Sammanfattning Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva kommunala chefers uppfattningar om vilka faktorer som främjar systematiskt arbetsmiljöarbete (SAM). SAM är lagstadgat i Arbetsmiljölagen och är ett viktigt redskap för att skapa en god arbetsmiljö, ökad effektivitet och minskade kostnader. Stödet till chefer och organisationer i deras arbete med SAM är en viktig uppgift för företagssköterskor i företagshälsovården. Antonovskys (1987/1991) teori, känsla av sammanhang (KASAM) och i huvudsak det salutogena, hälsofrämjande synsättet ligger till grund för studien.Studien har en kvalitativt beskrivande design. Datainsamlingen har skett genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med sex enhetschefer från två svenska kommuner.

Bakgrund: Internprissättning är ett välkänt verktyg för att värdesätta transaktioner av varor och tjänster inom en organisation. Frekvent förekommande syften med internprissättning är att kunna möjliggöra rättvis resultatbedömning av enheter samt att bidra till kostnadsmedvetenhet hos personal. Många ekonomiska styrverktyg, däribland internprissättning, är från början framtagna för att passa privata organisationer men trots detta har offentlig sektor under de senaste decennierna i allt större utsträckning anammat styrverktygen i hopp om en effektivare verksamhet med högre kvalitet. Trots att internprissättningen är ett populärt styrmedel saknas det empiriska studier kring hur Sveriges kommuner använder och påverkas av den.Syfte: Att kartlägga och beskriva hur Sveriges kommuner utformar och använder internprissättning samt att utveckla en modell för framtagande av målkongruent internprissättning i kommunerna.Metod: Studien har huvudsakligen genomförts med en kvantitativ forskningsansats i form av en enkätstudie. Enkäten skickades ut till Sveriges samtliga 290 kommuner och en svarsfrekvens på 37 procent erhölls.

When single-family lots are valued for development of new residential areas,the valuation is influenced by several factors. The valuation is a matter ofdefinition that varies according to its interpreter. Previous research conductedin other countries, has identified a number of value-influencing factors. Thesefactors are the basis for this study.The study's purpose is to highlight the value-influencing factors thatcustomers value and are looking for in the choice of single-family lots. Thestudy also seeks to determine if there is an unknown difference between howprofessionals and clients value single-family lots.The study showed that the value factors considered important for customersand also professionals are consistent and applicable with the factors reportedfrom previous research.

Urban farming can be viewed in several contexts. The first part of this work brings up the beneficial effects of farming on our physical and mental health, knowledge as well as on social life in cities. The introduction of gardening in schools can contribute to an increased awareness on both agricultural practices and importance as well as ecological processes. It can also be used in teaching of other subjects. Farming can also contribute to improving the household economy, and the economy on a Municipal or national level.

We live in an exciting society, characterized by continuous changes and challenges. The effects of the globalization are widespread. The continuous flow of people, capital and goods follows in the wake of advances in communications, transport and information technology, resulting in a changed situation for different stakeholders in the society. This situation leads to increased cooperation and exchange, but also increased competition. The primary means of collecting empirical data for this study was interviews and a document study.

En utmaning för dagens organisationer är att flexibelt kunna ändra sina tjänster och produkter för att kunna möta kundernas ökade krav. Att använda IT som möjliggörare är ett sätt att utveckla verksamheter. Inom den offentliga sektorn har interkommunal samverkan tagits fram som ett nytt verktyg. Interkommunal samverkan betyder att två eller flera kommuner tillsammans arbetar med ett gemensamt syfte mot ett gemensamt mål. Interkommunalt samarbete främjas ekonomiskt av staten och EU.

When we, in the turn of the year 07/08 moved to Holma, Malmö,I and my cohabiter immediately joined the self-managementon our tenement yard, partly because we both missed havinga garden since we moved to an apartment, partly becauseof the rent reduction. The aim with this thesis is to examinehow the common outdoor environment in tenement yards isaffected when the tenets themselves are responsible for themaintenance. But also to see what social affects self-managementbrings. The purpose is to increase the understanding of howself-management works in practice and how we as landscapearchitects need to adjust ourselves and our design to create alasting design that works when the tenets are in charge of theirown outdoor environment.I have been studying a number of tenement yards with selfmanagement,both Municipal and private tenement houses. I havestudied both their design and their self-management, how it isworking and how it is organized partly trough deep interviewsand also by questionnaires to the tenets of the yards in question.I found three tenement yards with some differences.

Europe has, since the economic crisis of 2007, gained increasing social segregation. The gap between rich and poor has increased and the large number of hidden statistics regarding people excluded from the labor market is greater than in many years. Social exclusion has thus taken a toll on community groups that already before the crisis had a hard time getting included. Groups such as young, elderly, immigrants and people with mental of physical disabilities. To curb this development, the European Commission have, since the 2004 directives, enabled public sector clients to, through procurement of goods, services and contracts, include measures that promote social consideration.Social consideration is a term that have been a part of Swedish procurement legislation since 2007, and was updated in 2010.

