Introduktion: Forskning kring omvårdnadsteori har ända sedan Florence Nightingales tid varit aktuell. Utvecklingen har resulterat i många olika riktningar. Syfte: I denna uppsats var vi intresserade av att belysa aktuell forskning av omvårdnadsteoretiska strukturer och vilka tillämpningsmöjligheter samt vilka effekter/konsekvenser dessa kan ha för omvårdnadsinnehållet inom perioperativ omvårdnad.Metod: Genomgång gjordes av vetenskapliga artiklar vilka söktes fram i databaserna PubMed och Cinahl tillika relative links samt genom manuell sökning. Metoden för artikelanalys har präglats av den hermeneutiska spiralen. Resultat: Fyra olika kategorier av perioperativ omvårdnadsteoretisk struktur ur tre olika perspektiv utkristalliserades.

The aim of this study is to describe how the cooperation between franchisee and franchisor evolves over time. The parties? work responsibilities are explored as an ingredient of the cooperation. Creation of relational aspects is also studied, as well as how adaptation of the concept is handled throughout the partnership. This study takes on an abductive approach and is based on interviews with franchisees of one franchise system, performed at different stages of the respective cooperations.

The purpose of the study is to investigate the significance of organizing social- cooperative in relation to individual empowerment; and how this empowerment can be used to better the situation of others. Young surfers is a social- cooperativ that is run by cooperators with experience of substance abuse and criminality. The social- cooperativ is built on the premise that the cooperators are to set up and run a screen-printing shop where they will print t-shirts and sweatshirts. The purpose of this business is that the cooperators are given the opportunity to work and that youths with social problems such as substance abuse and criminality are given the opportunity to work-train. My study is comprised of a series of interviews and observations that I have conducted in relation to the cooperators of Young Surfers.

Today's consumers are demanding more and more from companies and are no longer as easy to im-press as they used to be. It is now the consumers that hold an increasing amount of power over com-panies and not the other way around. This change in consumer behaviour has caused an identity crisis for traditional advertising, and companies are now searching for new ways of reaching their target audience. The purpose of this combined qualitative and quantitative case study is to examine possible risks and possibilities that a retailing company face when communicating through Facebook. Data has been collected through in-depth interviews with company representatives combined with a quantitative study of the company's Facebook followers in order to answer the questions of (1) which possibilities and risks a retailing company face through the use of a Facebook fanpage and (2) if there is a differ-ence in the attitude and behaviour of active respectively passive followers that may have been caused by a retailing company's marketing communication on Facebook.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the motives underlying the consumption of alcohol among college students and if the motives differ between genders. The study is based on the following questions: What are the motives underlying alcohol consumption among students? Do these motives differ between men and women? Is there any connection between the motives for alcohol consumption and consumption? The study is a quantitative, empirical comparison study and the data presented is mainly descriptive. The study group consists of students from a university in central Sweden. After an exclusion of five students a total of 81 students participated in the survey, of which 55 were female and 26 were male.

Bakgrund: Den äldre populationen ökar och många av de äldre lider av flera olika sjukdomar. Därmed ökar behovet av professionell och god omvårdnad. Den äldre människan som ofta lider av flera sjukdomar bor vanligtvis sista tiden av sitt liv på vård- och omsorgsboende. Äldre människor vårdas inte utifrån ett palliativt perspektiv trots att behov föreligger. Palliativ vård kopplas ofta ihop med människor som är under 65 år och har en obotlig sjukdom exempelvis cancer.Syfte: Att belysa hur den äldre människan vårdas i livets slut på vård- och omsorgsboende, ur de äldres, de närståendes och vårdpersonalens perspektiv.Metod: En litteraturstudie inspirerad av Friberg (2006).

The background of this paper is the dual role that the social worker can have, of beeing both supportive and controlling in the meeting with clients. It is also about the power the social worker can have, how they handle the power in their profession and how they remain to it in the relationship with the client. The study is qualitative and built on interviews with eight social workers that work in different areas in the social services. We have chosen to see this dual role as if the social workers have to, in their daily work, handle the roles as one authority role and one supportive role towards the client.The purpose of this study is to understand how the dual role as the social worker has in the profession, as a helper and a authority, is expressed in the work and relationship with the client. We have turned this purpose into two questions: How do social workers with authority remain to the dual roles of the profession? How do the social workers describe and understand power?We don´t want to generalize in this study, we want to give an example of the social workers own experiences about the dual role.

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka sjuksköterskors respektive undersköterskors syn på god omvårdnad. Studien är av empirisk och kvalitativ karaktär där fyra legitimerade sjuksköterskor och fyra undersköterskor intervjuades och delgav sina uppfattningar. Analysmetoden innehållsanalys valdes och i resultatet presenteras nio stycken huvudkategorier; Ge patienten trygghet, att respektera patientens vilja och individuella behov, basal hygien ? och omvårdnad skall tillgodoses, social samvaro, motivera patienten, kommunikation, empati, hinder, skillnader i uppfattning..

