Over the past few years the Swedish forestry industry has become increasing interested in direct seeding. Although, in practice, this interest has been restricted to pine seed, the knowledge and techniques that have been developed for pine seeding can readily be transferred to spruce. Direct seeding is a method that is of interest to the forestry industry since it can lead to lower regeneration costs, denser stands and better root development than the more conventional planting method. This study evaluated experiments that focused on direct seeding of spruce in the northern Sweden. Skogforsk set-up the experiments in Gideå and Sävar in 2003.

The form of my essay is that all human communication, can be seen as a practical knowledge, witch can be trained. I describe how I came in to a pedagogic activity, which is aimed to train people?s communicative ability in their working life and in school. This is made in the form of lectures, seminars and training program. In this essay, I even describe my personally background and what it was, that made me work with people outside the theatre.

The report describes the production of graphic correspondence and marketing material for DUCIS(Dalarna University Centre for Irish Studies).A logotype symbol is created on the basis of an element from the Celtic art, and a graphic material thatharmonies with this ideal of style is built around the symbol. A unique visiting card, correspondence cardand letterhead is produced to strengthen the identity of DUCIS outwards.The work proceeds with an international education folder which is an important element in the marketingwork for the MA-education which starts in the autumn of 2003. Two posters, one for the opening ofDUCIS in may 2003 and one for a conference in 2004, are produced. Finally, a redesign of the book coverfor NIS, Nordic Irish Studies, is carried out.The report describes the working process consisting of meetings, practical work and other elementswithin the process. The conclusion is that the work has been quite successful and that this, to a largeextent, depended on an engaged and supporting commissioner.

Forskning har visat att uppgifter i prov inverkar på vad elever lär sig genom deras förväntningar på vad testet ska innehålla (Virta, 2004). Boesen (2006b) konstaterar att uppgifter i nationella prov påverkar lärares undervisning vilket indirekt också bör inverka på vad elever lär sig. Lithner (2008) menar att det finns risk att en elev som använder ett imitativt resonemang i alltför hög grad vid lösning av matematikuppgifter får sämre matematikkunskaper. Genom att som lärare förse eleven med uppgifter som kräver ett kreativt resonemang, i vilka det inte är möjligt för eleven att använda ett imitativt resonemang, bör en sådan utveckling hindras. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att med ett klassificeringsverktyg tidigare använt av bland andra Boesen, Lithner och Palm (2005) och Bergqvist (2007) undersöka alla 85 matematikuppgifter i PISA 2003 med avseende på vilken grad av matematiskt kreativt resonemang som krävs för att lösa dem.

The ability to tackle NP-hard problems has been greatly extended by the introduction of Metaheuristics (see Blum & Roli (2003)) for a summary of most Metaheuristics, general problem-independent optimisation algorithms extending the hill-climbing local search approach to escape local minima. One of these algorithms is Iterated Local Search (ILS) (Lourenco et al., 2002; Stützle, 1999a, p. 25ff), a recent easy to implement but powerful algorithm with results comparable or superior to other state-of-the-art methods for many combinatorial optimisation problems, among them the Traveling Salesman (TSP) and Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAP). ILS iteratively samples local minima by modifying the current local minimum and restartinga local search porcedure on this modified solution. This thesis will show how ILS can be implemented for MSA.

This thesis will through the use of various approaches determine the key drivers for dividend payouts for A-listed Swedish firm. The time frame reaches from 1997 to 2003 an the thesis covers 48 companies..

Sweden recently changed the national regulation of chimney sweeping. This study has two purposes. The first purpose is to evaluate the effect of this reform to see if the new regulation has led to an effect in terms of increased chimney fires in single-family houses and for the wood-burning and oil-burning stoves, respectively. The second purpose is an updating of a previous study (Mattsson 1994) of analysis of society´s benefits and costs of different alternative sweeping frequencies for wood-burning and oil-burning stoves. This study also has a secondary purpose to examine the extent to which the local sweeping rules vary with climate conditions.  Mattsson, based on his results, proposed that the sweeping requirements for oil-burning stoves should be reduced from twice a year to once every second year and for wood-burning stoves the sweeping should be reduced from four times to once each year.

Background: Enterprises often refer to their employees as ?Our most valuable assets? in annual reports and other written statements. In reality, employees are seen as an expense rather than an asset in annual reports and the voluntary disclosure is often insufficient. Human capital disclosure has been discussed through decades and the latest topic in voluntary disclosure is called integrated reporting. Knowledge firms should disclose more about their employees than industrial companies due to the fact that the employees are a considerably more important asset to these types of enterprises.Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to study the disclosure of human capital, compare the disclosures between knowledge firms and industrial companies, and study the development of the human capital disclosures between the years 2003-2013.

