Trycksår är en ofta förekommande skada inom vården och ca 14 % av patienter på äldreboenden och sjukhus i Sverige lider av trycksår. Ett trycksår kan uppstå inom loppet av 60 minuter och en stor riskfaktor är dålig nutritionsstatus. Sjuksköterskan ska identifiera problem med nutritionen hos patienten och det är betydelsefullt att förstå sambandet mellan nutrition och trycksår. Syftet med studien var att undersöka nutritionens betydelse i behandling av trycksår. Studien utfördes som en litteraturstudie, 12 artiklar utgjorde grunden för resultatet.

Denna uppsats belyser vilka frågor som lyftes fram för några kommuners framtidsarbete, vilka aktörerna var i de policyskapande processerna samt visar varför dessa framtidsvisioner fördes upp på dagordningen på 1990-talet. Metoden för studien är en jämförande, kvalitativ fåfallsstudie av kommunernas framtidsprogram. De utvalda kommunerna är Gävle, Halmstad, Karlskrona, Karlstad, Kristianstad och Luleå. Uppsatsens analysbegrepp är Policy Windows och Policy Networks. Dessa innefattas i en korporativ och elitistisk statsteori.

This bachelor thesis, written as a part of the European Studies at Gothenburg University, is concerned with the European Unions? (EU) climate political governance in their both climate- and agricultural policy, and in particularly the question whether it is sustainable. This thesis intends to problematize if it is possible for the EU to continue to pursue its current agricultural policies, while at the sametime maintain its role as a sustainable actor on the global arena. The framework of theEUs? climate policy governance disciplines this analysis.

Bland äldre patienter i Sverige är undernäring ett problem som växer sig allt större.Forskning har visat att många äldre patienter riskerar att drabbas av ohälsa, minskatvälbefinnande och lägre egenvårds kapacitet vid undernäring (Johansson, 2004).Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att genom omvårdnadsforskning belysasjuksköterskors attityder och kunskaper till nutritionsbehov ochnutritionsbedömningar hos äldre patienter över 65 år. En systematisk litteraturstudievaldes som metod, systematisk sökning, kritisk granskning, dataanalys samtsammanställning av vetenskapliga artiklar inom problemområdet gjordes. Idataanalysen framkom teman som sjuksköterskors attityd till nutrition,nutritionsbehov och nutritionsbedömning av äldre patienter. Sjuksköterskors kunskapoch utbildning om nutritionens betydelse för patienternas välbefinnande. Resultatet idenna studie visar att nutritionskunskap och utbildning bland sjuksköterskor i dag ärotillräcklig.

Abstract During the last 15 years, the former ?really existing socialist? economies have undertaken an extensive transition process. In this paper the development, measured as GDP growth, is analyzed using variables for economic policy. The analysis is both theoretical, taking as starting point current positions in academia, and econometrical with the linear regression model. We show that while economic policy variables of inflation, economic freedom and institutional quality affect economic growth, the results are not only the ones predicted by the theory.

Problemformulering: Patienters upplevelser av att nutrieras via gastrostomi eller parenteral nutrition (PN) är ett förbisett område. Det är viktigt att sjuksköterskan har en helhetssyn på patienten för att kunna ge god omvårdnad. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva patienters upplevelser av att nutrieras i hemmet via gastrostomi eller PN. Metoden var en systematisk litteraturstudie, där elva artiklar bearbetades och analyserades utifrån problemområdet. Resultat och Konklusion: När patienter behandlades i hemmet med antingen gastrostomi eller PN förändrades det dagliga livet för dem.

After the appointment of a new European Commission in 2004, ?communication? was made a top priority on the agenda. The Commission presented a new communication policy, which would establish a dialogue with the citizens, thereby bringing more democracy to the union and bridging the gap to the citizens. Three documents containing the policy were published, namely an internal action plan for the Commission, Plan D which establishes the framework for national debates and a whitepaper on EU communication policy. These documents were met by mistrust and criticism from many different actors such as journalists and experts.The aim of this master thesis is to examine this new communication policy from a deliberative democratic perspective.