Bakgrund: Hypotermi under kirurgiska ingrepp kan leda till allvarliga komplikationer som bland annat f?rl?ngd l?kemedelseffekt, koagulationsrubbningar, cirkulationsp?verkan och en ?kad infektionsrisk. En viktig del av anestesisjuksk?terskans arbetsuppgifter ?r att ?vervaka och reglera patientens temperatur. Trots detta ?r det en utmaning att h?lla kroppstemperatur inom normalintervallet under generell anestesi, eftersom kroppstemperaturen sjunker under operation.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of arterial insufficiency in patients undergoing CABG surgery and whether arterial insufficiency is a risk factor for postoperative wound infections in the harvesting leg. Patients who had CABG surgery were enrolled consecutively. A total of 144 patients participated in the study. During their hospital stay demographic data was recorded, as well as pre-, intra-, and postoperative tests and risk factors. The patients answered a questionnaire regarding postoperative wound infections 30 days after surgery patients answered a questionnaire regarding infections.

The present study is embedded in the research field of Personal Information Management (PIM) and its goal is to contribute to this research area by showing information management aspects in untraditional contexts, as in the social networking site Twitter. The aim and purpose of this two year's master thesis was to investigate the beha-viour of librarians within the context of Twitter. The objectives of this thesis focus on the query of the informa-tion management aspect of Twitter, and on the investigation into whether Twitter offers the possibility to reach a state of flow while using it, as well as inquiring into the relationship between Mihaly Csikszentmihalyis flow theory and PIM. The theoretical framework of this thesis is centred upon the flow theory and the conditions that are necessary to reach a state of flow. To fulfill the purpose of this thesis a directed content analysis is applied as an investigative method, where its in-depth research aspects will be applied upon the empirical material, which contains 429 tweets.

Title: The auditor?s recommendations to small businesses in the choice of K2 and K3Authors: Christopher Dimovski and Dennis Carlsson Published: Spring 2014 Background: The background of this study is the introduction of the new K-regulations. For small businesses, there is a possibility to choose between the rule-based K2 and the principal-based K3. It becomes mandatory to apply the K-regulations from 2014. We want with this study understand and explain the significance of the auditor and its recommendations to small businesses in the choice between K2 and K3. Aim: The aim of this study is to describe how the auditor makes recommendations to small businesses in the choice between K2 and K3 and through that create an understanding of what influence the auditor have when it makes recommendations and at the end contribute to the building of models. Formulation of problem: How can we understand and explain the auditor?s recommendations to small businesses in the choice of K2 and K3?Methodology: We have used a qualitative method where we have interview eight auditors.

Relationsmarknadsföring har idag blivit en central del i många företags marknadsföring. Kort sammanfattat är relationsmarknadsföring ett marknadsföringssätt som fokuserar på att etablera och utveckla relationen till kunden. Eftersom en konsument idag, bland annat med hjälp av Internet, har tillgång till väldigt mycket information ökar medvetenheten och ger kunden en större möjlighet att välja var och av vem hon ska handla. De konventionella marknadsföringsmetoderna blir alltmer ineffektiva och företagen lägger istället mer energi på att skapa en relation till kunden som individ. Inom modebranschens detaljhandel syns detta tillvägagångssätt i form av kundklubbar, nyhetsutskick och den personliga interaktionen i butikerna.

Ephemerality is one of the most essential characteristics of fashion, since fashion by definition is existing in the present, in the fleeing moment. Also, fashion is closely related to art and there is currently no clear theoretical distinction made regarding the boundary between these two domains. In this essay I have explored the concept of transiency and the relationship between fashion and art in relation to fashion in general and to the collection Haute Papier, made by the fashion designer Bea Szenfeld, in specific. The Haute Papier collection is constructed almost entirely out of simple white paper sheets and of this reason it can be regarded as ephemeral. The material also positions the garments in a void between fashion and art, simultaneously existing in both domains and in none of them.

Vocal technique and interpretation are the key elements of voice training. Thepurpose of this article is to investigate what vocal technique and interpretation meanto teachers and students and how they would describe the relationship between thetwo. The questions at issue, intended to be answered in this article, are the following:What is the relationship between vocal technique and interpretation? How should theteaching be structured for the students to experience progress on the musical plane?What role does the teacher have in the musical development of the student?This is a qualitative survey and the methods of investigation are semi-structuredinterviews and classroom observations. Presented in the article are a number ofresearchers and writers whose thoughts on the subjects have gained great importanceto vocal teachers and students, as well as leading the research on the voice and itsfunctions forward to higher grounds.