SammanfattningSyfte och frågeställningarSyftet med studien var att undersöka gymnasieelevers lunchvanor i relation till de svenska energi- och näringsrekommendationerna. Följande frågeställningar kommer att besvaras:Hur väl uppfyller gymnasieelevers lunch[1] de svenska näringsrekommendationerna med avseende på energi och näring?Finns det några könsskillnader beträffande i hur väl energi- och näringsrekommendationerna uppfylls?MetodMetoden som användes var en prospektiv kostregistreringsmetod med hjälp av fotografering. De undersökta eleverna går i årskurs 1 och 2 på gymnasiet i en skola söder om Stockholm. Vi fotograferade elevernas tallrikar, glas och eventuella tillbehör som knäckebröd samt en nummerlapp som identifierade eleverna under lunchtiderna i en skolveckas tid.

Stroke is caused by a bleeding or infarct in the brain and is one of the most common diseases in Sweden today. The purpose of the study was to evaluate if Ronnie Gardiner?s Rhythm Therapy (RGR-therapy) has any effect, regarding motor control and the subjective experienced health related quality of life, on people who have been affected by stroke. The examination group consisted of eight people. The intervention consisted of RGR-therapy once a week during a period of nine weeks.

Kennelhosta är ett samlingsnamn för en grupp virus- och bakterieinfektioner som ofta drabbar hundar som är tillsammans med större grupper av andra hundar. Symptomen är oftast milda, vanligtvis med en torr, hackande hosta, men kan i vissa fall ta sig uttryck som svårare symptom som lunginflammation. De vanligaste infektionsämnena är hundens parainfluensavirus (CPIV), hundens respiratoriska coronavirus (CRCoV), hundens adenovirus typ 2 (CAV-2) och bakterien Bordetella bronchiseptica. Hundens respiratoriska coronavirus är det virus som undersöktes i studien som ligger till grund för den här rapporten. Familjen coronavirus innehåller de största membranomslutna virusen med RNA som arvsmassa med genomstorlekar på upp till 32000 baser.

C-reaktivt protein (CRP) är ett akutfasprotein som ökar snabbt och kraftigt vid inflammationstillstånd och vars nivå korrelerar väl med inflammationstillståndets omfattning och allvarlighetsgrad. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka förändring av CRP-koncentration i serum hos hund i samband med kirurgi, om association kunde ses mellan vissa sorters operationer och vissa CRP-nivåer, samt om skillnad i CRP-nivå kunde ses mellan hundar med och utan postoperativa tecken på sjukdom som inte är att förvänta efter kirurgi. Avsikten är att hjälpa veterinärer vid bedömning om en operation orsakat en förväntad omfattning av vävnadsskada samt ifall en avvikande CRP-nivå kan användas som hjälp för att identifiera patienter med postoperativa komplikationer. Blodprover från totalt 58 hundar som genomgick olika sorters kirurgiska ingrepp analyserades med en immunoturbidometrisk metod. De flesta hundar med låg koncentration av CRP innan operation hade en ökad koncentration 24 timmar efter operation (n=44), men i två fall där hundarna genomgått kirurgi med liten vävnadstraumastorlek (artroskopi och orkiektomi) sågs ingen ökning i CRP-koncentration 24 timmar efter operation. Av hundarna som provtogs både 24 och 48 timmar efter operation hade fem hundar högst koncentration 24 timmar efter operation och fem hundar hade högst koncentration 48 timmar efter operation. Det vore av värde med ytterligare studier för att undersöka mer exakt hur lång tid efter ett kirurgiskt ingrepp man kan förvänta sig högst koncentration CRP. CRP-koncentrationerna 24 timmar efter operation, för hundarna som hade CRP-koncentrationer .

This report is about Swedish statistics on work related accidents and work related diseases onboard Swedish ships. The authors analyzed collected statistics from two authorities and an insurance organization in an attempt to compare the data. In order to understand the need for statistics and why the authority publishes them; minor literature study was conducted. The results of the literature study are in the background chapter. The requirements for the different cases to be registered in the statistics have been investigated, in unity with the issue in question.

This paper presents a study of the attitudes and values related to gender young people have. Five people, four women and one male, all about eighteen years old, were interviewed about their attitudes and values related to gender.Although the study is relatively small, the results are compatible with other published studies and indicate that young people, without consideration to their sex, has a very traditional view on gender. The study also indicates that the attitudes seem to be established very early in life. Probably the most important factor to determine the attitudes and values of the child is the parent's opinions. The result show that the interviewed persons did not think their attitudes and values towards gender where influenced by media, TV etc...

