BACKGROUND: Previous research shows that many nurses feel that patients with borderlinepersonality disorder (BPD) are more difficult to provide care to than patients with otherdiagnoses. Experiences of these meetings with BPD patients are often negative. With thisbackground, a literature study was made in order to elucidate the patients' perspective. AIM:Compiling knowledge of how patients diagnosed with BPD experience their treatment and themeeting with health care professionals. METHOD: Through the databases PsycINFO andPubMed, twelve qualitative articles were selected and summarized in a literature study.

Background: In Sweden, heart transplantation increases as a method of treatment. Patients undergoing heart transplantation require special needs of care. Nurses have to increase knowledge about experiences that these patients percieve to conform the health care in the future. In this study, health science has been used as a theoretical frame of reference which includes a patient perspective.Aim: The aim of this study was to describe experiences among patients, elder than 18 years old, undergoing heart transplantation.Method: The method was a qualitative descriptive study with a context analysis based on ten scientific articles and an autobiography corresponding with the aim of the study.Results: The results of this study showed six themes about experiences that emerged among patients undergoing heart transplantation: feeling of vitality, existential crisis, importance of social support, destructive feelings, capacity of going on and the experience of quality of life.Conclusion: It?s not a guarantee that the quality of life will increase among patients undergoing heart transplantation and they need a specialist trained nurse available to support at all hours..

Ögoninfektion är vanligt förekommande hos barn särskilt i kombination med övre luftvägsinfektion. 95% av alla barn mellan två och fem år vistas på förskola. Distriktssköterska/Avancerad primärvårdssjuksköterska ser förskolan som en viktig resurs i det förebyggande hälsoarbetet. Personal på förskolan har att ta ställning till sjukdom och ohälsa hos barnen. Syftet med studien är att undersöka förskolepersonalens uppfattningar om ögoninfektion hos barnen. Fyra intervjuer med förskolepersonal ligger till grund för en kvalitativ studie.

Background: During the 1980s, the fear of HIV spread over the world. Health professionals'attitudes to patients with HIV, was negatively impacted because of their fear to be infected.Patients with HIV have therefore,during disease history's first two decades, experienced stigma and discrimination in the response from health professionals. Because of the increasing knowledge of HIV it is of interest to study patients' contemporary experiences of the encounter with health professionals. Aim:To explore how patients with HIV experiencing the meeting with health professionals. Method:Literature study with seven qualitative and three quantitative articles.

Laser for material processing possesses a number of advantages which mean that it has been and will be an important component for a wide range of industries' future development. Cutting materials processing is the dominant use of laser technology and has revolutionized the manufacturing industry. The aim of this thesis is to describe the principles of metal cutting by laser, how laser cutting is applied in practice and to identify how Swedish companies are using laser cutting. For the theoretical and technical description of laser cutting literature studies are the primary source of information. The empirical basis for the mapping of the Swedish industry for laser cutting is grounded on a survey; this includes Swedish companies that use laser cutting in their production.

Master thesis for Mechanical engineering, at the University of Lund. Incorporated in project Pondora.The purpose of this master thesis is to compare the existing one way packaging system with a proposed return crate system not yet available in Sweden. The comparison is focused on packaging handling in the grocery store.The purpose is also to investigate how operating return crate systems in Norway and Finland function, identify, the problems they have encountered and survey economic and technical aspects. The knowledge we hereby have acquired was subjectively evaluated in the thesis.The Swedish survey has a focus on meat and bread. The surveys in Finland and Norway contain all the products utilizing the studied return crate systems.We have surveyed how the handling of transport packages for meat & provision and bread is done in the store.

 Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur stor del av ett dagarbetspass som sjuksköterskor på en medicinavdelning ägnar sig åt omvårdnad i relation till andra arbetsuppgifter samt sjuksköterskans uppfattning om den tid denne lägger ner på olika arbetsuppgifter. Metod som använts var observation av nio sjuksköterskor med avseende på tidsåtgång för sex fördefinierade arbetsuppgifter; administration, omvårdnad, läkemedelshantering, ansvarsområden, rond och rapport. Enkäter delades även ut till sjuksköterskorna på avdelningen gällande självskattning av tidsåtgång för arbetsuppgifterna samt instämmande till påståenden angående deras uppfattning om tiden räckte för de olika arbetsuppgifterna. Resultatet visar att sjuksköterskorna lägger ned mest tid på administration följt av omvårdnad, rond, läkemedelshantering, rapport och sist ansvarsområden. Omvårdnad utgjorde 21 % av den sammanlagda arbetstiden och de uppgav att de för närvarande inte har tillräckligt med tid för denna arbetsuppgift. .

