Energy efficiency is important both to reduce costs and to reduce greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. In Sweden 40 percent of the energy consumption is related to the buildings sector. Hospitals are complex buildings with different activities in the same building, which requires flexible technical systems for ventilation, heating and lightning. A quarter of the total energy consumption in Swedish hospitals is related to user activities in the hospitals. Therefore it is not only important to work with operational optimization but also to change user activities, to reduce energy consumption.The objective of this thesis was to examine the user-related energy efficiency work at two care units, at the central hospital in Sundsvall within Västernorrlands County.

More elderly, fewer hands: The way forward Sustaining the care workforce as a political challenge ? A case study of?elderly care in Kalmar Municipality This study examines how Human Capital Theory and New Public?Management are reflected in the governance of eldercare in Kalmar?municipality. Based on document analysis and interviews with politicians?and senior officials, the study shows that investments in staff competence?and well-being coexist with efficiency-oriented management practices.?Rather than being contradictory, these approaches are often combined in?everyday governance. The study concludes that the main challenge is not?funding, but capacity and that sustainable eldercare depends on aligning?national goals with local conditions and strong human capital.

Stockholm har inför 2050 satt upp ett mål om att bli koldioxidfritt. I strävan mot detta söker man utvinna energi med förnybara metoder och ett alternativ för elproduktion inom stadskärnan skulle kunna vara solceller. Solceller är en teknik som genom sammanfogande av halvledarmaterial och den fotoelektrisk effekt genererar el ur solinstrålning.Avhandlingen studerar dagens solceller, med verkningsgrader uppemot 20 % och deras potential att täcka den mindre del av Stockholms elbehov som idag härstammar från fossila bränslen. Genom att se till en uppskattad befintlig takyta i Stockholms kommun och jämföra den med ytan som baserat på solcellernas potential behövs för att täcka behovet, konstateras att endast en liten del av detta kommer kunna täckas. För att solceller skall vara aktuella inom storskalig elproduktion, krävs att de är ekonomiskt lönsamma och att det i dagens läge är praktiskt genomförbart att montera dem inom stadskärnan.

The purpose of this thesis is to describe how principals apprehend the school library. In order to respond to this I formulated three questions: How was the improvement of the school libraries carried out in one municipality? Is the school library experienced as a part of the schools organization? How is the use of the school´s library experienced? To be able to answer these questions, for the purpose of this thesis, I have studied relevant literature on school libraries, the school organization and literature on qualitative methods. I have made six qualitative interviews. The objects of the interviews were three librarians and three principals.

This Master's thesis work was done at SLU, Uppsala, Sweden in cooperation with Upplandsstiftelsen and Uppsala County Council. The studied area is pointed out as an area for EU´s LIFE project, NATURA 2000, concerning the Scarabid beetle Osmoderma eremita. The studied area lies in an agricultural landscape rich on deciduous trees, about 15 km south of Enköping in the County of Uppland. The species is dependent on large, old, hollow trees, which are exposed to sunlight, usually oak trees in this area. I studied the area in detail concerning large old trees (>70cm ø), middle-aged oak trees and young oak trees.

Aim The purpose of this research is to study the need and the importance of marks in secondary school. The reason is to find out the students' perception of how they are motivated. Furthermore, how students experience the assessment and grading in physical education.What attitudes do students have towards the mark in the subject physical education in 6th and 9th grade, also how does SOC affect their attitudes towards marks?What kind of motivational significance do marks in physical education have in 6th and 9th grade based on their SOC?How do the students experience the assessment in grading in 6th and 9th grade based on their SOC?Method The data was collected with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of four classes from 6th grade and five classes from 9th grade; all from two different schools in the county of Stockholm.

Children's library's primary task is to encourage children to read. Promoted readingleads to increased reading skills. A common method for this purpose is booktalk. This studyaims to examine how children?s librarians work with booktalk aimed towards children andhow it can be developed as a working method to support the library's reading promotionactivities.

Uppsatsen belyser hur uttalet av or-ändelser, er-förled samt vokalen i orden räv och gräs förändrats i stockholmsspråket under 1900-talet. Den utförda undersökningen berör tre olika åldersgrupper i staden.Störst uttalsvariation uppvisas i den äldsta gruppen, medan det i den yngsta gruppen uppvisas minst variation. Det som jämförs är hur ord uttalas isolerat (genom ordelicitering) samt hur samma ord uttalas i ett textsammanhang (genom högläsning av en text). I viss mån diskuteras även utbildningen och yrkesrollens betydelse för läsuttalet..

