The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of strategy for grouping calves into group pens with automatic milk-feeding systems on the calves' health and growth rate. The usefulness of changes in feeding behavior recorded by the computerized milk-feeder during periods of illness to identify calves with clinical diease was also studied. In the first experiment, 64 calves were moved in and out of group pens in a continuous way, while 46 calves were transferred into group pens until the the pen was considered "full". The calves in the latter groups were then held together until weaning. It was found that calves in the fixed groups grew approximately 100 g / day more compared to the calves in the dynamic groups. Signs of clinical respiratory disease were less frequent in this group, while the incidence of diarrhoea was slightly higher. In the second experiment health parameters, milk consumption and feeding behaviour was recorded daily for 46 calves.

Den stora manliga dominansen inom musikbranschen, och dess olika villkor fo?r kvinnor och ma?n, har lett till uppkomsten av organisationer som vill utja?mna ko?nsbalansen. Popkollo fo?rso?ker uppna? detta genom att ordna musikla?ger, speciellt riktade till tjejer.Syftet med min underso?kning a?r att fa?nga unga musicerande tjejers bera?ttelser om sina upplevelser innan, under, och efter ett Popkollo. Dessa upplevelser skildrar jag utifra?n en kvalitativ intervjustudie med 18 kollodeltagare fra?n sommaren 2013.

The interest in small-scale electricity in Sweden has increased strongly in recent years. The interest is noticeable both among politicians to increase the share of renewables in the energy mix, and among electricity consumers to partially replace purchased electricity with self-produced. This has resulted in a significant increase of electricity production in low voltage grids in recent years, and the trend appears to continue in the coming years. The majority of the new production plants are solar cells, followed by wind turbines, and it is also in these the greatest efforts are made in this paper.Distributed generation is often seen as something positive since it will contribute to reduced transmission losses and reduced voltage drop in the networks, and that it increases the share of electricity from renewable sources. In cases where the grids are not strong enough, or in other ways not adapted to manage the installed production, power quality may be adversely affected.

This paper aims to analyze the effect of the American Subprime crisis of 2007 through the perspective ofHaynes Minsky?s model according to Charles Kindleberger. The investigation revolves how the anatomyof a financial crisis develops and how it is applicable to the Subprime crisis. More specific conclusionsare derived from applying Minsky?s model to the three largest American indices; Dow Jones industrialaverage, S&P500 and NASDAQ.To deepen the analysis the Case-Shiller home price indices acts as a second parameter tocompliment Minsky?s perspective with Robert J.

The purpose of this study is to focus on library service for children in a hospital, which in turn is seen in relation to a traditional children s library. Four aspects of library work were investigated. These aspects were working methods, partners of co-operation for the libraries, media policy (acquisition, use of the collection and circulation procedures), as well as programme activities for children.The research method was qualitative and comparative in nature, consisting of case studies of two libraries : (1) the library in a children s hospital, known as Bokskogen at Astrid Lindgren s children s hospital in Stockholm and (2) a traditional children s library, the children s department at Eslövs city library. In each library interviews were conducted. The investigation shows that the librarians in the hospital library must be more outreaching and active in order to stimulate children to use library materials.

This thesis considers the development of the software for an, newly developed, embedded real-time control system, based on a Periferal Interface Controller (PIC). The control system is developed to be used for several different applications. In this thesis work, software for two different applications are developed. The first task is a time controlled system, while the other task is implementation of aPI-/PID-controller. A user interface is also developed and implemented.The time controlled system is an automatic horse feeder, which is used for feeding horses at certain predefined points in time.

AbstractObjectivePatients with Parkinson?s disease often have symptoms of dysphagia. These swallowingproblems have consequences for quality of life as well for the physical wellbeing of thepatients. AimThe aim of this study was to describe and correlate Swallowing Quality of Life (SWAL-QOL)scores, self-assessment of swallowing function using a visual analogue scale and the resultsfrom a fiber endoscopic evaluation of swallowing function in patients who had been selectedfor Deep Brain Stimulation in caudal zona incerta. A secondary aim was to correlate diseaseduration with results from SWAL-QOL and the fiber endoscopic evaluation of swallowingfunction.MethodTen male Parkinson?s patients (age 45-69 yrs, median 61.5 yrs) who were selected for DeepBrain Stimulation completing the Swallowing Quality of life form, as well as rating theirswallowing function using a visual analogue scale and undergoing a fiber endoscopicevaluation of their swallowing function.    ResultsThe median total SWAL-QOL score was 94% while the mean was 91%.