Det finns många som har en vegetarisk kost och det finns ett ökat allmänt intresse om det samtidigt som användandet av personlig tränare ökar. Syftet med denna uppsats var att ta reda på några personliga tränares kännedom om vegetarisk kost och hur de implementerar den då de har kunder med vegetarisk kost. Metoden som användes i denna studie var kvalitativa delvis strukturerade intervjuer med åtta olika licensierade personliga tränare. Intervjumaterialet transkriberades och analyserades enligt kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Dialog via mail fördes med olika skolor som utbildar personliga tränare angående huruvida de lär ut om kost och om de hade någon speciell del om just vegetarisk kosthållning.

The habits of living are seen as important factors for public health, and are related to the primary socialization. Exercise and food habits are two main factors for development of health or ill health and are both related to the overweight epidemic. The overweight increase among children and youth has been given particular attention. The aim of this study is to examine how 15 year olds Body Mass Index, food- and exercise habits are connected to each other and also how they are related to socialization. The study is a cross sectional survey among 208 pupils in ninth grade, Kristianstad.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease, where joints are attacked by the own immune system, leading to chronic inflammation and destruction of bone and cartilage. Inflammation is a complex process, controlled by many different substances. One of them is adenosine, which has anti-inflammatory properties. In this project, three polymorphisms in different genes, involved in synthesis and signaling of adenosine, were genotyped for 188 patients with RA and 362 controls without RA. The results shows that for the polymorphism in A2a, a gene coding for an adenosine receptor, there was no significant difference in genotype distribution between the groups.

The Purpose of this paper is to illustrate how schoollibrarians work with integration. The study is based on thefollowing questions:1. How does the school library personal look on integration?2. What does the school library personal approach say abouttheir work with integration of persons with a differentbackground then Swedish?The method I chose to study this through is severalqualitative interviews with school library personal as well asearlier related research.The theory I chose to use for this study is Hans Ingvar Rothsmodel of the integration process.The results show that the school library personal does defineintegration even if they do not work with integration rightnow.My study also shows that there are some obstacles to thiswork, which is related to the lack of funds and other issues.And that the school library personal has different view ofwhat integration is..

Destillers dried grains with soluble (DDGS) is a by-product when producing ethanol. DDGS from wheat has a high crude protein content and a good amino acid profile, which makes it an interesting feed ingredient for poultry. The disadvantage of feeding DDGS from wheat to poultry is that it also contains a high fiber content that chickens don?t have the ability to break down. Lantmännen Agroetanol has developed a new protein feedstuff from DDGS by extracting wheat protein from DDGS, the product name is Agroprotein SD.

Sheep have played a very important part in rural history. In Sweden there were many kinds of small native breeds, kept for their meat and fleece. Women cared for the flock that often had very little to feed on during the cold and sometimes harsh winter months. This meant that these sheep over time acquired special phenotypic properties depending on the environment they lived in, and easily fed compared to modern breeds kept for meat. Most of these sheep have since become extinct.

The purpose of the present essay, as part of the project Self esteem and Life circumstances among teenagers, was to investigate the rate of both deliberate self-harm (DSH) and risk behaviour related to eating disorders in 14-year-old swedish adolescents, gender differences in DSH, and possible correlations between DSH and risk behaviours related to eating disorder. In addition, the effects of expressive writing (Pennebaker & Beall, 1986) on DSH and risk behaviours related to eating disorders were investigated. Data from two pilot studies are included. In total, 198 14-year-olds from four different schools in southern Sweden participated. For the purpose of measuring the rate of DSH, a simplified version of Gratz's (2001) Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI) was used.

Around 30,000 people in Sweden suffer stroke every year, out of which about 12,000 end up with language difficulties, aphasia. Behind every person with aphasia there are significant others whose lives are also affected. Studies of how aphasia affects the health of these people are few. The overall aim of the present study was to examine how significant others of people with aphasia perceive their life situation, and how their quality of life is affected by the illness of their partner. Spouses of people with aphasia were contacted through aphasia groups and the Swedish Aphasia Association.

Since the first wolf was taken as a companion animal a lot have happened with the biology of these animals. Is it possible that changes in the gut microbiota of the domestic dog are involved in the increasing numbers of animals with gastrointestinal disorders? Probiotics have been proven to promote the immune system of dogs by increasing concentrations of neutrophils and monocytes, decreasing the fragility of erythrocytes and increasing the serum IgG concentrations. Probiotics have also been shown to improve the fecal consistency, fecal dry matter and defecation frequency of dogs. The aim of this study was to find out if the bacterial counts in the gut of dogs differed from the gut of wolves, with the focus on lactobacilli.