Introduction: Each year 1200-1300 patients are diagnosed with head neck cancer. Treatment that involves radiotherapy can cause severe side effects for example trismus that affects quality of life.Purpose: To study health-related quality of life in patients who have undergone radiation treatment for head and neck cancer and participated in a intervention group who received training intended to prevent trismus or in a control group who received standard treatment.Method: This is a prospective study in which data is collected from 66 patients participating in a randomized study aiming to evaluate a training program to prevent trismus. Thirty three participated in the intervention group and thirty three in the control group. Both patient groups assessed health related quality of life (HRQOL) with EORTC QLQ C30 and QLQ-H&N35, at start and end of the radiation treatment, and at 3 and 6-months after completing radiation treatment.Results: There is no difference between the intervention and control groups regarding symptoms, functional status and global health, except for intake of nutritional supplements.  For both groups almost all scales measuring HRQOL deteriorated under the radiation treatment. However, 3 and 6 months after end of radiotherapy HRQOL had improved and had returned to the baseline values.

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancer diseases among women worldwide. Breast cancer brings fear into many womens? life. It is a threat against life, but also to the psychological health, self-esteem and the female identity. Aim: The aim of this literature review was to describe newly breast cancer patient?s perception of information provided by healthcare personnel.

Användningen av per oral cancerbehandling har ökat de senaste åren. Per oral cancerbehandling är inte automatiskt förknippat med samma strikta riktlinjer som vid intravenös behandling, däremot så är biverkningsprofilen med allvarliga och ibland livshotande tillstånd i stort sett densamma. Forskning har visat att följsamheten till den per orala cancerbehandlingen varierar, ibland är låg och inte är bättre än andra kroniskt sjuka gruppers följsamhet. Patienten sköter till stor del behandlingen själv. Konsekvenserna av detta kan vara ett försämrat behandlingsresultat, risk för över resp.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the support program, given to cancer patients in order to promote their own efforts to quit smoking and to study if they kept their changed cigarette consumption 6-18 months after their cancer treatment was done.Method: We have used a descriptive qualitative method with semistructured interviews which were made in the spring of 2010 at Uppsala University. The informants in this study were smoking cancer patients which had been given radiotherapy at the oncology department at Ryhov hospital in Jönköping, Sweden.The results showed that three out of eleven informants were still not smoking after their treatment ended. All informants agreed that information about the effects of smoking on their radiotherapy were important.This study also showed that there are areas in which the support program could benefit from being changed. Of those informants who did not succeed in their efforts to quit smoking, many felt that the support should have been more direct in the sense that the staff should have followed up on their progress more frequently. These unsuccessful informants also stressed that the location for where the information was given could have been more private.

Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att belysa sväljningssvårigheter hos patienter som genomgått kirurgisk behandling på grund av munhålecancer genom att undersöka vad som bidrar till sväljningssvårigheter, hur patienterna upplever sväljningen samt hur vårdpersonalen kan hjälpa dessa patienter. Studien baserades på 12 vetenskapliga artiklar som söktes fram i databaserna PubMed och Cinahl. Resultatet indelades utifrån vilket metodologiskt tillvägagångssätt som använts i studierna, videofluoroskopi respektive frågeformulär. Förekomst och resektion av tumör i orofarynx, särskilt tungbasen, gav större sväljningsdysfunktion jämfört med orala tumörer i flera av videofluoroskopistudierna. När frågeformulär användes för att undersöka patienternas självupplevda sväljning sågs att strålbehandling var en viktig negativ faktor för sväljningen.

Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes of midwives and gynaecologists at youth health clinics about their own thoughts of risks with unprotected oral sex and testing of orally contagious sexually transmitted infections (STI). The aim was also to investigate the level of knowledge of oral STIs. One further aim was to examine what they thought about the level of knowledge about oral STIs among adolescents and how common unprotected oral sex is within this group and if oral STIs/oral sex is brought up in the form of information or questions during STI-testing.Method Seventy-five youth health clinics all over Sweden were randomly chosen. A questionnaire was sent by mail to the clinics. It included questions about attitudes, knowledge about STIs and information exchange.

