Syftet med denna uppsats att beskriva vilken betydelse den praktiska tillämpningen i yrket har för förståelsen och val av strategi vid matematisk problemlösning inom områdena area och enhetsomvandling, för personer i praktiska yrken som i skolarbetet har haft påtagliga problem med ämnet matematik.Vidare är syftet att studera om förståelsen och lösningsförfarandet skiljer sig åt i praktisk problemlösning inom områdena area och enhetsomvandling jämfört med en formaliserad matematikuppgift (med enbart ett matematiskt uttryck bestående av tal och symboler utan sammanhang) inom samma områden. Studien tar sin utgångspunkt i de sjunkande resultaten i skolmatematik och den kritiserade matematikundervisningen.Resultatet av undersökningen visar att respondenterna i den praktiska uppgiften som var situerad i deras yrkesvardag använde sig i hög grad av matematiska resonemang, uppskattningar och kopplade med lätthet uppgiften till tidigare uppgifter i yrket. Deras matematiska resonemang kring uppskattningar och rimlighetstänkande vilade på deras erfarenheter och att de kunde visualisera.När de löste den formaliserade uppgiften som inte var situerad i deras yrkesvardag intog de ett mer imitativt tänkande och respondenterna ställde frågor om hur de förväntades lösa uppgiften och senare om de räknat fel. De tidigare så säkra respondenterna var nu mycket osäkra på sin förmåga att lösa uppgiften. I den formaliserade uppgiften fungerade inte heller enhetsomvandlingen.

After the mandatory rules for clearing was removed in 1994, the clearing area has increased in Sweden. After the storms Gudrun and Per, the areas became planted with new plants, mainly spruce, but also other tree species. Storm areas are now being invaded by naturally rejuvenated birch in the tilling tracks. Since the birch often is initially growing faster than the spruce it is inhibiting the growth and is also damaging the spruce. The purpose of this thesis is to study the new brush saw with chain and compare it with the conventional clearing saw, mainly in terms of performance and ergonomics. The results show that the new brush saw with chain is very good in almost all clearing operations compared to the conventional clearing saw.

This survey tries to find out if and how we can be influenced of extreme low and strong frequencies in the area 0-40 Hz. A group of 52 teachers/musicstudents and non musicstudents was trying to assess what they thought, experiences and tried to describe why they thought as they did, when they listen on three different versions of same musical piece. Without low frequent bass, original and strengthened bass, randomly mixed. Several different musical pieces was used in same survey. The work also makes a commitment to theories about the people's hearing and the will of ?selfmotion?.

Syftet med detta examensarbete var att designa en ny serie till Nibes befintliga varumärke Contura. Nibe beskriver Conturas formspråk som rent, enkelt och feminint.Undersökningar om vad feminint formspråk betyder resulterade i en diskussion om att främst designers och formgivare ej bör använda sig av orden feminint-/kvinnligt formspråk då dessa ord stärker stereotypen om vad kvinnligt respektive manligt är.Under researchdelen var en infallsvinkel att tiden i framtiden kommer att vara än mer viktig. Att människor, främst i västvärlden, kommer vilja ha mer tid utöver arbetet. Att få mer tid till att vara hemma resulterar i mer fokus på bostäders utformande då den boende vill ha ett trivsamt och personligt hem att vistas i. Utformningen av kaminen och andra produkter till hemmen blir viktiga då de får mer tid att betraktas av den/de boende.

The guest harbor on Utö, Utö Gästhamn, is currently using electricity for heating all of the water used in the showers and taps. Because of the large amount of visitors, especially during the summer months, the hot water usage gets very high and that is also the case for the electrical bills. During the year of 2011 the cost of electricity for Utö Gästhamn reached a total of 257 500 kr. Out of these 257 500 kr approximately 142 000 kr, 55 % of the total cost, were because of the water heating.The report is the result of a cooperation with Skärgårdsstiftelsen, the Green Islands-project and Utö Gästhamn where the mutual goal is to dimension a solar energy system, to promote the sustainable development.Initially the different techniques for the solar energy system are researched. The techniques are plane solar collectors, evacuated tube collectors, pool collectors and photovoltaic cells.

The purpose of this report is to investigate the business relationship between forest machine entrepreneurs and company officials within a timber area at one of the Swedish forest owner associations called Mellanskog. This report shows how these people work with their business relationships, what they believe are the keys getting a successful relationship and how they have got were there they are now. Key words: Business relationship, cooperation, team work, communication, negotiation, respect, commitment and trust..

After the mandatory rules for clearing was removed in 1994, the clearing area has increased in Sweden. After the storms Gudrun and Per, the areas became planted with new plants, mainly spruce, but also other tree species. Storm areas are now being invaded by naturally rejuvenated birch in the tilling tracks. Since the birch often is initially growing faster than the spruce it is inhibiting the growth and is also damaging the spruce. The purpose of this thesis is to study the new brush saw with chain and compare it with the conventional clearing saw, mainly in terms of performance and ergonomics. The results show that the new brush saw with chain is very good in almost all clearing operations compared to the conventional clearing saw.

The Pitted ware dwelling site Ajvide on the west coast of Gotland in the Baltic Sea is, because of its long continuity from the late Mesolithic to the middle of the Scandinavian Bronze Age, an interesting research object concerning Stone Age in the Baltic area. In this essay, a comparison between two activity areas on Ajvide have been carried out in the purpose of finding out what these areas may have been used for during the middle Neolithic.  It has been showed, through zooarchaeological analyses of animal bones, that the areas most likely are depositing sites for slaughters refuse and food debris. If it is a result of everyday or more ceremonial activities is left undetermined..

