Background: It has become important to be able to take advantage of employees' ideas for organizations today.  The contributed ideas can be developed into innovations. However, there are difficulties for businesses to take advantage and develop the employee provided ideas. It can lead to a stop in the organizations development.Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to gain a greater understanding of how organizations can take advantage of the employees' ideas and develop them into useful innovations for organizations.Method: The thesis consists of precipitated studies from the three organizations, a manufacturing company, a service company and the municipality of Karlskrona. The paper is based on qualitative research by collecting valuable insights through interviews.Conclusions: In this study, it has been proven that organizations today have a magnified view of the concept of innovation. They have difficulties in implementing the concept in day to day operations.

This thesis has been carried out in cooperation with Burseryds Bruk AB.Burseryds Bruk is a company that manufactures steel strapping. The thesis isabout developing a concept of protection that should be used to protect theoperators from the rotating parts of the machinery lines. The aim of the projectwas to improve work safety for operators working at the machines by producing aconcept for a protective device. The project's first part was based on ergonomic data collection methods tounderstand the operations performed on the machine and the hazard occurringduring the process. The methods used to collect data were, interviews,observations and questionnaires with the operators of the company. This was thenused to make the ergonomic analyzes hierarchical task analysis and link analysis. The data collected from the company's operators was used create 10 conceptswhich were then evaluated.

 This essay has been investigate a Hindu swaminarayantempel in central Sweden, its activities and function from a diaspora perspective. Also to investigate the relationship between Hindu diaspora groups and in relation to South Asia. An ethnographic method was used.The result of this study shows that the key activities temple provides the puja. Pujan is the most frequent activity in the investigated Temple. The temple also provides other activities that often are linked to anniversaries and celebrations of festive calendar, such as Diwali or gods' birthdays.The investigated temple has a similar function as other diaspora groups.

There are several competing views on how to best utilize air power. Following his quantitative study of air power, Robert Pape developed a theory which focuses on undermining the target state's military strategy. According to Pape it is possible to explain the outcome as a result of military vulnerability. This essay seeks to determine if Pape's theory can predict the outcome of Operation Unified Protector. By using a mixed methods approach on four hypotheses, it will be determined if the operation was a successful case of coercion, if NATO acted according to Pape's model and whether this achieved the desired effects or not. The results reveal that the theory could not successfully predict the outcome of the conflict.

This thesis compares the impact on disk performance in a GNU/Linux  environmentwith three encryption algorithms: AES,  Serpent and Twofish in three different implementations: DM-crypt, Loop-AES and Truecrypt. For all three algorithms a key length of 256 bits is used.The thesis shows that the least performance impact during data encryption, and thus file writing, is reached by using AES or Twofish encryption implemented in DM-crypt or TrueCrypt. The thesis shows that some data operations with a sufficiently low processor utilization barely affects disk performance at all if encrypted using the optimal implementation and algorithm.It is also discovered that the performance impact during data decryption, or file reading, can be minimized by using the most efficient implementation and algorithm. The best results are met with the AES or Twofish cipher, regardless of implementation.An important conclusion that  is  drawn is that it is hard to determine a superior encryption solution for all purposes. However, by reviewing and examining the collected data from all aspects of disk performance the AES implementation in TrueCrypt is, with small marginals, determined to be the most optimal..

The main objective of this study was to evaluate animal welfare situation in Ethiopia during slaughter and to investigate chain activities between animal markets and Kera abattoir in Addis Abeba. In total, 442 animals were observed within 52 groups of cattle; both ox and calves with different breeds. The study was divided into four different sets of data collection; behavioural observations, recording of slaughter process, observation during transport and interview. During the behavioural observations, an ethogram was used with 46 behaviours observed, categorised into 5 different groups. The data was calculated using Excel and SAS. The results indicated that a significant correlation (p-value.

This Masters thesis work describes a comparison between two different methods for estimation of the down channel (base station to mobile subscriber) in Wide-band Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA). The first estimation method, Optimal Feed-forward Channel Estimation (OFCE), is a conventional method that bases the estimates on data that is known to both sender and receiver, so called pilots. The second method, Decision Directed Channel Estimation (DDCE), is an elaboration of OFCE. It also uses user data for estimation. Simulations show that DDCE, in comparison to OFCE, does not attain an improvement in signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) for high bit error rates (BER). An improvement is only seen when the BER becomes much lower than what is common in real situations. In conclusion DDCE is complicated, involves many mathematical operations and gives insignificant improvement of SNR when BER takes common values. It is legitimate to question if it is possible to use the method in a real mobile phone system..