My aim is to find out about teachers? perceptions of methods concerning learning and assessment of oral proficiencies. My questions are: What perceptions are there among teachers concerning assessment of oral proficiencies? How do teachers describe their ways of promoting and assessing oral proficiency? In order to answer my questions and obtain data I have accomplished two focus groups interviews with seven language teachers. The result shows that teachers are concerned with several factors regarding assessment of oral proficiency.

My aim is to find out about teachers? perceptions of methods concerning learning and assessment of oral proficiencies. My questions are: What perceptions are there among teachers concerning assessment of oral proficiencies? How do teachers describe their ways of promoting and assessing oral proficiency? In order to answer my questions and obtain data I have accomplished two focus groups interviews with seven language teachers. The result shows that teachers are concerned with several factors regarding assessment of oral proficiency.

The aim of our study was to examine the oral health status using an oral assessment guide, ROAG, among elderly people in a block of service. Another aim was to evaluate the elderlys perception of there own oral health using a questionnaire. The study were undertaken at a ward in Kristianstad, with 39 caretakers. 21 caretakers participated in the study. The assessment of the oral health status was done on the same individuals (n=21) who answered the questions in the questionnaire.

Background: Men that have gone through treatment for prostate cancer may lose their sexuality as result of treatment. The sexual ability might symbolize manliness, despite age and sexual activities. Aim: The aim of the literature study was to describe; Influence on sexuality and the daily life for men with prostatecancer and their experience of informationneeds. Method: The material for the literature study was searched through databases; 13 scientific articles were selected and two articles through manual search, all 15 articles were examined. Result: Five categories were found in the result of the literature study; physical dimension, emotional/mental dimension, social/practical dimension and informationneeds.

Featured adjuvant chemotherapy treatment in women with breast cancer can lead to pain. The aim of this study was to explore, the variety of perceptions and impact of adjuvantchemotherapy-induced pain in daily life, of some women newly diagnosed with breast cancer.Inclusion criteria were participating in an ongoing stress management projectand chemotherapy of (anthracycline/taxan) in doses of 75mg² or more. Exclusioncriteria were inability to understand and communicate in Swedish and mentalillness. After ethical approval of the sub study in September 2010, women wereconsecutively included through oral and written request. Phenomenologicalapproach was used in the eight interviews and data analysis.

The aim of this study was to examine retiared individuals view of oral health and dental care. A questionnaire was sent to three different retirement organizations and answared by 106 participants. Our studie showed that irrespective of education or health status, the majority considered oral health and dental care was important and will become so in the future. Most elderly individuals can consider getting help with their oral health with oral health care in the future. This studie showed that the elderly are concerned about their appearance.

Introduktion: Tandblekning har förekommit sedan mitten av 1800-talet och är en efterfrågad behandling inom tandvården. Missfärgningar beror på inre och yttre faktorer och för att bleka tänderna finns flera tandblekningstekniker. Väteperoxid och karbamidperoxid med varierande koncentration används.Syfte: Att beskriva hur tandblekning inom tandvården påverkar den hårda och mjuka orala vävnadenFrågeställningar: Hur påverkas oral hårdvävnad av tandblekning? Hur påverkas oral mjukvävnad av tandblekning?Metod: Litteraturstudie Resultat: Strukturen i emalj och dentin förändras och sensitivitet upplevs i både tand och gingiva. Pulpaskada uppstår vid blekning med 38 % väteperoxid.

With good knowledge about the disease and the treatment, the fear and worry of children and parents can be reduced. Children may be helped by painting to express their experiences. In order to have a good care, the care-personnel need to see and understand what the children need. It is important to live an as regular life as possible during the disease and its treatment. The aim of this study was to elucidate how children experience chemotherapy in conection with their cancer disease.

With good knowledge about the disease and the treatment, the fear and worry of children and parents can be reduced. Children may be helped by painting to express their experiences. In order to have a good care, the care-personnel need to see and understand what the children need. It is important to live an as regular life as possible during the disease and its treatment. The aim of this study was to elucidate how children experience chemotherapy in conection with their cancer disease.