An increased number of participants in the construction industry is asking for accompanying terrain models to the project in order to get a better understanding of the field. When the desire to create buildings that fit together nicely with the surrounding area is increasing, it becomes more and more important to have a broad base of knowledge about the ground on which the building is to be erected. Terrain models are also very useful in the planning of logistics, documentation for landscape architecture projects, and billings for mass calculations.Surveys for creating terrain models can be performed with laser scanning. The advantage of laser scanning is the time-effective surveying, the detailed information as well as the ability of application in complex environments resulting in a cost-efficient project. With this in mind our thesis was defined in collaboration with the company Bjerking AB in Uppsala in order to investigate if there were any softwares suitable for terrain modeling.

The usage of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) for several applications has in-creased during the past years. One of the possible applications are aerial imagecapturing for detection and surveillance purposes. In order to make the captur-ing process more efficient, multiple, cameraequipped UAV:s could fly in a for-mation and as a result cover a larger area. To be able to receive several imagesequences and stitch those together, resulting in a panoramavideo, a softwareapplication has been developed and tested for this purpose.All functionality are developed in the language C++ by using the software li-brary OpenCV. All implementations of different techniques and methods hasbeen done as generic as possible to be able to add functionality in the future.Common methods in computervision and object recognition such as SIFT, SURF and RANSAC have been tested..

Syftet med detta examensarbete var att designa en ny serie till Nibes befintliga varumärke Contura. Nibe beskriver Conturas formspråk som rent, enkelt och feminint.Undersökningar om vad feminint formspråk betyder resulterade i en diskussion om att främst designers och formgivare ej bör använda sig av orden feminint-/kvinnligt formspråk då dessa ord stärker stereotypen om vad kvinnligt respektive manligt är.Under researchdelen var en infallsvinkel att tiden i framtiden kommer att vara än mer viktig. Att människor, främst i västvärlden, kommer vilja ha mer tid utöver arbetet. Att få mer tid till att vara hemma resulterar i mer fokus på bostäders utformande då den boende vill ha ett trivsamt och personligt hem att vistas i. Utformningen av kaminen och andra produkter till hemmen blir viktiga då de får mer tid att betraktas av den/de boende.

Does goodwill affect the cost of capital? Goodwill is an asset which is characterized by much uncertainty regarding both what it is and how much it is really worth. Based on economic theory about information risk and principal-agent problems as well as theory regarding the cost of capital we test for the hypothesis that debt and equity investors perceive goodwill as something risky and hence demand compensation for taking on this extra risk. The proxies used for the cost of capital are cost of debt, beta and the EP-ratio. On a general level we find that increasing the level of goodwill seems to result in higher cost of capital as represented by the three proxies.

Sedan urminnes tid har folk sysslat med mätning av olika slag. Tid, längd, höjd, area, energi, volym och styrka är några exempel på vad som behövde mättas. Att mäta är att jämföra verklighet med en fördefinierad enhet. En sekund, en meter, ett watt är några exempel på enheter som brukas för att kunna definiera en mätning. I dagens samhälle är det viktigt med exakt mätning för att kunna till exempel producera rätt tjänst i rätt tid, just in time, för att kunna utnyttja sina resurser effektivt.

The transformation within the swedish infrastructure has been a slow process from thebeginning of time. For almost a decade, the traditional form of contracting regardingbuildings and foremost infrastructure has evolved contracting involving the owner to definethe outcome of the product, regardless involvement from the supposed contractor. As forthe swedish market, the traditional design-bid-build (DBB) have been the primary choice ofcontracting. Although changes have been made over time regarding contracting formswithin the road administration, the railway sector has not improved or justified changesregarding choice of contracting, they have conducted same contracting relationshipsbetween them and the contractor.This bachelor thesis, conducted at the Swedish railway administration with supervision ofprofessor Kristian Widén at Lunds University, explores the forces behind the new era ofcontracting within the railway administration. This bachelor thesis focuses mainly oncontracting regarding design-build-operate-main (DBOM), the new contracting formulabetween the owner and the contractor.

Storm water is rain and melted snow that runs off, primarily from impervious surfaces.Future storm water management is facing the challenges of increased precipitation, asclimate changes, and increased areas of impervious surfaces due to the expansion anddensification of the cities. Impervious surfaces reduce the potential for water to infiltratein the ground leading to increased surface runoff and higher peak discharge.The runoff coefficient is closely related to the percentage of impervious surfaces andrepresents the maximum percentage of a catchment that can contribute to runoff. In thisstudy, the objective was to evaluate the weighted runoff coefficient for three differenturban types; apartment buildings, townhouses and residential areas and a comparisonbetween today and the 1970`s was made.The runoff coefficient was determined by manual mapping of the different surface typesin each area based on data in the form of orthophotos and aerial photographs. The surfacetypes that were mapped were asphalt, permeable areas, tiles, sand/gravel and roof.Tiles and sand/gravel were the most difficult surface types to map. In order to see towhat extent these categories influenced the weighted runoff coefficient a sensitivityanalysis was carried out and the runoff coefficient based on surface type was changed indifferent scenarios.The results of the sensitivity analysis showed that the surface types tiles and sand/gravelhad little impact on the weighted runoff coefficient which in mainly due to the fact thatthe percentage of these surfaces types of the total area is small.The result of the study showed that the largest change in the runoff coefficient occurredin residential areas where the increase in the percentage of impervious surfaces causedby new roofs in the form of porches and garages and from paved or tiled driveways.