Assisted living is a relatively new form of housing that received a government definition in 2007 in conjunction with a government appointed investigation of future alternative accommodation for senior citizens. The type of accommodation is intended for seniors who have the need for increased security, which may be a consequence of that they feel anxious or lonely. It concerns ordinary homes with qualities that suit needs of seniors. There is no allowance from the local Municipality required in order for seniors to apply for these homes and so assisted living should not be confused with nursing homes/ sheltered housing. The purpose of this study is to identify success factors for a winning concept for assisted living in the Gothenburg region, on behalf of Skanska Project development.

The purpose of this study was to analyze and develop a workflow for assessing and representing the value of ecosystems to professionals involved in Municipal planning. A thorough literature review was conducted and supplemented by interviews and observations. Frameworks for ecosystem service assessments were analyzed and combined with methods in urban planning in order to assess social and ecological conditions. A workflow was set up and methods were evaluated by applying them to a case study in the area Åstråket in Uppsala. Experience from the case study was compiled in order to improve the workflow.Complex assessments were identified and simplified for the method to be useful for practitioners.

We live in an exciting society, characterized by continuous changes and challenges. The effects of the globalization are widespread. The continuous flow of people, capital and goods follows in the wake of advances in communications, transport and information technology, resulting in a changed situation for different stakeholders in the society. This situation leads to increased cooperation and exchange, but also increased competition. The primary means of collecting empirical data for this study was interviews and a document study.

Bakgrund och problem:         Målstyrning, som utvecklades inom den privata sektorn, blev som en följd av New Public Management (NPM) ett vanligt styrsätt inom svenska kommunorganisationer redan i början av 1990-talet. Skillnader i förutsättningarna mellan privata och offentliga organisationer har sedan dess gjort att det funnits svårigheter att tillämpa styrsättet. Tidigare forskning har identifierat problem i form av målträngsel, målformulering, mätbarhet och uppföljning. Studier som fokuserat på beslut i kommunorganisationer har bland annat tittat på tjänstemanna- kontra politikerrollen och individernas egenskaper. I den här studien dockas de båda områdena samman då beslut under kommunala organisationers målprocesser studeras med särskilt fokus på individers påverkan på besluten.Forskningsfråga:                        Hur påverkar individer i en kommunorganisation, i praktiken, de beslut om mål och delmål som förekommer under målstyrda arbeten? Och varför ser påverkan ut som den gör?Syfte:                                              Syftet med studien är att förklara individers påverkan på beslut om mål och delmål under ett målstyrt arbete i en kommunorganisation, detta för att skapa en helhetsbild som ökar den totala förståelsen för målarbeten i dessa organisationer.Teoretisk referensram:           Studien koncentreras kring individers påverkan på beslut, genom att ta utgångspunkt i den vidareutvecklade Garbage-Can-teorins begrepp; problem, lösningar, tid, engagemang och möjligheternas fönster.

The purpose of this study is to create a method that can be used to produce decisionsupport data for the climate goals of a Municipality. The method should be able to demonstrate the potential for reducing energy use and greenhouse gas emissions for measures aimed at the stationary energy system in the Municipality. It will be used to make longterm projections of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions in order to be able to demonstrate the ability to reach climate goals. The aim was also to test the method's applicability by using the Municipality of Uppsala and the Uppsala climate protocol project in a case study. Uppsala climate protocol is a project consisting of participants from business, government and organizations that voluntarily want to commit to reducing their carbon footprint by reducing their energy use and thus work to achieve the Municipality's overall climate goal. Public reporting of energy use and climate impact has been studied in order to examine the nature of indicators and accounting figures that are commonly used in the field and how long-term forecasts are formulated. In connection to this, the type and sources for the kind of data needed was also examined.

The population growth and urbanisation in low-income countries bring issues of poor living standards and miserable sanitation conditions onto the agenda. If well-functioning waste management systems were developed, this could master some of the problems. The already existing local informal waste handling system that is common in many low-income countries, needs to be developed with proper sorting and composting solutions to decrease the environmental burden and improve the overall situation in the dense cities. This master?s thesis project is performed with the intention of developing functional decentralised waste management units in the city of Pune, India.

The purpose of this study is to create a method that can be used to produce decision supportdata for the climate goals of a Municipality. The method should be able to demonstrate the potential for reducing energy use and greenhouse gas emissions for measures aimed at the stationary energy system in the Municipality. It will be used to make long term projections of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions in order to be able to demonstrate the ability to reach climate goals. The aim was also to test the method's applicability by using the Municipality of Uppsala and the Uppsala climate protocol project in a case study. Uppsala climate protocol is a project consisting of participants from business, government and organizations that voluntarily want to commit to reducing their carbon footprint by reducing their energy use and thus work to achieve the Municipality's overall climate goal.