Fertilitetsegenskaper har ofta låga arvbarheter och selektion baserat på fenotyp är ofta ineffektiv och långsam. För att förbättra fertilitetsegenskaper som ovulationsmängd och kullstorlek hos får är det effektivast att selektera avelsdjur utefter deras genotyp. Olika mutationer i gener tillhörande transforming growth factor-? (TGF?) superfamiljen har visat sig påverka ovulationsmängd och kullstorlek hos får. Dessa gener är BMPR-1B, BMP15 och GDF9.

Background: Oil is the most dominating source of energy of today, it constitutes for more than 40 per cent of the worlds total energy consumption. This together with the fact that stock in oil companies has soared on the stock exchanges around the world makes oil a very interesting topic to write within. In order to gain knowledge in how to value oil companies, the authors will collect information from theory and through a questionnaire. By applying the information gathered to three companies listed on the Stockholm Stock Exchange the authors will reach an objective picture of valuation of oil companies.Purpose: To investigate how shares of stock are valuated in the oil exploring and producing industry, and what specific measures and metrics that are used in the valuation of stocks in Exploring and Producing (E&P) companies.Method: By using a qualitative approach for this thesis, the authors will investigate how the valuation of oil companies works and what measures that should be applied. The authors will use a part descriptive and part explorative study.

ABSTRACTToday's modern technological society is constantly evolving and house planning is one area that is constantly creating new technical solutions. By looking back at selected architectural eras during the 1900?s, the idea is to study and analyse three building structures in Gothenburg with a focus on quality and content in the urban space.In order to provide a background for the three selected areas, their history has been studied. The main question for the research is: how do different building structures affect the content and qualities in the urban space?The areas have been selected to represent three typical epochs in Swedish building history.

Studiens syfte är att undersöka relationen mellan unga arbetslösa och kriminalitet, så kallad ungdomsbrottslighet. Studiens fokus ligger på relationen mellan arbetslöshet och kriminalitet enligt professionellas perspektiv och hur detta stämmer överens med tidigare forskning. Empirin har inhämtats genom kvalitativa intervjuer och analyserats med stigma som huvudsakligt perspektiv. Resultatet i studien tyder på att arbetslösheten har en stor inverkan på kriminalitet. Dock spelar flera andra faktorer in, såsom boende, hälsa, utbildning och uppväxt.

Inbreeding has become a problem in some horse breeds. Studies show that it may lead to inbreeding depression which affects e.g. reproduction traits. In the wild there are mechanisms that make horses avoid mating with close relatives. When selection is done by humans this mechanism is removed and intensive breeding for a few traits, for example good racing results, can become a problem.

A recent trend in the technological evolution has been to increase the mobility of the end-user. A contributing factor is the fast rate of improvement in the smartphone area. This, in turn, has changed the expectations end-users have on the availability of services, which has allowed mobile applications, apps, to find their place in everyday life.This study has been conducted at Scania?s Fleet Management department that offers a web-based service where haulage contractors can administer, monitor and follow up on their vehicle fleets. The purpose of this study was to investigate if Scania?s existing web service should be extended into the mobile area, and if so, what organizational and technical challenges app development imposes.

Our social lives and where we live shape our choices in life. One of those choices is which party we vote for in the general election. The aim of this thesis is to see if there are any connections between the Swedish general election of 2010, demography, socioeconomic factors and geography. This is done with regression analysis and chosen variables. Another aim is to see where in Sweden the chosen variables aren?t enough to explain the results of the election.

Background: Cerebral Palsy is usually divided into three subgroups: ataxic, spastic and dyskinetic, where children and adolescents can, because of misestimation in nutrition and energy intake, suffer from weight problems.Aim: To compare calculations with equations with the individual's measured RMR in the subgroups, to see if any equation is more suitable. This could be used as a tool to calculate the resting metabolism at times when it is not possible to perform clinical measurements.Method: The RMR has been measured in 37 children and adolescents aged 3-15 years through indirect respiratory calorimetry. Those values have been compared with calculations from five equations. The results were then analyzed in order to find if any equation is better to apply for calculating resting metabolism for each subgroup.Results: The ataxic group was overestimated by 56.5% of the calculated values. WHO/FAO/UNU?s equation indicates a significantly strong correlation between the measured and calculated values (r=0.85, p<0.05).

