Bakgrund: En autismspektrumstörning [ASS] karakteriseras av allvarliga och genomgående avvikelser i utvecklingen gällande kommunikationsförmågor och sociala interaktionsförmågor samt stereotypa beteenden, intressen och aktiviteter. Spektrumet är brett med ett flertal diagnoser men kan även delas in i låg- och högfungerande ASS. Det är vanligt att individer med en ASS även har andra fysiologiska och psykiatriska sjukdomar och störningar och därmed besöker vården ofta. Ett sätt att strukturera vården och underlätta för personcentrering är med hjälp av dokumentationsmodellen VIPS. En personcentrerad omvårdnad innebär att respektera vårdtagaren som en unik person och bemöta dennes unika behov tillsammans med de närstående och övrig vårdpersonal.Syfte: Att utifrån VIPS-modellen beskriva särskilda omvårdnadsproblem hos barn med ASS.Metod: Studien presenterades i form av en allmän litteraturstudie.

BACKGROUND: The nurse profession is nursing care and that includes leading and educate co-worker. In north-east Skåne a nurse started a study circle about pain for nursing staff at housing for elderly. AIM: The aim of this study was to understand the nursing staffs understanding about the study circle as a resource for their work with analgesia among elderly after participating in the same. METHOD: A qualitative approach was used and collecting data was done by a semi-structured focus group interview and two individual semi-structured interviews. The data was analysed by content analyses.

BackgroundResearch shows that the majority of patients feel anxiety before and during anesthesia. It has been shown in several studies that preoperative anxiety may cause adverse effects in the postoperative course. Nurse anesthetists have a key role in creating a safe environment and the opportunity to use different interventions to reduce the degree of anxiety.AimThe aim of the study was to examine which interventions may reduce anxiety in adult patients before and during both general, local and regional anesthesia.DesignSystematic literature review with a quantitative approach.ResultsSeveral studies indicate that gabapentin and pregabalin can reduce anxiety before and during anesthesia. The anxiety reducing effect appeared to be dose dependent. The naturopathic drugs Citrus aurantium blossom and Passiflora incarnata Linneaus were found to reduce anxiety before anesthesia.

To become old and live in an institution could mean that the habits and routines they have obtained during their lifetime and are used to may become changed. There are fixed norms and rules which the elderly more or less have to adjust to. The aim of this study was to describe how nursing staff attitudes influence on elderly care takers meal situation. The method of this study was a literature review. The result showed that norms and rules not always are adjusted to caretakers? wishes and needs.

BackgroundResearch shows that the majority of patients feel anxiety before and during anesthesia. It has been shown in several studies that preoperative anxiety may cause adverse effects in the postoperative course. Nurse anesthetists have a key role in creating a safe environment and the opportunity to use different interventions to reduce the degree of anxiety.AimThe aim of the study was to examine which interventions may reduce anxiety in adult patients before and during both general, local and regional anesthesia.DesignSystematic literature review with a quantitative approach.ResultsSeveral studies indicate that gabapentin and pregabalin can reduce anxiety before and during anesthesia. The anxiety reducing effect appeared to be dose dependent. The naturopathic drugs Citrus aurantium blossom and Passiflora incarnata Linneaus were found to reduce anxiety before anesthesia.

Syftet med studien var att beskriva kvantitet och kvalitet i sjuksköterskors dokumentation av omvårdnad enligt VIPS- modellen i enlighet med omvårdnadsprocessens alla steg på ett sjukhus i Mellansverige Avsikten var även att beskriva hinder och möjligheter för och attityder till dokumentation ur ett sjuksköterskeperspektiv mellan tre medicinavdelningar på nämnda sjukhus. Vidare ingick i syftet att jämföra dokumentationen på de tre avdelningarna med avseende på kvantitet och kvalitet. I undersökningen ingick en journal- respektive enkätstudie. Journalstudien som var retrospektiv omfattade 100 patientjournaler. Som mätinstrument för journalstudien användes granskningsmallen CAT-CH-ING.

