Magnusson, A. ??it?s a matter of great importance actually?. Coping strategies to sexual consequences due to cancer treatment. Expectations on sexuality and rehabilitation.

Cirka 300 000 individer drabbas årligen i världen av oral cancer och mer än nittio procent av alla orala cancerformer utgörs av skivepitelcancer. Den femåriga prognosen är generellt 50 % och den 5-åriga relativa överlevnaden har under en tioårsperiod förblivit densamma. Detta motiverar utvecklingen av bättre prognostiska markörer och diagnostiska metoder för att tidigt identifiera de patienter som har risk att utveckla oral skivepitelcancer för att förbättra prognosen och minska lidandet genom tidig insatt behandling. ?-catenin är en adhesionsmolekyl som är viktig för bibehållandet av cellulär integration och avvikelser i celladhesionsmolekyler tros spela en central roll när tumörceller invaderar närliggande vävnad det vill säga metastaserar till andra organ. Syftet med studien är att med hjälp av immunohistokemi undersöka om ?-catenin kan fungera som en prognostisk markör för utvecklingen av oral skivepitelcancer.

Syftet med studien var att belysa undersköterskors uppfattning om oral hälsa ochmunvård som utförs på inneliggande cancerpatienter.En kvalitativ studie har tillämpats med en intervjuguide som underlag. Åtta informanterintervjuades i anslutning till deras arbetsplats och intervjuerna varade 10-20 minuter.För att analysera intervjumaterialet användes en kvalitativ innehållsanalys.Resultatet redovisas utifrån temat ?oral hälsa hos cancerpatienter viktigt men lågtprioriterat?. Att hjälpa patienterna med den dagliga munhygienen, upplevde inteinformanterna som något obehagligt utan såg det som en självklar del i sin yrkesroll.Informanterna upplevde även att den orala hälsan inte prioriterade och att det var svårtatt utföra munvård när patienterna nekade hjälp.Studiens slutsats visar att informanterna uppfattar den orala hälsan som en viktig del förpatientens välbefinnande men att munvård inte är det första som prioriteras hoscancerpatienter..

Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka sambandet mellan socioekonomiska faktorer, oral hälsa och oral hälsorelaterad livskvalitet. Material och metod: Det gjordes en systematisk litteratursökning som gav totalt 454 träffar varav 24 artiklar var relevanta. Artiklarna granskades efter relevans och kvalitet och inkluderades därefter i studien. Resultat: Socioekonomiska faktorerna inkomst, utbildning, yrke, social status, kön och etnicitet var associerade med oral hälsa, dock var inkomst och utbildning det som var mest korrelerat med oral hälsa. Sämre oral status kunde verifieras med klinisk undersökning som oftast undersökte antal tänder, karies och parodontit, vilket antogs kunna påverka oral hälsorelaterad livskvalitet.

Lung cancer is a disease which patients experience stigma in society and in care. This is because lung cancer is often seen as a self-inflicted disease. The stigma surrounding lung cancer is due to the strong relationship with smoking and have been shown to have a negative impact on the perceived health. The purpose of this study was to illuminate experiences of stigma for patients with lung cancer. The literature review was based on 11 scientific articles.

Malnutrition is a common problem for patients with cancer that leads to anxiety and frustration for the whole family. Patients with palliative cancer disease treated at home are entitled to an adequate nutrition treatment suited to individual needs. Aim: The aim of the literature review was to describe how cancer patients experience their nutriment situation before and after the introduction of parental nutrition and the experience of getting home parental nutrition. Methods: A literature study was carried out where qualitative and quantitative articles were examined. Findings: Five qualitative and five quantitative articles were examined.

Aim: Through the review of scientific articles, this study aimed to identify which oral health-related quality of life instruments that have been used in studies to measure the oral health-related quality of life in older individuals and the application of such instruments.Method: The study is based on a systematic literature review, where 14 articles have been chosen and evaluated against a checklist. Result: The oral health-related quality of life instruments that have been used on individuals, 65 years and older, are OHIP-49, OHIP-14, OHIP-20 or OHIP-EDENT, GOHAI and OIDP. The instruments are used to examine factors associated with the oral health-related quality of life. Significant associations have been identified, among other things, between the number of teeth in static occlusion, dry mouth and the quality of the dentures, and oral health-related quality of life. Social and cultural associations have also been revealed.Conclusions: Today there exist several well functioning instruments that are used for research purposes.

