The purpose of this work was to investigate the adherence to basic hygiene routines among staff and to investigate if there is any difference between the adherences in diverse professions. The purpose was also to study how staff rates their own adherence to current guidelines. Data for the study were collected through observations and questionnaires. Altogether 35 people were observed and 15 answered the questionnaire. Maximum adherence was found in the category of "hand disinfection after patient contact" with a score of 96%.

Bakgrund: Varje år insjuknar ca 700 barn och ungdomar med diabetes mellitus typ 1. Behandlingen är livslång och kräver kunskap och förmåga att kontrollera och justera sitt blodsocker. För ungdomar kan det vara svårt att hantera sin sjukdom i det vardagliga livet då det kan påverka sociala och psykologiska faktorer. Syfte: Att beskriva faktorer som påverkar adherence hos ungdomar med diabetes mellitus typ 1. Metod: En litteraturstudie med systematisk sökning och beskrivande design.

Bristande adherence (följsamhet) till ordinerade läkemedel, såsom immundämpande läkemedel, som är tillräckligt stor för att ge negativ effekt på behandlingsresultatet är ett problem som kan delas in i fyra huvudområden: taking, timing, dosing och skipping. Trots nästan perfekt adherence efter njurtransplantation (Ntx) kan avvikelse i timing ge allvarliga konsekvenser. Studier visar att drygt 30 procent av vuxna Ntx patienter brister i sin adherence. Det medför stora kostnader för samhället men framförallt riskeras rejektion av det transplanterade organet och risk för försämrad funktion, transplantatförlust eller i värsta fall patientens död.Syfte: Att undersöka bristande adherence till immundämpande läkemedel hos vuxna Ntx-patienter och undersöka om sjuksköterskan kan förbättra patientens adherence med omvårdnadsåtgärder.Metod: Litteraturöversikt. 18 vetenskapliga artiklar har analyserats i resultatet och delats upp efter två frågeställningar.Resultat: Missuppfattningen att patienter har hela ansvaret för att ta sina mediciner speglar oftast en okunskap och bristande förståelse för hur andra faktorer påverkar adherence.

Background: Insufficient physical activity is a public health problem. The Swedish recommendation is to be physically active for a minimum of 30 minutes every day, which is fulfilled by about half the adult population. Recent research has shown that sedentary behavior is an independent risk factor. Physical activity on prescription (FaR®) is an individually adapted and written prescription, a method to encourage physical activity. The National Board of Health and Welfare has observed that counseling combined with a written prescription convey better adherence than just counseling.

Bakgrund: Sjukvården har en viktig roll i att främja fysisk aktivitet hos populationen. Fysisk inaktivitet är ett växande problem i världen och är en starkt bidragande orsak till många av de välfärdssjukdomar som allt fler människor drabbas av. Fysisk aktivitet på recept (FaR) växer allt mer fram som en behandlingsform många hoppas på ska kunna förbättra hälsan eller i bästa fall förebygga sjukdomar. Syfte: Syftet är att undersöka huruvida studier som gjorts kring FaR och andra varianter på fysisk aktivitet på recept kunnat påvisa någon ökad adherence hos patienter som mottagit ett skrivet recept på aktivitet i stället för standardiserad vård om fysisk aktivitet. Metod: 13 artiklar ingick i en litteraturöversikt.

Bakgrund: Varje år insjuknar ca 700 barn och ungdomar med diabetes mellitus typ 1. Behandlingen är livslång och kräver kunskap och förmåga att kontrollera och justera sitt blodsocker. För ungdomar kan det vara svårt att hantera sin sjukdom i det vardagliga livet då det kan påverka sociala och psykologiska faktorer. Syfte: Att beskriva faktorer som påverkar adherence hos ungdomar med diabetes mellitus typ 1. Metod: En litteraturstudie med systematisk sökning och beskrivande design.

Background: Coronary heart disease kills more than 7 million people worldwide each year. High levels of blood fat, cholesterol, contributes significantly to coronary heart disease. Lifestyle changes combined with lipid-lowering drugs, statins, is an effective treatment. But adherence to statins is low, not even a myocardial infarction always contributes to adherence. Adherence requires patient education and good communication between patient and physician.

This essay is aimed at exploring how governments inclination to adhere to international human rights law develops in the wake of interstate conflicts. It examines how human rights in Eritrea and Ethiopia has developed after the war in 1998-2000 by examining the historical background to the war, and reviewing country reports from United States State Department and Amnesty International between 2001-2005.The result of the paper shows that Eritrea's adherence to human rights suffered setbacks, and that some of these happened due to the aftermath of the war. Ethiopia also had some lesser setback primarily due to internal turmoil. The essay concludes that states adherence to human rights in postconflict situations depend on if the war severely weakened the state, in which case the state becomes more repressive in order to cling to power..

