This study aims to contribute to the existing research field of Swedish arms export by examining the motives behind how the Swedish government and ISP have warranted arms export to countries in or on the brink of armed conflict after the change in law in 2018. The current Swedish legislation from 2018 with its basis in international legislation does not allow arms export to countries in or on the brink of armed conflict, but it still occurs due to a law that allows for exceptions if the arms export aligns with Sweden's interest in security policy. Earlier research has been conducted in the field and stated that Sweden?s progressive brand makes it possible for Sweden to export arms and still come across as a peaceful country, and that the Swedish government is involved in the arms trade which is essentially a private market. The analysis uses the theory of militarization to establish possible motives and a theoretical framework.

The UN was established after the Second World War. The organization?s primary goal was to maintain peace among all nations. When the UN intervenes in other states affairs, it is violat-ing the principles it is set to defend, principles of non-intervention and respect for sover-eignty. The outcome from such interventions is very important, a result that can legitimize the action.

The heterosis effect and breed group effect of crossbreds between Swedish Holstein (SH) and Swedish Red (SRB) was estimated in this study. Observations on cows born between 1990 and 2012 were used to estimate the heterosis effect and breed group effect for several traits included in the Nordic breeding goals: production, fertility, udder health, calving performance, survival and other diseases. Breeding within the Holstein dairy breed has earlier been focused on increased milk production and conformation. This, combined with an intensive use of individual animals, has resulted in a radical increase of milk yield in the Holstein dairy cow population all over the world. However, this breeding strategy has resulted in increased inbreeding and several functional traits have impaired.

In 1993 the internal market within the European Union was formed and ensured free movement of goods, services, capital and people. This led to the removal of trade barriers between members of the European Union. When opening up for competition, price differences between countries decreased and more jobs were created. A single currency was introduced by eleven countries in 1999 with the goal of reducing transaction costs, eliminating exchange rate risk and to further simplify trade. In 2001 Greece joined the collaboration and introduced the euro.

The study of the French market for softwood has been done in collaboration with VIDA AB. The aim of the study was to investigate important product quality and service quality dimensions, the customers? perception of the offering and generally describe the French market and present actors. The market for softwood around the world changes over time and new markets can mean opportunities for the sawmilling industry. The French market is the second biggest European market for softwood, has had presence of actors with sourcing of raw material from the Nordic countries for decades and there is a growing interest for building with wood. Theory being used is about the different dimensions that make up the total quality of softwood, together with intangible dimensions making up the total offering that helps the sawmilling industry to create positive perceived value for the customers. Methodological approach in the study was a case study research design, aimed at providing knowledge about one specific subject in one context. The general description was mostly carried out by literature studies and data from various statistics sources.

In article 1.2 c) EC regulation 852/2004 it says that the regulation is not applicable to producers who directly supply small quantities of primary products to the final consumer or to the local retailers who in their turn directly supply the final consumer. An almost identical regulation can be found in article 1.3 c) EC regulation 853/2004. The supply by a primary producer of small quantities of primary products, of animal origin or not, are consequently excepted from these two hygiene regulations. In article 1.3 EC regulation 852/2004 and article 1.4 EC regulation 853/2004 it says that the member states are to establish national rules in their national legislation as to the regulation of exception for small quantities. The aim of this study was to investigate the handling of small quantities of primary products distributed locally in Sweden but also the handling of these products in other countries.

In this report statistics concerning the reliability of sprinkler systems from seven countries has been analysed. The objective of the report has been to determine the reliability of sprinkler systems in Sweden and to present suggestions on measures to increase the reliability. The main conclusion that has been drawn is that the reliability of sprinkler systems in Sweden is 92 percent according to the analysis of Swedish statistics, and that this figure finds support in statistics from other countries. Further results are that the quality of design, installation, maintenance and inspection of sprinkler has to be improved and that the Swedish incident report has to be revised..

Denna studie fokuserar på företagsstorleks inverkan på sambandet mellan Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) och Corporate Financial Performance (CFP). Huvudsyftet är att mäta om effekten av CSR på CFP skiljer sig mellan små och stora företag noterade på Nasdaq OMX Nordic Stockholm. Perioden som studeras är åren 2006-2009 samt år 2011. För att utröna om företagsstorlek har inverkan på sambandet tillämpas modererande regressionsanalys som går ut på att fastställa huruvida någon interaktionseffekt förekommer eller ej. Vi kontrollerar även för variablerna bransch och tid.

Nordic Paper Åmotfors tillverkar elektrotekniskt papper som används till att isolera lindningarna i transformatorer. Det är viktigt att bibehålla papprets egenskaper under en mycket lång tid då en transformators livlängd är lång. Syftet med detta examensarbete var att undersöka huruvida tillsats av en kemikalie bestående av dicyandiamid kan fördröja åldrandet av de papper som Nordic Paper tillverkar. Förhoppningen var att deras papper därefter skulle klara de krav-parametrar som finns för papper som åldrats i olja. Kemikalien som användes var Cartafix® WE liquid.Försök utfördes där olika kemikaliedoseringar tillsattes i mälden.