The ability to tackle NP-hard problems has been greatly extended by the introduction of Metaheuristics (see Blum & Roli (2003)) for a summary of most Metaheuristics, general problem-independent optimisation algorithms extending the hill-climbing local search approach to escape local minima. One of these algorithms is Iterated Local Search (ILS) (Lourenco et al., 2002; Stützle, 1999a, p. 25ff), a recent easy to implement but powerful algorithm with results comparable or superior to other state-of-the-art methods for many combinatorial optimisation problems, among them the Traveling Salesman (TSP) and Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAP). ILS iteratively samples local minima by modifying the current local minimum and restartinga local search porcedure on this modified solution. This thesis will show how ILS can be implemented for MSA.

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is a common virus present in most parts of the world. PCV2 has been pointed out as the major causative agent to post weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) that affects pigs after weaning. The clinical symptoms of PMWS are impaired growth, diarrhoea, respiratory problems and increased mortality. At autopsy enlarged lymph nodes with depletion of lymphocytes are commonly found. Since 1991 PMWS has spread all over the world and was first described among Swedish pigs in 2003. Although PCV2 is widespread, only some pigs develop PCV2-related diseases. Why this is and what other factors that are required in order for the disease to develop is yet unknown. The main theories involve other infections, for example PRRS, and management issues but also genetic differences between pigs and/or virus strains have been suggested.

Denna studies syfte är att undersöka hur barn konstruerar kön utifrån normbrytande barnböcker. Därmed vill vi skapa förståelse för hur barn kan tänka och resonera kring könskonstruerande. Studiens upplägg är inspirerat av Davies (2003) forskning och den teoretiska utgångspunkten är den feministiska poststrukturalismen. För att söka svar på våra frågeställningar har vi använt oss av en kvalitativ metod, vilken har integrerat en kombination av boksamtal och barnintervjuer. Undersökningsgruppen bestod av åtta 5-6 åringar, varav det var lika många barn av respektive ålder och kön.

Recording and analyses of superovulation results and fertility records at the nucleus herd Viken The development of different reproductive technologies aim at increasing the number of progeny per individual parent, and in that improving the possibility of genetic progress. One technique, embryo transfer, have facilitated genetic dissemination and shortened the generation interval also in females. Nötcenter Viken is a company that run embryo collection and embryo transfer in the breeds Swedish Red and Swedish Holstein. It is located outside Falköping. Information is continuously gathered about cows tested at the nucleus herd.

I denna uppsats studeras textuella drag i elevtexter som bedömts med högsta betyg på de nationella proven i svenska på gymnasiet. Proven som undersöks är från tre olika år; 1996, 2003 och 2013. Syftet är att se om det finns förändringar över tid bland de textuella drag som kan kopplas till kvalitet. Texturvalet spänner över både en kursplansrevision och ett läroplansskifte.Kvantitativa och kvalitativa analyser utförs på totalt 24 stycken elevtexter. De textuella variabler som undersöks är textlängd, ordlängd, andel långa ord, meningslängd, läsbarhetsindex, ordvariationsindex, talspråksformer, styckeindelning, fundament samt inledning och avslutning.

The thesis hears content-error in relation to agreements closed by electronic means. The purpose of the thesis is to elucidate how the rules in 32 §(1) AvtL apply to agreements closed by such means and to evaluate its suitability. The elucidation is done on the basis of, the rules? adequacy in relation to their objectives in collaboration with a comparative view on a selection of international legal framework under private law, such as DCFR, UNCITRAL Model Law, UNIDROIT Principles and CISG.Since Sweden lack a specific regulation for electronically closed agreements, all modern closing methods will be evaluated from the dated outlook of the Swedish Contract Act. In relation to entirely automated processes which results in the closing of an agreement, particular difficulty arise in correlation with prerequisites, which requires a human stance.

I föreliggagande uppsats undersöks hur språksyn lyser igenom undervisningen i svenska som andraspråk i två nya upplägg i den kommunala skolan. Båda skolformerna är startgrupper för nyanlända invandrare och kallas vanligtvis för Sfi (svenska för invandrare) och IMSPR (Individuella programmet, språkintroduktion). Den förstnämnda är för vuxna och den sistnämnda för ungdomar. Utifrån en diskussion i teoriavsnittet om skillnader mellan grammatikbaserad undervisning och sociolingvistisk undervisning är uppsatsens teoretiska utgångspunkt att studera hur lärarna uppfattar sin egen undervisning. Båda inriktningarna har en sociolingvistisk prägel med funktionell språkundervisning men grammatiska och över huvud taget språksystematiska moment förekommer.