. I account for how I, in the same county council, aided by ethnographical methods observed or investigated the following: The nurses? interaction with the patients, the nurses? interaction among themselves, the nurses? participation in the development of the system and also the computer based system?s technical qualifications.

Background: Patients with leg ulcer suffers often of woundpain. Healthcare professionals will strive after having knowledge and understanding for how woundpain influences the patient's quality of life. Aim: The aim is to elucidate the patient's experiences of pain at venous leg ulcer and the effects on their daily life. Method: The procedure has been a systematic literature overview with a systematic search in different databases. The search resulted in nine scientific articles.

The aim of this study was to examine and analyze the experiences which social workers have of working with relatives of substance abusers. This included examining how they work with relatives who are in need of care and support and how the social workers identify their needs. We have also investigated how well informed the social workers are when it comes to approaches to helping relatives of substance abusers. A qualitative method has been used in this study in order to analyze the experiences of the social workers from a phenomenological point of view. This study was based on six semi-structured interviews.

Background Atelectasis is a commun respiratory complication related to general anesthesia and may contribute to pneumonia and acute respiratory failure. Atelectasis apear within 10 minutes after anesthetization and occur in 90% or more anesthezied patients regardless of age and gender. The aim of this study was to indentify if there are any evidence for which methods are ultimate or are most efficacious to reduce and prevent the formation of atelectasis.                                                                                                          Methods This study is a descriptive litterature study where 28 scientific studies have been indentified for review and analysis.                                                                                                               ResultsThe use of 100% oxygen during the induction of anesthesia favors the developement of atelectasis. This can be prevented by preoxygenation with oxygen content of 100% combined with a PEEP of 6-10 cmH2O. When free airway is secured, oxygenation with 100% was found to be unnecessary.

The purpose of this Bachelor Thesis is to examine what happens when the solitary reading experience becomes a social activity. The study is based on semi-structured interviews with three women belonging to the same reading group. I have used Sten Furhammar?s reading dimensions and categories to explain their reading experience, and Jenny Hartley, Elizabeth Long and Immi Lundin to explain the function that the reading group has for them, and the relationship between reading experiences in a book-discussion.My result shows that they started the reading group because they lacked an opportunity to discuss their readings with people that had the same interest in books. They do all have different ways to read, which is displayed by Furhammar?s categories personal and impersonal reading for experience.

The purpose of this study was to describe experiences in daily social life of parents of children with psychotic illness. Five parents with long-term experience of psychotic illness have been interviewed. The frame of reference in emotion theories of Thomas Scheff and Randall Collins have been used to analyze the results. The study is qualitative and has a phenomenological approach to shed lights of meanings in daily social life. The following meanings was found: Openness with certain reservation shows that honesty is important for the feeling of solidarity, Social expectations in daily life describes the parents´own expectations as well as expectations from others.

Bakgrund: Omvårdnadsdokumentationen ligger till grund för många beslut som fattas inom hälso- och sjukvården gällande patientens vård och behandling. Kvalitén på sjuksköterskors dokumentation är ett uppmärksammat problem. För att höja kvalitén behöver sjuksköterskors syn på dokumentation och dess innehåll kartläggas. Syfte: Målet med studien är att skapa en bild över sjuksköterskors perspektiv på dokumentation av psykiatrisk omvårdnad vid sluten psykiatrisk heldygnsvård. Metod: Studien baseras på data från intervjuer med totalt 10 sjuksköterskor från två olika kliniker vilka bedriver sluten psykiatrisk heldygnsvård.

This study focuses on aspects of cult experiences, given by deconverted formermembers of closed religious movements. Their testimonies were published inbooks or interviews. The aims of the study were to understand the interactionbetween the religious group and its members, living in high tension towardsmainstream society and their testimonies of altered self-esteem during attraction,membership, deconversion and defection. The purpose was to understand how aperson´s self-esteem is affected by inner mechanisms of closed religiousmovements and how these experiences affects a persons identity. Another aspectwas whether there might be differences in altered self-esteem, between those whoenlisted as adults, and those who were born into the closed religious contexts.Social Identity Theory, Sigmund Freud´s and Carl Rogers models of personal egowere used as models of interpretations.

This study focuses on the use of animals in social work from the perspective of social workers. The purpose of this study is to examine social workers? experiences of animal assisted social work and how social workers view the integration of animals in various fields of social work. The research is based on a qualitative method and four semi-structured interviews were conducted with social workers. The theories incorporated in the study are Attachment Theory and Sense of Coherence (SOC).The following results are presented: Social workers are considered to have a more comprehensive understanding of clients compared to their associates who do not hold a degree in Social Work.

The study aims to understand the underlying factor why McDonald's customers return despiteprevious failure customer experiences. Why do customers come back to the company thatcontributes to the former dissatisfaction? McDonald's attempt to maintain unceasingpurposeful emergence fail at the local level, where the customer contact occurs. McDonald'sofferings and customers' bounded rationality results in that customers are satisfied with an"ok" experience, which adds to their low expectations of McDonalds. This makes clear thatMcDonald's does not have to make an effort through constant adaptation at the local level toachieve a "great" level of satisfaction.

SammanfattningBakgrund: I Sverige utexamineras årligen drygt 4000 nya sjuksköterskor från en utbildning som kombinerar yrkesexamen och akademisk examen. Den första tiden i yrket kan upplevas påfrestande och stressig. Det är under denna tid som stöd är av stor vikt. Sjuksköterskans kliniska utövande och ansvars-område, omvårdnad, beskrivs som ett vitt begrepp med många dimensioner.Syfte: Att beskriva nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskors upplevelser av omvårdnad under det första året inom somatisk vård.Metod: En litteraturöversikt har genomförts där tolv vetenskapliga artiklar har analyserats med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Patricia Benners modell har använts som teoretisk utgångspunkt.Resultat: Nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor kan ha både positiva och negativa upplevelser av omvårdnad under deras första år.