Background: Pervious research indicates that communication between patient and nurse has shortcomings. For the nurse, difficulties in care giving may emerge when the nurse and patient cannot understand each other. Research also shows that patients? participation in their care become more difficult by lack of communication. The care giving of patients who speak a different language is seen as a challenge by the nurse.

Amyotrofisk lateral skleros klassas som en neurologisk sjukdom där de motoriska nervcellerna i hjärnan, hjärnstammen och ryggmärgens yttre del degenererar. Någon kurativ behandling för patienter med ALS finns inte i nuläget. Behandlingen inriktas därför på att möta behoven som patienterna utvecklar under det snabba sjukdomsförloppet för att ge den bästa palliativa vården. Syftet med vår litteraturstudie var att undersöka vilka omvårdnadsbehov en patient med ALS och deras vårdgivare har. Resultatet har tematiserats efter patienterna och vårdgivarnas fysiska, psykiska, existentiella och social behov.

ABSTRACT Author: Johan PetterssonTitle: Customer Loyalty in the Swedish men's elite football - a study with IF ElfsborgPurpose Increase understanding of how to increase customer loyalty when it comes to Swedish elite football. Method A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews for deeper access to the what the people I interviewed feel about the subject. The interviews are conducted with IF Elfsborgs club president Stefan Andreasson, Goran Lohne who works with media and events, and Eric Sjölin who are supportercontact. In addition to those I alsointerviewed the supporters club Guliganernas President Anders Hultin. Analysis and conclusion The first impression and attitude is very important when a person goes from a one-timebuyers into loyal customers. This is both the theories and the interviewees opinion. Through staff training and records of how the club would like the first impression and attitude to be the clubs can reach a good level of first impression. Suggestions for further researchTo carry out similar studies on additional clubs, other divisions and women's football and examine how a first impression and response should be.Keywords Consumer behavior, customer loyalty, sports, football and first impressions.

The thesis is aiming to investigate what happens in the customer-service worker interaction when the service worker is wearing religious attributes. In order to operationalize this the Muslim head scarf, hijab, is chosen as stimuli. Reviewing previous research and theory in this field, it is clear that people have a preference for people that they perceive to be like themselves, this is referred to as homophily. Further on, the study investigates the ethnicity dimension of the service worker customer interaction. Theoretical areas of attractiveness and color are also investigated.

BackgroundThe lifeworld describes the experience of being a humanbeing, how we experience life and how we live our lifes. When a disease, such as depression occurs, the whole lifeworld can be filled with suffering. Depression is an affective disease, which means it involves the emotions. The patient gets dejected and the emotional devotion abates. Broken sleep, anxiety, pain, concentrations difficulties, fatigue and reduced appetite is some of the symptoms.

The aim is to describe the factors that influence nurses' assessment and measurement of pain in patients. Literature study based on 13 reviewed articles, searched in the Cinahl. Qualitative and quantitative articles were analyzed. Six themes were identified that can be seen as the factors that influence nurses' assessment and measurement. The themes were   pain education, nurses´ experience in the profession, nurses´ level of knowledge about pain relief, documentation about pain, nurse´s perspective on the patient, and pain measurement.

Bakgrund: Av Sveriges befolkning har ca 2-4,5 % diagnosen diabetes. Av de diagnostiserade har 10-15% typ 1 diabetes och resterande typ 2 diabetes. Eftersom sjukdomen ständigt ökar så finns dessa patienter överallt. Det finns således stor möjlighet att som färdig sjuksköterska träffa dessa patienter både inom primärvård och slutenvård. Syfte: Syftet med den här litteraturstudien är att beskriva hur en sjuksköterska kan undervisa en patient med diabetes typ 2 för att uppnå följsamhet till egenvård.

SUMMARYPrevious research has shown that there is a connection between the doorways and postoperative wound infections. Despite recommendations from Socialstyrelsen and the individual hospitals' PM there is still high traffic in the operating theatres. In a hybrid theatre environment combined X-ray techniques of surgery, resulting in it being further two categories inside the operating theatre. This may generate an increase in traffic flow. The study is a prospective, non-participant observation study conducted in the spring of 2013 at a university hospital in western Sweden.

