The purpose of this project is to analyze earthing systems for houses. By practical measurements and theoretical analyzes consequences of possible faults, that can occur within the facility and in the low-voltage distribution network, is illustrated.  The reason for this project is that nowadays one has to arrange with a main equipotential bonding system for buildings. Apart from that, if necessary, bathrooms must be provided with a supplementary equipotential bonding system.The practical measurements verify that potential differences in facilities may be due to voltage drops in the PEN conductor between the origin of the electrical installation and the power transformer.Based on the theoretical analyzes of possible faults, it is considered that the requirement for  supplementary equipotential bonding systems for bathrooms in most cases can be questioned, when basic insulation, fault protection, residual current devise and main equipotential bonding system already provides an adequate level of protection.A PEN conductor loss may result in a situation where metallic parts attached to the equipotential bonding system starts working as earth electrodes. Equipotential bonding system may also increase the incidence of stray currents. If TN-C-S systems is provided with a local connection to earth a redundant system against PEN conductor loss is obtained.

This thesis revolves around NATO?s role in the Ukraine crisis with the startpoint in 2014. Specifically, through conducting a qualitative content analysis of various NATO related material, a study regarding NATO?s security strategy and defense strategy, and the strategies' implications and roles in the Ukraine crisis, was able to be conducted. The purpose was to obtain an understanding of how NATO?s strategy has been interpreted and implemented in relation to the crisis.

Trygghet är en subjektiv upplevelse som påverkas av många olika faktorer och påverkar människors hälsa och beteenden. En individs hälsa påverkas av hela den omgivande miljön och otrygghet kan leda till att områden inte utnyttjas, vilket kan föranleda inaktivitet, isolering och stress. Trygghet påverkas negativt av förekomst av brott och positivt av gemenskap, mötesplatser och delaktighet. I Sverige upplever de flesta sitt bostadsområde som tryggt men det är vanligare att boende i flerfamiljshus i större städer upplever otrygghet. I stadsdelen Råby i Västerås finns mycket flerfamiljshus och har ett rykte om att vara otryggt.

The purpose of this study was to examine and illustrate how young adults look at themselves and their lifesituation in relation to the late modern society. More specifically its aim was to find out if the respondents have been affected by the ideals and norms of the late modern society in their lifechoises and their view of happiness. This study was based on interviews with eight young adults in the ages between 25 - 33. Out of the eight three were singles, two were married with children and three were in relationships. During the process four themes were identified: The importance and developement of an identity, fullfillment in the respondents lifesituations, the experience of happiness in the respondents lives and how the late modern society have influenced the respondents in their lives.

The focus of this study is on the nature of social support from the rape survivor's perspective. Research has shown that social support is essential to the survivor's ability to recover from rape and that it acts as a powerful tool for the survivor to effectively deal with the PTSD symptoms that follow rape. The research also shows that survivors often receive or interpret reactions after a rape as negative. Hence, these reactions can be detrimental tothe healing process.Qualitative interviews with six women on their experience of social support after rape form the base of this study and Anthony Giddens terms ontological security, fateful moments and bodily self-management are a part of the analytical apparatus. Rape is commonly analyzed from a feminist perspective.

The company Sol & Energiteknik wanted to examine the possibility to make a standardhouse totally energy independent. Based upon this I have, during the spring of 2007,examined the possibilities available at the market today through litterature studies, contactwith several companies and reading reports at the internet.The first thing to examine has been to determine the energy consumption for a standardhouse, and find out if there are better technologies to be used for energy conservation.My conclusion in this matter is that there are possibilities today for building a house moreenergy efficient.When I had reached the point at which my design for the house was decided, I also hadto choose the different products to use to produce energy as well as to store that energy.To produce heat and electricity to the house I decided to use a wind turbine and a solarwater heater.The most difficult part of designing a house that is energy independent is that theproduced energy must be stored somehow. Storing the heat is relatively easy beacuse theheat can be stored in a large water tank. The electricity is a bigger problem beacuse itmust be stored in batteries, which today are too expensive to be used in a standard house.In the future producing and storing hydrogen might be used to produce electricity, buttoday that technology is both expensive and not tested enough.My final conclusion is that a standard house can not be built to be totally energyindependent today, unless it is very expensive to connect the house to the electricitynetwork. As an alternative solution I came up with a proposal for a house which isconnected to the electricity network and have some amount of own produced energy.This house prooved to be a good investment if you choose to build it today, and it couldbe a very good investment in the long run beacuse energy prices increase every year..

Background: Traditionally defined boundaries and borders between organizations are at present being re-evaluated because of new and tougher demands. Today we can see a trend where these boundaries are being lowered or even eliminated when organizations choose to co-operate instead of compete. Purpose: In order to create an understanding for the partner selection process in the newly founded joint ventures between the companies which are building the Swedish 3G Network, the determining factors are being studied. Delimitation: The studies companies are co-operating as network operators but are at the same time competing as mobile operators. This relationship is in the literature described as co-opetition, which will not be investigated in this paper.