There is an irregularity in the interregional migration in Sweden. An increasing proportion ofthe population is drawn to the metropolitan areas, which creates problems for the smallermunicipalities and towns when their population declines. At the same time, our whole societyis faced with a great challenge: we need to redirect towards a sustainable development, wherethe environmental issues are discussed and dealt with to secure that all present and futuregenerations are given equal opportunities to live a good life.The aim of this study is to, focusing mainly on the environmental dimension of thesustainability concept, examine the attractivity of housing with sustainability claims. Toanswer this, three research questions were used:? Was the migration motive to reduce their environmental impact a part of the decision tomove, among migrants who had moved to housing with sustainability claims?? If the motive was a part of the decision, how much impact did it have compared to othermigration motives?? Which factors in housing aiming at sustainability are considered important by peopleliving in housing with sustainability claims?The research questions have been answered using quantitative data, gained in the form of selfadministeredquestionnaires which were distributed in four different residential areas withsustainability claims in the county of Västra Götaland, Sweden.

The purpose of this study is to review the legal situation of the psychosocial work enivronment for principals. The purpose is also to get an increased understanding for how the principals work environment can affect people involved in the swedish school. The psychosocial work environment is explained through studying European law, national law and case law. The principals work situation is studied by different sources, for example from the Work Environment Agency and a report from the Swedish School Agency. The legal dogmatic method has been applied with the legal sociology method to analyze the material.

Antalet ensamstående har ökat kraftigt i Stockholm under senare år. Frihet och självständighet ses som särskilt viktiga egenskaper för singelpersoner. Det är även socialt eftertraktat att som ensamstående framstå som lycklig och stark. Syftet med denna studie var att få en nyanserad bild av singelskapets betydelse samt synen på parrelationer för både kvinnor och män. Sju manliga och kvinnliga singlar i Stockholm intervjuades och materialet genomgick tematisk analys där fem huvudteman framkom.

Stockholm lider idag av omfattande bostadsbrist och ständigt ökande befolkningsmängd. För att möta detta ökande behov av bostäder i Stockholm finns en nödvändighet i att utforska nya vägar till att åstadkomma detta. Här finns en unik möjlighet till en förtätning av staden genom att utnyttja Stockholms stora vattenarealer för att bygga flytande bostäder.Som alternativ till den traditionella byggkonsten ämnar examensarbetet till att demonstrera de kvaliteter som finns med att bo på vatten genom att utforma ett attraktivt bostadsområde med flytande konstruktion. Projektet illustreras i det tidigare hamnområdet vid Liljeholmskajen i Årstadals hamn, Stockholm. För att åstadkomma detta utförs fallstudier på olika typer av flytande konstruktioner som finns på den svenska marknaden för att fastställa de bästa konstruktionslösningarna som leder till färdiga förslagshandlingar.Resultatet visar att ett flytande bostadsområde är genomförbart med dagens teknik som ett sätt att förtäta staden.

The main purpose of this thesis is to investigate how the societysystem in Austria has influenced the library system. The aim is toanalyse in what way these influences have changed during thegrowth and development of the public library system and how it isdisplayed in each separate library branch. The focus of myinvestigation has been the municipality public libraries in Vienna,and mainly the three libraries in the third district of the city. Themethod I have used is literature studies, examining and analysingsource material from the internal archive of the public libraries inVienna. I have also used the qualitative interview method in orderto examine the situation in the selected libraries Rabengasse,Erdbergstraße and Fasangasse.As there is no common library law, there are significantdifferences in the library structure in different parts of Austria andeach municipality decides how they want to prioritize the libraries.Since the public libraries of Vienna are well organized together inBüchereien Wien, the library structure in the separate librarybranches is coordinated.

The main purpose of this thesis is to investigate how the societysystem in Austria has influenced the library system. The aim is toanalyse in what way these influences have changed during thegrowth and development of the public library system and how it isdisplayed in each separate library branch. The focus of myinvestigation has been the municipality public libraries in Vienna,and mainly the three libraries in the third district of the city. Themethod I have used is literature studies, examining and analysingsource material from the internal archive of the public libraries inVienna. I have also used the qualitative interview method in orderto examine the situation in the selected libraries Rabengasse,Erdbergstraße and Fasangasse.As there is no common library law, there are significantdifferences in the library structure in different parts of Austria andeach municipality decides how they want to prioritize the libraries.Since the public libraries of Vienna are well organized together inBüchereien Wien, the library structure in the separate librarybranches is coordinated.

Efficient energy use in restaurantsUmeå Municipality wishes to combine energy issues with food control, and thus help restaurants to become more energy efficient. During March and April 2010, I visited seven restaurants and interviewed restaurant personnel about current state and application of kitchen appliances, using a checklist to make sure that the same questions were asked at all restaurants. The restaurants were all different sizes and offered different kinds of food. The study mostly focuses on energy efficiency by behaviour and not on location or technology. Almost every restaurant that was visited had the potential to improve in one or more areas, such as kitchen appliances, lamps and lighting fixtures, heating, cooling and ventilation.