CSR, Corporate Social Responsibility, has become increasingly important in a globalised world where the responsibilities of companies and governments are somewhat blurry. The textile industry is an industry where long supply chains and raw material production in developing countries are factors adding to the complexity and difficulties of solving ethical issues. Cotton production faces many environmental, social and financial challenges in the value chain. Therefore this case study takes a closer look at five Nordic home textile companies, Ikea, Hemtex, S Group, Moko and Finlayson, and how these companies choose their cotton related CSR tools and communicate their work on this area. These companies are of various sizes and therefore the resources for CSR work are also different, as well as the perceived values for working with CSR.

In the beginning of the 1990?s ratite breeding for meat production was introduced in many European countries, including Sweden. The knowledge of ostrich farming and diseases of ratites is increasing internationally but is still often limited among veterinarians. This report consists of a literature study and a summary of pathology findings from ratites submitted for necropsy to the National Veterinary Institute (SVA) in Uppsala, during 1995 to 2001. The purpose is to give a general introduction to ostrich and ratite breeding and to give an overview of the most common diseases. The necropsy data from 1995 to 2001, indicate that many of the diseases are management related rather than caused by infectious agents. Due to cold climate ostrich breeders in Sweden need to supply well designed buildings and good care of the animal.

Thinning is the partial removal of trees in a forest stand prior to final harvest. The term can be divided in pre-commercial thinning where little if any volume is removed from the stand and commercial thinning where removals are intended to provide a positive economic result. From a silvicultural point of view, the goal of thinning is to enhance future crop tree quality by removing low-quality stems and providing sufficient space for the accelerated development of retained ones (Huuskonen & Hynynen, 2006). The goals of this study was to see if commercial thinning could positively affect the short and medium term timber supply (MTTS) in the Interior regions of British Columbia (BC), and whether or not Scandinavian forestry practices could be adopted in the BC context. The mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) has created significant forest planning problems in BC. The annual allowable cut (AAC) was raised to capture beetle-killed timber while still merchantable.

The work place is becoming more flexible and an increasing number of employees report to a leader in another location or country. The borders between different countries, work places and cultures are diminished to a greater extent than before. Working from a distance means new opportunities in terms of competence development, flexibility in working hours, tasks and resources, a larger platform for various career opportunities and an expanded network. The purpose with this study is to examine how leaders can create a successful virtual team and motivate remotely. The qualitative study is carried out through interviews with leaders and employees within Nielsen Nordic.

Bakgrund: Det är viktigt att kliniskt kunna avgöra om idrottaren är tillräckligt rehabiliterad för att återgå till full träning och matchspel eftersom otillräcklig rehabilitering är den största riskfaktorn för återskada i hamstrings. Därför skulle ett test med enkel utrustning behöva komplettera den kliniska undersökningen.Syfte: Studiens syfte är att undersöka vilket samband som finns mellan genomförandet av Nordic hamstring strength test och Asklings hamstring test utifrån skattning av smärta och obehag i samband med testen. Huruvida deltagarnas tilltro till att prestera sitt yttersta i en 90 min fotbollsmatch påverkas efter testerna samt att beskriva obehag och smärta efter testerna för spelare som varit skadad eller inte under senaste sex månaderna.Metod: 22 fotbollsspelare fick skatta sin tilltro till sin egen förmåga att prestera sitt yttersta i en 90 min fotbollsmatch samt skatta obehag och smärta med VAS i samband med testerna. Hamstring Outcome Score användes för att få en helhetssyn av deltagarnas funktion och skadehistoria kring hamstring. Spearman?s rho och Wilcoxon?s teckenrang test användes för att analysera resultatet.Resultat: Korrelationen mellan Asklings hamstring test och Nordic hamstring strength test var moderat (0,4-0,6) dock signifikant på <0,05.

Bakgrund: Det är viktigt att kliniskt kunna avgöra om idrottaren är tillräckligt rehabiliterad för att återgå till full träning och matchspel eftersom otillräcklig rehabilitering är den största riskfaktorn för återskada i hamstrings. Därför skulle ett test med enkel utrustning behöva komplettera den kliniska undersökningen.Syfte: Studiens syfte är att undersöka vilket samband som finns mellan genomförandet av Nordic hamstring strength test och Asklings hamstring test utifrån skattning av smärta och obehag i samband med testen. Huruvida deltagarnas tilltro till att prestera sitt yttersta i en 90 min fotbollsmatch påverkas efter testerna samt att beskriva obehag och smärta efter testerna för spelare som varit skadad eller inte under senaste sex månaderna.Metod: 22 fotbollsspelare fick skatta sin tilltro till sin egen förmåga att prestera sitt yttersta i en 90 min fotbollsmatch samt skatta obehag och smärta med VAS i samband med testerna. Hamstring Outcome Score användes för att få en helhetssyn av deltagarnas funktion och skadehistoria kring hamstring. Spearman?s rho och Wilcoxon?s teckenrang test användes för att analysera resultatet.Resultat: Korrelationen mellan Asklings hamstring test och Nordic hamstring strength test var moderat (0,4-0,6) dock signifikant på <0,05.