Abstract  Title: Från neutralitet till öppenhet? ? En studie av säkerhetspolitikens utveckling i Sverige efter kalla krigets slutAuthor: Jens KindhSupervisor: Patric LindgrenLinnaeus UniversityDepartment of Political ScienceSpring term 2012 When the Cold War ended, a new security situation was unfolded in Sweden. The purpose of this thesis is to describe and compare how the Swedish security policy is organized and how it has changed since the Cold War ended. To do that, I?m going to try answer the following questions:How is the Swedish security policy organized?What defence resolutions have affected the Swedish security policy after the Cold War ended?How has different political actions made its impact on the Swedish security policy after the Cold War ended?My theory is to try explain how the Swedish security policy has changed after the Cold War through a realism security perspective called traditional security, which refers to a realistic construct of the states security policy.

This thesis aims at investigating the conflict development of Swedish foreign policy debates during 1989-2000. It is rather assumed that the Swedish foreign policy debates have been highly characterized by a large consensus. Despite that, there have been certain occurrences where the political parties have flushed into party struggle and shown disagreements over the party frontiers. This has raised questions about the range of conflict and consensus in such debates where I have studied the political parties' backchats. I have studied situations where the political parties replicate each other in order to investigate the range of consensus and controversy that exists within different foreign policy areas.

Microwave is a time- efficient device for heating and reheating of foods. Despite the fact that its effects on foods have been evaluated during a long period of time, without any more negative effects shown compared to conventional cooking, one third of the Swedish population believes (in 2010) it accounts for a higher loss of nutrition. This literature review aim to compile studies regarding how food is affected by cooking in microwave, with respect to cooking losses, nutrition, secondary metabolites as well as sensory and textural aspects and compare it with conventional cooking. The compilation shows that different combination of effect (W), time and amount of water during microwave cooking have different effects on foods. The contents of proteins, vitamin B and carbohydrates are generally higher after microwave cooking, while anti-nutritional substances are affected much less during conventional cooking. This also depends on if it is of animal or non-animal origin. However, for the majority of nutrition values the differences are quite small.

Microwave is a time- efficient device for heating and reheating of foods. Despite the fact that its effects on foods have been evaluated during a long period of time, without any more negative effects shown compared to conventional cooking, one third of the Swedish population believes (in 2010) it accounts for a higher loss of nutrition. This literature review aim to compile studies regarding how food is affected by cooking in microwave, with respect to cooking losses, nutrition, secondary metabolites as well as sensory and textural aspects and compare it with conventional cooking. The compilation shows that different combination of effect (W), time and amount of water during microwave cooking have different effects on foods. The contents of proteins, vitamin B and carbohydrates are generally higher after microwave cooking, while anti-nutritional substances are affected much less during conventional cooking. This also depends on if it is of animal or non-animal origin. However, for the majority of nutrition values the differences are quite small.

AbstractThis essay analyse, from a normative perspective, what can be exspected of an etical asylum policy. The theorical base is derived from Gerard Delanty´s notion of civil cosmopolitism.The ethical outlook is based on utilitarianism. The questions this essay answers are:1) Which are the basic premises for an ethical asylum policy?2) Does the Swedish asylum policy forfill these premises?The study analyses in general terms the Swedish asylum policy. It analyses both the asylum law and the work of the executive authority.The analyse also includes a brief look at two asylum cases.

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka kunskapsnivån gällande nutritionsarbete hos sjuksköterskor samt att undersöka vilka omvårdnadsåtgärder sjuksköterskor kan vidta som ansvariga för nutritionsarbetet. Metoden som användes var en litteraturstudie där 15 artiklar granskades. Att sjuksköterskor har bra kunskaper inom nutritionsomvårdnaden framkom i några studier. Sjuksköterskor ansåg till exempel att nutritionsplaner och dokumentationer av nutritionsomvårdnad var viktiga. De ansåg även att kosten var viktig för en god hälsa.

This essay focuses on the Sweden Democrat?s migration policy and its evolution from 1989 up until today. The purpose of this study is to longitudinally examine the party's migration policy proposals to see if, and how, the political ideas have changed over time. Idea analysis has been used as method, and the texts have been analyzed by using three dimensions. Depending on the outcome in the three dimensions, one out of eight political types is possible.

Värderingar förmedlas via språket och utgör därmed grunden för policy? och identitetsskapande. Men språket i sig kan komma att påverka process och utfall. Uppsatsen behandlar vilka förutsättningarna är för att man med språket ska kunna överföra värderingar som grund för policy? och identitetsskapande.