This is a study about children?s welfare and the Child Care Board way of working in Malmö city. We decided to make this a narrative and document analyses where the main focus have been the interactions between human beings, which means everything from the interaction between parents and child as well as the interaction between families and society.We wanted to investigate any possible alterations within the working system between 1931?1940. Our analysis showed that there hasn?t been a big change with the Swedish legislation.

Begreppet palliativ vård började användas på 1980-talet som en synonym till hospice. Palliativ vård står för lindrande och stödjande vård i ett skede då patientens sjukdom inte längre anses botbar. Det huvudsakliga målet blir då att lindra smärta och att ge socialt, psykologiskt och existentiellt stöd till patienten och närstående. Sjuksköterskans roll i den palliativa vården är att känna in och bekräfta patientens symtom och behov för att kunna ta beslut om vilken omvårdnad som behövs. Syftet med studien var att belysa sjuksköterskors känslor, tankar och upplevelser av att vårda patienter palliativt i hemmet.

När en familjemedlem får palliativ vård i livets slut i hemmet förändras livssituationen för hela familjen. Närstående kan uppleva att de bär huvudansvaret när vården sker i hemmet, även om de får stöd från vårdarna. Vissa närstående önskar att vara delaktiga i vården medan andra blir det ofrivilligt. Om vårdarna tar del av familjens förändrade livsvärld finns förutsättningar för att skapa en god vårdrelation med både familjemedlemmen och dennes närstående. Genom att ta del av närståendes upplevelser och förväntningar kan vårdarna få en bättre förståelse för närståendes livssituation och ge stöd utifrån detta.

The proponents for conscience wants to get a clause that will allow the health professionals to due. scruples waive certain duties. Swedens decision makers has despite pressure from the Christian De-mocrats and the Sweden Democrats decided not to implement freedom of conscience in health care. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether Sweden has the obligation to provide for freedom of conscience in health care. Furthermore, it must be examined, whose rights according to the law will go first, health professionals right to freedom of conscience or the patient right to equal treat-ment.

Bakgrund: Behovet av palliativ vård är stort och kommer att öka i framtiden eftersom att allt fler svårt sjuka patienter önskar att avsluta sitt liv i hemmet. Distriktssköterskans vårdrelation till svårt sjuka patienter är avgörande för en god palliativ hemsjukvård. Denna vårdform är distriktssköterskans centrala roll att anpassa omvårdnadsåtgärder efter den enskilde patientens önskemål, dennes hälsotillstånd, personlighet, närstående och hem.Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa distriktssköterskors erfarenheter av att skapa en vårdrelation i mötet med patienten inom palliativ hemsjukvård.Metod: Semistrukturerade intervjuer med sju distriktssköterskor genomfördes. Intervjumaterial transkriberades och analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys med induktiv ansats.Resultat: Analysen resulterade i två kategorier; distriktssköterskans förhållningssätt och yttre faktorer som påverkar vårdrelationen. Distriktssköteskans förhållningssätt innefattade att vara professionell, att ge tid, samtal, vikten av kontinuitet, att ge stöd och dela med sig av kunskaper.

INTRODUCTION: Research from both nurse and patient perspective highlights shortcomings in psychiatric inpatient care for people with Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI). Nursing for people with NSSI, a subject in need for further knowledge, is in this study examined through a theoretical framework based on Person-Centered Nursing and Patientology AIM: Based on people's own experiences of being cared for NSSI in psychiatric inpatient care, the aim is to elucidate development opportunities for the nursing care of this group of patients.METHOD: Seven informants, all women aged 25-31, were interviewed about their experiences of nursing in psychiatric inpatient care. The transcribed text was analyzed and categorized according to an existential hermeneutic research approach.RESULTS: The categorization of the interviews resulted in seven areas of nursing in need of development. Knowledge, Environment, Information, Routines, Involvement, Communication and The nurse?s actions.CONCLUSION: Development of nursing is prevented since NSSI is stigmatized within psychiatric inpatient care.

I mötet med patienter möter sjuksköterskan även anhöriga. En del anhöriga har valt att själva vårda sin sjuka närstående. Idag har det återigen blivit vanligt att anhöriga vårdar sjuka närstående i det egna hemmet. Syftet med denna studie är att belysa vuxna anhörigvårdares upplevelser av att ge palliativ vård till svårt sjuka vuxna närstående i det egna hemmet. Nio kvalitativa studier har bearbetats med inspiration från en kvalitativ innehållsanalys.

Backround: Many studies indicate that people with mental illness often suffer from physical illness. Many people with mental illness do not exercise even though they often have knowledge about the benefits of physical activity. Studies suggest that psychiatric patients have the desire to have an everyday life with more content. It is apparent in studies that healthcare professionals believe that it is the patients' own responsibility to keep themselves physically active.Aim: The primary objective with this study is to examine motivation and possible obstacles to exercise for persons with self-perceived mental illness and experience of psychiatric care. The secondary objective is to investigate how psychiatric care may be of importance to people with mental illness when it comes to exercise.Methods: Semi-structured interviews.