Den stora manliga dominansen inom musikbranschen, och dess olika villkor fo?r kvinnor och ma?n, har lett till uppkomsten av organisationer som vill utja?mna ko?nsbalansen. Popkollo fo?rso?ker uppna? detta genom att ordna musikla?ger, speciellt riktade till tjejer.Syftet med min underso?kning a?r att fa?nga unga musicerande tjejers bera?ttelser om sina upplevelser innan, under, och efter ett Popkollo. Dessa upplevelser skildrar jag utifra?n en kvalitativ intervjustudie med 18 kollodeltagare fra?n sommaren 2013.

AbstractEmbla 5 is an office building which has done a large improvement. The clients of this building has made an order of WSP and the student Anders Kempe to calculate the use of energy for the building, and after that result proposing further measures which can decrease the energy use of Embla 5.The ground for this report is when calculation of the present energy use of the building is stated. To make that information of a number of parameters such as envelope, the heating system and ventilation has been located and set in to the simulation program IDA ICE which calculate the energy use.To improve the energy use further this project has been concentrated to change the system of ventilation. Today the ventilation system is of the kind CAV (constant air volume) and the air flow is dimensioned for after recommendations from BBR and Arbetsmiljöverket in the office spaces. Consider that Embla 5  is an office building where the people only staying for 8-10 hours/day so was the ide to see how much energy saving if the air flow is reduced the time people not being in the building.

AimThe specific questions in the theoretic part were:What is contained in the terms "balance and balance skill" and how can this skill be measured?The specific questions in the empirical part were:How does balance skill in different age categories of children correlate with biological and physiological parameters such as age, gender, body height, weight and level of physical activity?MethodsLiterature search based on books and scientific papers related to the questions posed above. Selection was made at libraries and on?line through "Pubmed". Specific search words were used.

A piezoelectric injector was modeled, in this Master Thesis Project which was carried out at Scania CV AB in Södertälje, in GT-Fuel. GT-Fuel is simulation program from Gamma Technology.The simulation model for the piezo injector was divided into a hydro-mechanical system and an electrical system (Piezoelectric element). First the hydro-mechanic model was duplicated from Advance Continuous Simulation Language model (ACSL). The simulation results were then compared to the ACSL, to verify that the hydro-mechanical system was modeled correctly. The simulation results for the electrical model were also compared with a Simulink model.

The system tungsten-oxygen has potential of being suitable for decorative coatings since ceramic coatings are often hard and wear resistant, and since modulations in oxygen content or incorporation of small ions could give bright colours. The aim of this report was to investigate the relationship between process parameters and  the properties of the films, with the wear resistance being of special interest.Samples with tungsten to oxygen ratios in the range of 100:0 to 25:75 at% were made using reactive sputter deposition, either with constant gas flow, or gas flow controlled by optical emission of the plasma. The hysteresis of the system, which means that a certain gas flow will cause different pressure and/or target voltage depending on in what way the flow is reached, makes it interesting to control the process where the system makes the steep change from metallic tungsten to ceramic tungsten oxide. This is difficult and thus requires precise control equipment.The samples were analysed using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and an empirical wear test suitable for small components like cell phone cover for example, in order to characterize the structure, composition and wear resistance of the coatings. The results could be divided into three groups: (I) tungsten-like, with very low oxygen content; (II) mixed phase and (III) tungsten oxide like, with oxygen content close to 75 at%.

Information stored on unprotected computers that gets lost or stolen, and falls intothe wrong hands, can easily be accessed by moving the hard disk to a controlledcomputer, or by booting the computer from a removable medium, in order to getaround the operating system login. This is something that largely affects companieswhere customer information, trade secrets and other sensitive information can becompromised. A classic solution to the problem is encryption of individual files, but ithas some drawbacks as it puts a great responsibility on the users and unencryptedinformation can be left by mistake. A better solution to the problem is transparentencryption of the entire hard disk, i.e. that encryption and decryption of informationis performed automatically and without the user being affected.

Automatic rumination measuring can be applied as a health indicator in dairy farming but is also highly desirable for research purposes. This study aimed to validate the technical functionality of the product RuminActTM, which employ acoustics to monitor rumination duration. The time budget of high yielding cows was studied and possible differences in rumination time between 13 rations were interpreted. Further the study examined what affects daily rumination and rumination efficiency. The validation was performed with direct observations that were compared to the automatically recorded rumination durations.

Many watersheds have lost stocks of migrating fish species because of the development of hydroelectric plants and other fragmenting barriers. The remaining stocks of migrating Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) in River Klarälven, Sweden are five times smaller compared to one hundred years ago. A fish-trap at the hydroelectric plant in Forshaga has been vital for the continued existence of the stocks. This is the first hydroelectric plant of eight, blocking the way to the spawning grounds. Spawners are collected in the trap for both hatchery and transport by truck upstream and past seven more hydroelectric plants to the spawning grounds, where they are released for possible natural reproduction.