The most common form of female cancer in Sweden is breast cancer and the primary choice of treatment is surgery. Removing a woman's breasts is not just removing a body part but is also strongly linked to the emotional life. This has psychosocial consequences and the reactions will be different depending on how people perceive health and illness. Factors that matter are both personal experiences and cultural factors such as religion, family, and the own standards and values. It is important that a nurse is aware of cultural factors that may influence the perception of care.

Bakgrund: Att genomgå behandlingar vid hematologisk cancer innebär en stor omställning i det dagliga livet. Symtom och biverkningar har en stor påverkan på kropp och själ. Hematologisk cancer innefattar olika typer av cancer: leukemi, lymfom och myelom. Den behandling som ges vid hematologisk cancer innefattar stamcellstransplantation, strålning och cellgifter. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva patienters upplevelser av behandlingar vid hematologisk cancer.

ABSTRACTBackground: In all cancer therapies occurs more or less side effects, there one of them are mucositis. Symptoms of mucositis include wound and blister in the oral mucosa and affects 50-80% of children undergoing cancer treatment. Today there is no Swedish tested assessment scale for mucositis.Aim: To describe how teenagers with cancer and parents of children younger than 12 years with cancer perceive issues in a mouth-assessment instruments, Children?s International Mucositis Evaluation Scale (ChIMES), that have recently been translated into Swedish.Method/Design: The study was a quantitative descriptive research design. The participants were teenagers with cancer 12- 18 years (N=15), and parents (N=15) of children younger than 12 years.

The WT1 gene is a complex gene originally known to suppress cancer in kidneys. Studies of WT1 knockout mice have confirmed the important role of WT1 in the pathogenesis of Wilms? tumour, a tumour which counts for 95% of all childhood renal tumours. In that case the WT1 gene acts as a tumour suppressor gene. Subsequent research has shown that the WT1 gene in many other cases acts as an oncogene, e g in leukemia or lung cancer (even though these cancer forms can emerge as a result of many other aetiological factors).

Background                      There are different types of treatments for breast cancer, and these may be of surgical and non-surgical art. These treatments produce different side effects that can cause both physical and mental harm to the woman. The breast cancer can change the women's body image and relationships to their families. The women manage their lives in different ways depending on which culture they belong to. Aim                                    The aim of the study was to elucidate women?s experience of her body and the altered body in relation to breast cancer treatment.Method                              The method used was a literature review based on scientifically articles to overview the field of breast cancer.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of an infusion of hypertonic saline solution (HSS) in combination with an oral waterload on cows suffering from rightsided displacement of the abomasum (RDA). Six dairy cows were treated with 7,2% HSS in a dosis of 5 ml per kg bodyweight. They also received an oral waterload of approximately 15 liters. To monitor changes in fluid-, acid-base- and electrolyte-balance, bloodsamples were collected during the next 24 hours. During this period, the cows also underwent surgery to empty and correct the position of the abomasum.

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in the world and it usually affects elderly women. However, there are between 600-700 cases per year in Sweden where women under the age of 45 are diagnosed. Removal of the breast or part of the breast, hair loss, fatigue and nausea as a result of the breast cancer treatment has an emotional and physical impact on the women?s lifeworld. The nurse should build a relationship with the women to identify and meet their needs. Aim: To describe younger women?s experiences of getting a breast cancer diagnosis and life afterwards.Method: Four biographical books were analyzed to match the aim of the study.Result: The findings were that the women experience similar thoughts and feelings when it comes to living with a cancer diagnosis.

Background: Cancer disease is one of the most common diseases in Sweden andradiotherapy is one of the regimens available for the treatment of cancer. Radiotherapycan be delivered as single treatment or be divided into several fractions that last forweeks. Radiotherapy can cause side effects that may occur during or at the end oftreatment. Information and communication is an integral part of all treatments and care.The oncology nurse should attempt to ease for the patients to communicate, participatein the care, receive information and enhance the ability to self-care.Aim: The aim of the study was to examine the patients? needs for communication andinformation with oncology nurse during their meeting through radiotherapy.Method: This pilot study was conducted on six patients with different cancer diagnosis.It was a qualitative study, were data was collected through individual interviews usingsemi-structured questions.