ABSTRACTBackground: Obesity and overweight are health issues that more than every tenth person around the world suffers from and the number of individuals with BMI >30 is every growing. As a result, more patients that are subjects to anesthesia will have an increased BMI. Changes in respiration, airway anatomy, altered drug metabolism and multiple physiological changes in the body makes general anesthesia, of the patient with obesity, an anesthesiological challenge.Purpose: The aim of this study is to identify the specific anesthesiological nursing care of the patient with a BMI >30, undergoing general anesthesia.Method: A research plan is created and to test its credibility, a pilotstudy of 15 surveys in two surgical departments will be conducted. This study has a qualitative inductive design and the data collected through semistructured questionnaires. The result was analyzed using qualitative content analysis.Result: The result showed a clear focus on three main areas; airway management, pharmaceuticals and positioning of the patient.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate on what basis a child is committed into care according to the law and to see on which grounds the decision about committed child care in law practice are taken when a child is committed to care due to parents who are mentally retarded. To better understand the juridical grounds for these decisions I will also in a short background describe the meaning of the term mentally retarded, how mental retardation and parenthood has changed over time and how different opinions are expressed in the law. Both people with mental retardation and children have in recent years gained their rights and sometimes these rights end up in conflict with one another. In those cases, what is in the best interest of the child, should be decisive. The children who have mentally retarded parents are at risk to not have their physical, psychological, emotional, social and intellectual needs met and are therefore being unfavourable developed.

Background:A trauma is a potential life threatening state which demands special resources and optimal care. Trauma doesn't just mean physical violence against the body, it can also put the patient in a psychological crisis. The trauma care in the emergency department is a short and intensive assessment between the patient and the emergency staff, where there is a risk that the patient may feel exposed and uncomfortable. For the nurse to be able to provide security and meet the patients' needs of well-being during the trauma care, the nurse has to try to understand the patients' needs and experiences. Aim: The aim of this study was to illuminate the patient's experiences during trauma care in the emergency department.

Introduction: The conversation is one of the main components of the nursing process in psychiatric care. The preunderstanding on this research field is described based on theoretical concepts that together form the basis for understanding the study; nurse's role in psychiatric care, communication and caring relationship, as well as theories of the caring conversation and person-centered care. Research on the caring conversation as a theory and how it is experienced by patients existed, however, no research from the nurse's perspective was found.Aim: The aim of the study was to describe nurses' experiences of the caring conversation with patients in psychiatric open care units.Method: Qualitative research interviews were conducted with six nurses working in outpatient psychiatric care in the west region in Sweden. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and then analyzed according to the qualitative content analysis as described by Graneheim and Lundman (2004).Results: Four categories with related subcategories were distinguished throughout the analysis: The caring conversation, The importance of the care plan, Limitations and Caring based on the patients narrative.Discussion: An uncertainty about what caring conversation is and what it should contain creates uncertainty in the nurse's work. This results in a need for training for the individual nurse and the further research to obtain evidence for the importance of conversation in caring work.

Bakgrund: Det finns en tid av väntan före döden. För att kunna vänta på döden krävs det från individen en acceptans och medvetenhet kring att man ska dö.Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa patienters upplevelse av väntan när de befinner sig i ett palliativt skede.Metod: En kvalitativ litteraturstudie av tre biografier, Den utmätta tiden, Tisdagarna med Morrie och Ro utan åror. En teoristyrd analys utifrån de sex S:n, samt en systematisk textkondensering användes.Resultat: I analysen framkom två teman: Viktiga inslag i väntan på döden och Reflektioner kring liv och död. Det framkom att väntan är en process med fyra stadier: Acceptans, Väntan på sjukdomens väg, Förberedande inför döden och När bara väntan finns kvar. De två teman finns genomgående i de tre första stadierna.Diskussion: I diskussionen speglas resultatet mot bakgrunden och egna reflektioner påtalas.

I Sverige dör ca 90 000 personer om året, ca 20 % av dessa dör i det egna hemmet. Vård i livets slutskede, så kallad palliativ vård, sker idag inte enbart på sjukhus. Verksamheten har även flyttat ut i de sjukas hem och gjort hemsjukvården mer avancerad. När vården sker i hemmet får den närstående en mer central roll i vårdandet vilket även är en nödvändighet för att vården ska kunna ske i hemmet. Som sjuksköterska kan det var lätt att ta den närstående för givet i vårdprocessen och den närstående kan bli informell vårdgivare ofrivilligt.

The purpose of this study was to understand how the concept of quality as an idea was spread to and translated in municipal elderly care. A central question was: How does literature, policy documents and key people describe the function and meaning of the concept of quality? The method of analysis was a qualitative case study with a critical discourse. The theoretical framework of the study is mainly what is known as institutional theory and a line of thought describing how ideas are transferred and spread. The theoretical focus is on how original ideas are interpreted and why they gain a foothold in new contexts.