The number of smartphones are constantly increasing, 2010 approximately 200 million unitswere sold globally and the figure is predicted to increase to 1 billion in 2016. The increased useof smartphones also carries many risks, for example many smartphones are connected to theInternet. This is a possible way for hackers to gain access to user devices. Smartphones are wellrepresented in research on its safety, while research on its use and users? awareness often leavesmore to be desired.

Even though terrorism has been on the political agenda for several years there is no general accepted definition of the phenomena of terrorism. Several scientist do also apply that terrorism have changed after the 9/11-attacks. The purpose with this thesis was to analyze and compare the image of terrorism represented by the United States, United Kingdom, Sweden and Norway, in an attempt to draw conclusions about similarities and differentials. The material that was used was these four nations individual counter terrorism strategy. This was made by using idea analysis and self constructed dimensions based on earlier science about security, terrorism and international law.

The aim of this thesis is to contribute to a better understanding of the FRA-law. The focus of the study is to examine how Swedish politicians relate to the new draft of this law on intelligence. Key themes in the study are security, threats, surveillance and privacy. The power relationship between the individual and the state is also examined. Empirical data used in this study consists of a spoken plenary debate in the House which was held in connection with the adoption of the FRA law in June 2008.

The public transport network in Täby commune consists currently of two types of bus line of whichboth belong to the category of feeder lines. The first type terminates at Danderyds sjukhus and feedsto the subway whereas the second type terminates at Täby centrum and feeds to Roslagsbanan, asuburban narrow-gauge railway system in northern Stockholm. The trunk bus line that connectsgreater parts of the commune with Danderyd is the ring line 604 and goes both clockwise (604H) andcounterclockwise (604V). The main negative aspect of this structure is the complicity in incorporatingit timetable-wise with other bus lines that share the same route, such as through Enebyberg.The goal of this project is to investigate the possibilities of splitting ring line 604 and connecting theends to two different bus routes that terminate at Täby centrum today. Apart from easing thecoordination with other bus lines through Enebyberg, the extension also creates new directconnections from various areas in Täby to Danderyds sjukhus.

This essay is divided in several different parts, but all are tied up together by a fact that we want to increase productivity. We hope to do that by programming the PLC and to reach this with a better security for the person how are going to handle the cutting machine under it?s cutting process. We should as well look for some other ways to come up with better instructions and way to work and handle yourself during work. This programming is done in GRAPH7.

Since the 9/11-attacks several nations have been confronted with a new international threat, its nature traces back to the political- and religious- radical movements of the 20th century Cold War. Ever since, various states have been under threat by terrorist organizations around the world due to mainly participating in worldwide counter-terrorist interventions created by western alliances. In Sweden, amongst other countries, the state took security-precautions that would imply total control of information throughout the territorial borders. The assigned proposition was accepted by the Swedish parliament in June 18th 2008, after this date wild spread criticism was still in effect ever since the Swedish government first publicly announced the proposition in May 8th 2007. This study emphasizes on understanding why the Swedish government chose to present this proposition to parliament, in order to complete this task the study will present the motives and the alleged threats that were the core of the proposition and its value-maximizing goal of creating a new surface for Swedish homeland security.

Sweden is the country in Europe that receives most applicants from asylum seeking unaccompanied children. The majority of all unaccompanied children are boys and the two biggest sending countries are Afghanistan and Somalia. There is however a big difference between the proportion of unaccompanied girls between the two countries, Somalia with a big proportion of girls and Afghanistan with a low proportion of girls. Previous research has shown that there is a big knowledge gap about unaccompanied girls? migration.

För att minnas långa lösenord är det inte ovanligt att användare rekommenderas att skapa en mening som sedan sätts ihop till ett långt lösenord, en lösenordsfras.Informationsteoretiskt sett är dock ett språk väldigt begränsat och förutsägbart, varför enligt Shannons definition av informationsteori en språkriktig lösenordsfras bör vara relativt lätt att knäcka.Detta arbete riktar in sig på knäckning av språkriktiga lösenordsfraser, dels i syfte att avgöra i vilken grad det är tillrådligt att basera en lösenordspolicy på lösenordsfraser för skydd av data, dels för att allmänt tillgängliga effektiva metoder idag saknas för att knäcka så långa lösenord.Inom arbetet genererades fraser för vidare användning av tillgängliga knäckningsprogram, och språket i fraserna modelleras med hjälp av en Markov-process. I denna process byggs fraserna upp genom att det används antal observerade förekomster av följder av bokstäver eller ord i en källtext, så kallade n-gram, för att avgöra möjliga/troliga nästkommande bokstav/ord i fraserna.Arbetet visar att genom att skapa modeller över språket kan språkriktiga lösenordsfraser knäckas på ett praktiskt användbart sätt jämfört med uttömmande sökning..