Fetma är ett ökande folkhälsoproblem runt om i världen. Sjuksköterskan har som uppgift att förebygga ohälsa hos patienter. Genom att veta patienternas svårigheter och möjligheter underlättar det mötet med sjuksköterskan. Men samtidigt måste sjuksköterskan vara medveten om sina attityder för att skapa en bra relation genom att samtala. Syftet är att beskriva svårigheter och möjligheter som kan påverka mötet mellan sjuksköterskor och patienter med övervikt eller fetma.

Aim: The aim of the current study was to investigate nurses? experiences of caring for palliative patients in palliative home care, and to examine the coping strategies they use.Method: The study was empirical descriptive with qualitative approach. The data was collected by nine semi-structured interviews and analyzed by using manifest content analysis.Result: By analysing data three categories: Positive experiences of palliative home care, Stressful experiences of palliative home care and Problem-focused coping strategies, and 15 subcategories, were distinguished.Conclusion: Experiences of palliative home care were both of positive and challenging characters. Stressful situations were managed by problem-focused coping strategies. Nurses are in need of the work situation at home to become more ergonomic and designed to protect the nurse?s physical wellbeing.

Background: Asthma is an illness that many adolescents have today. The symtom can prevent them to live like contemporaries and the development phase they experience makes asthma difficult to get control of. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe adolescent?s experience of living with asthma. Method: The literature review was performed by reviewing nine scientific articles.

A change is gradually taking place in the media industry. Traditional communication channels are being replaced by new, electronic, ones (Johnson, 2003). Segmented marketing is gaining popularity, as the mass-marketing model is becoming more or less obsolete (Kotler et al. 2001). At the same time, the consumers? attention span is more divided than ever (Neff, 2004).

Preoperativ stress och oro är vanligt förekommande i dagens sjukvård. Patienter med hög intensitet av preoperativ stress och oro får ofta postoperativa komplikationer såsom längre återhämtningsfas och svårare sårläkning. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa omvårdnadsåtgärder som kan påverka preoperativ stress och oro. Litteraturstudiens resultat bygger på en analys av 16 vetenskapliga artiklar som söktes utifrån litteraturstudiens syfte. Tre omvårdnadsåtgärder som är en del av sjuksköterskeprofessionen eller som finns tillgängliga på vårdavdelningar är information, sjuksköterskans förhållningssätt samt musik.

Fast pyrolysis is a method for converting biomass into three energy rich products: char, gas and bio-oil, where the latter is most interesting.  Pyrolysis is an endothermic process where biomass is heated in an anaerobic environment and, with the right operating conditions, up to 80 %wt bio-oil can be extracted. Key parameters for fast pyrolysis are: stable reactor temperature (~500°C), short residue time for gas in the reactor (<2 s) and a very high heating rate for the biomass. Today there are several different process solutions for fast pyrolysis, where fluidized beds and rotating cones are most developed. Bio-oil has compared to fossil oil: lower heating value, low pH and also polymerizes with time. Because of this upgrading is desirable for increasing competitiveness.

Bakgrund: Patienter som ska genomgå elektiva operationer kan uppleva preoperativ oro och ångest. Preoperativ oro kan grundas i bristande information, tanken på att mista kontrollen samt vistelse i okänd miljö. Det vilar ett stort ansvar på sjuksköterskan då hon ska möjliggöra optimal delaktighet i vård och behandling för patienten samt uppmärksamma patienter som inte själva uttrycker ett omvårdnadsbehov. Syfte: Att sammanställa kunskap om vilka omvårdnadsåtgärder som kan minska patienters preoperativa oro vid elektiva operationer. Metod: Litteraturstudie, baserad på två kvalitativa och åtta kvantitativa artiklar.

Aim: The aim of this study was to describe what nurses experienced in connection with waiting time related frustration among patients and relatives in the emergency department and also what strategies nurses use to manage waiting time related frustration.Background: The numbers of emergency department visits are increasing and lead to waiting times which can cause frustration among patients and relatives, a frustration that nurses encounter in their everyday work and need strategies to deal with.Methods: This is a descriptive qualitative study. Interviews are conducted with five nurses, transcribed and analyzed by qualitative content analysis.Findings: The nurses feel inadequate and powerless when they meet patients and relatives frustration. In order to deal with patients and relatives frustration, they use the strategy of participation, which implies to involve and meet patients and relatives needs for information and to be seen. In order to prevent themselves becoming frustrated they use adaptability, by creating an inner calm, not take it personally and to distance themselves from the frustration.Conclusion: The result highlights the importance of managing the activity to reduce waiting time related frustration, for example through reflection and working for reducing waiting times. Further research is also needed..