Falls and fallinjuries are very common in peoples own homes in various institutions. Hospital inpatients often fall during daytime in connection with their visit to the toilet. Visual impairment such as cataract, glaucoma, macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy can cause falls. The purpose of this study was to examine patient´s records where falls and fallinjuries were documented at an emergency clinic and to examine if they were registered to visual impairment. The records from 68 hospital inpatients from the age of 65 years and older who did fall during the year of 2004, were examined.

Sustainable design - a study on sustainable design and its incentives and barriersThe purpose of this study was to investigate the incentives and barriers existing within companies focusing on eco-design. The aim was also to examine the consumers? thoughts on eco-design and sustainable products. A further aim was to try to concretize important lessons for future work on sustainable production and consumption. Two methods were used for completing this study; a literature study and a practical study consisting of interviews with companies focusing on eco-design and a survey among students.

Background: Insufficient physical activity is a public health problem. The Swedish recommendation is to be physically active for a minimum of 30 minutes every day, which is fulfilled by about half the adult population. Recent research has shown that sedentary behavior is an independent risk factor. Physical activity on prescription (FaR®) is an individually adapted and written prescription, a method to encourage physical activity. The National Board of Health and Welfare has observed that counseling combined with a written prescription convey better adherence than just counseling.

This thesis treats the topic of user-generated comments connected with news stories on news sites, meaning electronic word-of-mouth combined with PR. The writers have examined how different types of comments affect consumers' perception of the article and also what communication effects these comments generate in terms of attitudes, purchase intent and word-of-mouth intent. The results interesting to the news site owners, is that lots of comments and negative comments generate a negative effect by making the actual article less credible, attractive and worth reading (relative to the subsequent comments). On the positive side, serious comments imply that the news story is perceived as more interesting, than a news story followed by non-serious comments. From a brand equity perspective, the interesting results show that few comments compared to lots of comments, generate a better attitude to the brand, even though there is no difference in how positive or negative the comments are.

Syftet med denna studie var att se effekten och upplevelsen av två månaders sjukgymnastik och informationsöverföring på distans via videokommunikation i realtid för en axelledsopererad patient och dennes slutenvårds- och öppenvårdssjukgymnast. Studien involverade en patient som opererades vid Sunderby sjukhus (SY). Efter utskrivningen genomfördes sjukgymnastik på distans med sjukgymnasten på sjukhuset och patienten i hemmet under två månaders tid. Den teknik som har använts är videokommunikation Integrated System Digital Network (ISDN), (TV-monitor, kamera, mikrofon, belysning och videobandspelare), som kopplats in via det digitala telefonnätverket dels i patientens hem dels på sjukhuset. Resultaten visade att patientens smärta reducerades och att axelrörlighet, funktionsförmåga, muskelstyrka, sömn, hälsorelaterad livskvalitet och tillfredsställelse förbättrades efter operationen och två månaders sjukgymnastik på distans via videokommunikation..

Introduction: Balance between the essential nutritive substances is important for aperson to maintain health. The surgical patient can be stricken with conditions, whichhave a negative impact on this balance and can lead to malnutrition. Working as a nurseit is important to identify patients that are malnourished or is in the risk zone ofmalnourishment since 30 % of all patients in hospitals are malnourished.Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the compliance to the guidelines fornutritional assessment and parenteral nutrition on a surgical ward. Also whether thenutritional treatment/-support was reported to the next caregivers if the patient wasmalnourished or was in the risk zone of malnourishment at the time of discharge.Method: 80 patients enrolled on the ward in the beginning of year 2011 were included.Audit of patient records was made according to the hospital guidelines for nutrition andparenteral nutrition and followed a study specific protocol.Results: The examination of the case records showed that the guidelines for nutritionwere partly complied with. Nutritional treatment/-support was reported to the nextcaregivers when needed.

Behandling och omvårdnad är en stor utmaning för intensivvårdsteamet p.g.a. den intensivvårdskrävande patientens komplexa behov. Mobilisering av patienten är en omvårdnads-åtgärd som används för att optimera patientens fysiska och psykiska status. Kunskapen om mobiliseringens eventuella nytta kommer från kunskap om immobiliseringens negativa effekter d.v.s. att sängliggande leder till risker för komplikationer.