Background: The speech- and language deficit aphasia affects 12 000 persons annually in Sweden. Aphasia is caused by injury in the brain and the most common etiology is stroke. According to the tool for describing and assessing aphasia, A-FROM (Kagan et al., 2008), the four following aspects of aphasia need to be considered: severity of aphasia, participation in life situations, communication and language environment and personal factors. Several different interventions and treatments can be performed in every domain. There is scientific evidence for interventions performed by speech and language pathologists; however, the question is yet being discussed since results are unambiguous.Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to investigate which aphasia interventions performed by speech and language pathologists that are supported by evidence.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore nurses' experiences of informing relatives to critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).MethodThe study was descriptive with a qualitative approach. Nine nurses were interviewed. The study took place in a university hospital in the midst of Sweden. An interview guide was used, designed in consensus with the study questions. Data was analyzed via qualitative content analysis.FindingsMeeting and preparing relatives at the arrival at the ICU seemed valuable and led to safety and participation among relatives.

The thesis deals with three document retrieval models based on logic: the Boolean model,the fuzzy model and the Van Rijsbergen model.In Chapter 1, the author presents the purpose of the thesis. This is to give the logical foundationof the models, to describe them and to examine them critically. In Chapter 2, some importantnotions in document retrieval are presented. Chapter 3 is devoted to the Boolean model, Chapter4 to the fuzzy model and Chapter 5 to the Van Rijsbergen model.These three chapters are organized in the same way. First, the logical foundation of the modelis given.

The educational underachievement of children in foster care has been known for a long time. This study aimed to compile and analyze the current knowledge about interventions, intended to improve foster children?s school achievements. The method used was a systematically undertaken narrative review. Despite a comprehensive searching strategy, only ten relevant studies were found, indicating that little has been done to improve the educational outcomes for children in public care.

Background:Malnutrition is a nursing issue that causes both physical and psychological suffering of those who are affected. In order to achieve care that is safe and has a good quality, it must be based on the assessment and actions of the state. District nurses play a central role in this work. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the district nurses' work with identifying and addressing malnutrition in older people in nursing Home Care of the Community. Method: Six interviews with district nurses were conducted.

Abstract This Concept Analysis according to Walker & Avant (1995) studies the concept of uncertainty in the nursing context. It consists of four parts where uncertainty in general have been encircled in a semantic analysis (part one) and a qualitative content analysis consisting of an questionnaire, distributed to the staff members at one nursing and medicine institution, with an open question about the meaning of uncertainty (part two). The third part is a literature study of the nursing context to find out how uncertainty is described (part three). Part four is the actual concept analysis based on the three first parts. Uncertainty in the nursing context is an individual conscious experience witch is changeable and impressionable. It is chained together with its antecendents and consequences.

The educational underachievement of children in foster care has been known for a long time. This study aimed to compile and analyze the current knowledge about interventions, intended to improve foster children?s school achievements. The method used was a systematically undertaken narrative review. Despite a comprehensive searching strategy, only ten relevant studies were found, indicating that little has been done to improve the educational outcomes for children in public care.

There are more and more elderly people and different diseases will affect them. How will the public care be able to face this need of care for the elderly? There are a lot that shows that there will be an increasing demand on the achievements of the relatives. How can this development be answered to? Shall the achievements be concentrated on giving support to the relatives, or will there be a concentration on nursing staff? The purpose of the study was to enlighten who elderly people will be nursed by if a disease affects them.

Today, youth crime is a topic that recurs daily in the news and politics; the subject arouses motions both within the professional community and among private individuals. The purpose of this study was to shed light on how social workers reason and work with young people aged 15 and above who are in criminal environments. We also shed light on how motivation can contribute to young people accepting the voluntary interventions that social workers have available. The study helps draw attention to the potential challenges that social services face when motivational work is insufficient, and the concern is not sufficiently high to warrant the use of coercive interventions. Our empirical material was collected using semi-structured interviews with social workers who have a degree of Bachelor's degree in Social Work, whose work is to carry out investigations of young people who, due to their own behavior, may be in need of support or protection from social services.