Efter Koalitionens ockupation av Irak i Mars 2003 har landets säkerhetssituation varit instabil och har idag utvecklats till ett lågintensivt inbördeskrig mellan olika befolkninggrupper. Redan i början av ockupationen började man rekrytera privata militära företag (PMF) för att hjälpa till att upprätta säkerhet i en skala som inte setts tidigare. Innan Irak var helt säkrat påbörjade Koalitionen, med hjälp från PMF, rekonstruktionsarbetet med vittgående reformer i synnerhet av säkerhetsinstitutionerna.Har de privata militära företagens närvaro påverkan på den fortsatta institutionaliseringen av säkerhetsorgan i Irak?Planeringen av rekonstruktions- och institutionaliseringsprocessen har utgått från teorin kring den moderna liberala fredsskolan.Hur går PMFs närvaro i Irak ihop med arbetet av statsbyggnad av ett postkonfliktuellt samhälle utifrån olika fredsbyggnadsteorier?Genom att sätta statsbyggnadsprocessen, med fokus på uppbyggandet av säkerhetsinstitutioner, i kontext med den vedertagna fredsskolans IRW-metod (Intervention, Reconstruction, Withdrawal) samt kritiken som utförs om den av statsvetaren Roland Paris i hans IBL-teori (Institutionalization Before Liberalization) analysera detta.Iraks fortsatta säkerhetsproblem och svårigheterna med utbyggandet av säkerhetsinstitutioner är en konsekvens av den bristfälliga planeringen och de ogenomtänkta säkerhetsreformerna är den största anledningen till det säkerhetsvakuum som är i Irak idag. PMFs påverkan i processen är p.g.a.

The environmental debate is more intensive than ever before and the demands on companies increase. There are a number of methods to make it easier for the companies to fulfil the demands. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) end ecodesign are some of the methods that can be used. Syntronic AB has the possibility to reduce the products´ environmental impact in the design phase. Therefore it is important for the company to make it possible to visualize the negative environmental impacts a product can cause in an easy way. It is also important to visualize for there clients if any improvement is possible. The purpose of this thesis is to develop a simplified model.

I ett team ingår flera professioner och för att arbeta i ett team krävs det att kunna kommunicera med varandra. Genom att belysa vad som påverkar kommunikationen och hur kommunikationen påverkar människan, kan det leda till att människan utvecklar sin förmåga att kommunicera, vilket i sin tur leder till ett förbättrat arbetsklimat. Syftet med studien är att belysa kommunikationens betydelse för människan i det opererande teamet och eventuella orsaker som påverkar kommunikationen. Metoden är en litteraturöversikt med kvalitativ innehållsanalys av vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultatet redovisas med hjälp av tre huvudteman och 11 subteman där kommunikationens process belyses.

Today, the catering personnel are an essential part of the safety organization on board Swedish passenger vessels in ferry services. Their responsibilities for the safety on board have increased in connection with the changes in regulations made on the shipping industry. These changes have been mostly related to human factors and structural leadership in the last 25 years.A well-functioning safety organization requires competence and commitment from every individual. Previous researches on Swedish passenger ferries concerning the safety organization have raised issues regarding the catering personnel?s perception of the safety on board.

Denna uppsats har som syfte att undersöka huruvida det i Militärstrategisk doktrin respektive Doktrin för marina operationer beskrivna manövertänkandet tillämpas vid internationella insatser med fartygsförband. Bakgrunden till detta är att det sedan doktrinerna skrevs har genomförts sådana, vilket innebär ett underlag som inte fanns under framtagandet av doktrinerna.Studien genomförs som en fallstudie av insatsen ME01 inom ramen för EUNAVFOR Operation Atalanta utanför Somalia mellan maj och september 2009. Data samlas in i huvudsak genom intervjuer med ett urval av deltagande officerare.Resultaten av studien visar att inom förbandet ME01 förekom manövertänkande, men det kan inte konstateras vara som ett resultat av något medvetet val eller av att det var en internationell insats. Avseende hela operationen konstateras snarare en avsaknad av manövertänkande som huvudmetod, vilket framförallt hänförs till egenskaper som återfinns i multinationella operationer..

Swedish preschools have a variety of children of different ethnic origins. The intention of this thesis is twofold; firstly to deeply examine how preschool teachers work with languages and secondly how to integrate the Swedish language with other native languages in practice. Hence, the aim is to get a deeper understanding and knowledge about how to integrate multilingual children that have other languages than Swedish as their mother tongue. The data collection for this dissertation is based on observations and interviews with three preschool teachers and child minders. The theoretical background is taken from literature which describes the social cultural perspective.

The National Property Board (SFV) has been appointed by the Swedish government to administer all property of cultural value owned by the Swedes collectively. The commission includes maintaining the soul and character of each individual building, to adapt these buildings to present needs and requirements, and furthermore making them available to the public. The return on equity demanded by the government is based on the CAPM used within the real estate industry. The theoretical assumption that organizations are either function-driven or pay-driven will serve as a starting point, after which SFV will be defined as a function-driven organization with a pay-formed management control system. This paper aims to examine how applying a pay-formed management control system will affect a function-driven organization.

Uppsatsen beskriver arbetet och undersökning för hur deduplicering i filsystemet ZFS påverkar effektförbrukningen. En större mängd redundant data förekommer i centraliserade lagringssystem som förser virtualiserade servrar med lagringsutrymme. Deduplicering kan för den typen av lagringsmiljö eliminera redundant data och ger en stor besparing av lagringsutrymme. Frågan som undersökningen avsåg att besvara var hur ett lagringssystem påverkas av det extra arbete som det innebär att deduplicera data i realtid.Metoden för att undersöka problemet var att utföra fem experiment med olika typer av scenarion. Varje scenario innebar att filer kopierades till ett lagringssystem med eller utan deduplicering för att senare kunna analysera skillnaden.