The aim of this report was to investigate the economy of passive houses. The work was focused on economy in total and on the economy of different components such as windows, insulation, heat exchanger and the air tightness of the climate shell. No attention was paid on the comfort factor or to the impacts on the environment.Two houses, aspiring to be passive were chosen; A big one and a small one. Hence, comparisons considering the size of the building have been possible to do as well.The comparisons were made by calculating ?break even? between two concepts; passive and BBR- concept.

The purpose of this study is to increase understanding of the unemployed youth. To achievethat, we have investigated who the unemployed young people are, how their wellbeing isaffected and what they need for a change to take place. The study was conducted in amedium-sized Swedish city with the help of a method combination. The target population forthis study is people enrolled in ?Job-guarantee for Youth? in spring 2014.

A relatively new sector in the world is the one concerning social enterprises and their development. Social enterprises are enterprises that are working with social objectives, their goal is not to make as much money as possible. This essay is looking at the development in social enterprises in two countries; Great Britain and Sweden and how the employee numbers in the enterprises have changed over time. The result shows a large increase in the number of employees in the enterprises in Sweden, however the enterprises in Great Britain does show a declining number of employees. This essay also tries to examine whether a couple of external factors, taken from a series of already existing theories, are affecting the possibility of development in these enterprises.

The value of game for hunting from a social economic viewpoint is an interesting topic that is currently being investigated in a Swedish research program. The amount of damages that the game stocks cause to the forestry is, and has been in focus for a longer period of time. Something that I saw as missing was an investigation of how much an active game keeping measure might cost in lost incomes for forestry in terms of reduced acreage for forest production. This question was the foundation for this investigation, which purpose is to give interested persons with decent knowledge of forestry an example of how cost estimation for forestry resembling the example that is studied can look like. The measures that has been taken is a felling of forest in different ages on both sides of a forest dirt road to create increased asset of forage for the game, and at the same time give hunters that have their post along the dirt road a better chance of seeing passing animals early and increasing the possibility to shoot good shots. The area, which is a part of The Swedish Association for Hunting and Wildlife Management estate Öster Malma, is also used as an example for guests who wish to learn more about managing ungulates. These guests have now got the opportunity to get information on how big the costs are for the measures that have been taken. The main conclusions of this work is that changed timber prices and foremost a change of interest rate makes big differences on the result of the calculations.

Personliga beslut om sparande drivs av många olika motiv, några är, behovet av att bygga upp tillgångar för att finansiera konsumtion under den senare delen av livet, osäkerhet om framtiden och att spara åt nästa generation. Sparandet för konsumtion under pensionsåren är generellt ansett som det viktigaste motivet till att spara. En faktor som ger ett ökat intresse för att studera sparande ärden åldrande befolkningen i de rika delarna av världen. Medelåldern i Europa stiger och befolkningen blir äldre och lever längre.Resultaten visade att inflationen var den variabel som har störst påverkan på sparkvoten. Inte långt efter kom variablerna arbetslöshet, inkomsttillväxt och handelsbalans.

The aim of this project was to quantify the total sleep time in modern dairy cows during24-hour periods and to investigate whether the total amount of sleep as well as timespent in different sleep stages varies between the dry period, early- and peak lactation.The distribution of sleep time between night and day was also examined. Furthermore,correlations between sleep and lying time, fluctuations in body temperature and heartbeat were included in the aim. Eight dairy cows of the Swedish Red breed were used inthis study, which was carried out between June and September 2010. In order toquantify sleep non-invasive electrophysiological recordings were performed.Simultaneously with collecting sleep data, body position and body temperature werealso recorded. No heart rate data was obtained due to difficulties of maintainingelectrodes for heart beat measurements attached to the skin.

This paper analyses the potential extent of labour mobility in the European Union after the eastern enlargement that took place in 2004, but focuses on movements from the 10 new member countries to the old EU -members. In this study, a number of economic models are used to investigate if there is a large potential for labour mobility in the enlarged EU and also if this potential has large effects on mobility in reality. The potential for labour mobility is, to a large extent, discussed in terms of theoretical migrating incitements for workers and different types of labour migration obstacles. Many factors indicate that such large potential for migration actually exists, mainly due to high difference in wages and unemployment and because of the common EU market. At the same time, the presence of natural and constructed obstacles is likely to restrict migration for a long period of time..