Physiotherapists treat people with different views of the world and medical beliefs, which require a good understanding of cultural differences. One way to achieve cultural understanding is through self-reflection in a new context. During five weeks the authors, two physiotherapy students, completed a clinical practice at the rehabilitation center Pina Palmera, Zipolite, Oaxaca, Mexico. At the beginning of the period a critical incident was chosen, when the head physiotherapist for the ward Cuidados Especiales intended to sell jewellery to the authors during a treatment of a patient. The authors have by using the reflection framework "Framework to guide reflective process", and Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) for analysis, discussed different ways of communication, adherence, education, and self-reflection and critical thinking.

Folkhälsovetenskapligt program.

This essay aims to analyse if the Russian military operation carried out against Georgia between the 7th and 12th of august 2008 were executed with adherence to the Russian principles for military deception, maskirovka.   A superior purpose is to assess the situation according to the Swedish Armed Forces task of identifying possible needs for new or changed needs for abilities and competence.   The method used is two-alternative hypotheses which are tried by comparing actual events before and during the Russian-Georgian war with the ten methods of maskirovka, compiled from military analytical literature. Such traces of resemblance are further examined, both individually and as a part of a larger indication.   Further the essay describes the Russian art of war, the prerequisites for military surprise, information warfare in Russian doctrine, the disputed territories of South Ossetia and Abkhazia and the principles for maskirovka.   The conclusion is that the Russian operation was executed with some adherence to maskirovka, though unspecified of to what degree.   Author of this essay is Cadet Martin Svensson of the Swedish Army, currently a student at the Armed Forces Technical School in Halmstad..

Introduction: Good hand hygiene practice is the single most important measure to reduce the spread of bacteria and viruses in healthcare. For nurses, this has become more important as the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria in hospitals is increasingObjective: To identify factors that are important for adherence to hand hygiene among health care workers with patient contact.Method: Systematic literature review. Original articles were searched in PubMed and Cinahl.Results: Factors of importance for compliance was profession, lack of time, knowledge/education, physical work environment, attitudes toward hand hygiene, and dry hands.Conclusion: More education, less workload and more visible placement of hand disinfectant containers are examples of actions that could lead to the improvement of staff hand hygiene and reduce the incidence of healthcare associated infections. Due to the fact that health care workers around the world have different training and approaches, the result of this study may be difficult to use. To increase adherence to hand hygiene, a similar study limited to a specific country, such as Sweden, would therefore be interesting to carry through.Keywords: hand hygiene, Infection Control, Compliance..

Neuroleptikamedicinering är förenat med en stark biverkningsprofil där sexuella biverkningar hör till de vanligt förekommande. Sexuella biverkningar uppmärksammas inte i forskning i samma utsträckning som andra biverkningar, än mindre för kvinnor i jämförelse med män. Fokus ligger på viktuppgång och dess effekter. Forskning kring sexuella biverkningar vid neuroleptikabehandling och dess påverkan på personers adherence är bristfällig. Syftet: Syftet är att i en pilotstudie undersöka hur biverkningsprofilen på depåneuroleptika med fokus på sexuella biverkningar inverkar på kvinnors inställning till medicinering.Metod: Datainsamlingen gjordes i form av en enkätundersökning på personer som erhåller depå-neuroleptika vid en psykosmottagning i Västra Götaland.

Background: Basic hygiene is an important measure to prevent healthcare associated infections, save patients? lives, and reduce economic costs for health care. Healthcare associated infections are a threat to patient safety. In community care persons who are the care takers are a risk group and nurses must make sure that basic hygiene procedures are followed.Method: Literature studies with descriptive design, article search in databases Cinahl and PubMed. The results found are based on twelve chosen articles.Aim: To describe factors related to adherence to basic hygiene and how nurses in community care can help to improve compliance with these procedures.Results: In the nursing staff and leadership in health care interest in and the understanding of basic hygiene is described as being of most importance.

Physiotherapists treat people with different views of the world and medical beliefs, which require a good understanding of cultural differences. One way to achieve cultural understanding is through self-reflection in a new context. During five weeks the authors, two physiotherapy students, completed a clinical practice at the rehabilitation center Pina Palmera, Zipolite, Oaxaca, Mexico. At the beginning of the period a critical incident was chosen, when the head physiotherapist for the ward Cuidados Especiales intended to sell jewellery to the authors during a treatment of a patient. The authors have by using the reflection framework "Framework to guide reflective process", and Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) for analysis, discussed different ways of communication, adherence, education, and self-reflection and critical thinking.