Gendered reading has a history of intense debate and negotiation. In this essay I will examine how feminine and masculine reading was construed in the early 19th century through three Swedish texts that all give a didactic, moral and instructive opinion about gendered reading. They consist of an advice manual, a collection of letters and a periodical featuring an assortment of suitable reading material, all published between the years of 1808-1815 and directed to a female audience. As the male sex was generally considered the invisible, desirable norm and the female sex tended to be viewed as deviant and problematic, gendered discussions are inclined to focus on the latter. I will argue that female reading is largely construed in relation to the bourgeois marriage while the male is construed in terms of citizenship.

The debate about affirmative action for ethnic minorities in countries with another majority culture is growing bigger in many parts of the world. However, it is often the debate misses the aborigines within the countries? borders. The aim of this paper is to investigate the possible conflict in opinions for xenophobic political parties when managing an aborigine population. I will use a qualitative method to study the ethnic minority Sámi in Sweden, Norway and Finland, and afterwards xenophobic parties view on them.To reach a result will I present a scale over Xenophobia ? Cosmopolitanism, which is described as a political cleavage.

AbstractKlimatpiloterna är ett projekt utformat av Kalmars kommun. Projektets mål är att skapa kunskap kring en klimatsmart livsstil. Studien syftar till att skapa en fördjupad förståelse för deltagarna i projektet klimatpiloterna. Förståelse för deltagarnas attityder och värderingar kring miljöfrågor utifrån moral, ansvar och livspolitik. Klimatpiloternas miljömedvetenhet undersöks genom kvalitativa intervjuer.

Då arbetsplatserna kan upplevas som allt tystare är det av vikt att det trots allt finns individer som larmar om oegentligheter inom de egna organisationerna. Individer som gör så kallas whistleblowers och denna studie syftar till att försöka förstå en del i de bakomliggande orsakerna till detta beteende. Vi har studerat vilken betydelse den rådande organisationsstrukturen samt individens inre principer har för whistleblowing. Studien är kvalitativ och består av fem intervjuer med såväl personer som agerat whistleblowers, samt personer som i sin yrkesroll fyller en funktion som whistleblowers. Alla våra intervjupersoner är kopplade till människovårdande organisationer.

This study, a narrative analysis of it, deals with the term, home, its importance and the use of it by Child welfare investigators in the city of Malmö between the years 1930-1936. Commonly used and acknowledged, home stood for security and order while the term, street, had just the opposite meaning. Living in the countryside symbolized health and sensibility, while city life was considered to be cramped, dirty and immoral. The responsibility of achieving the liberals and conservatives ideal of a sunny, clean and orderly home was given to the woman of the house, as was the task of keeping the home morally correct, and providing the necessary atmosphere for proper upbringing of the children. Consequently, the basis of theory, using Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in regards to the conflicts between the upper and lower classes, and even theories of Jane Lewis of woman´s connection to home and family, have been the grounds for the study.

This is a study of the trade union journal for female blue collar women in Sweden, Arbetets Kvinnor, between 1927 and 1931. The purpose is to examine how a female trade union activist's constructs collective identity by those notions of social class, sex, and moral values that are articulated in the journal. The main theoretical basis is Alberto Melucci's analysis where he argues that a collective identity in social movements is made in an interaction between individuals, where the action possibilities and limits are defined. Another purpose is how the female blue collar worker's resistance and/or adaption to the male hegemonic trade union and the bourgeoisie hegemonic society are presented. The essay shows how the collective identity is made of both historical and contemporary images of the working class women as workers and trade union activists.

With a shifting world market and periodically profitability issues, Swedish farmers seekalternative ways to enhance their profitability. One interesting alternative to get a highervalue and enhance products is biodiesel, a way to improve the profitability on a farmscale.The diesel that is produced and sold, already have a mixture of 5% biodiesel, andthere is a possibility to add more biodiesel to it. By developing new engines severalengine-manufacturers now allow a mixture up to 100% biodiesel in their engines. Hencethere is a market for an increased production of biodiesel. The aim of this study were toinvestigate the possibilities and the problems related to farm-scale production ofbiodiesel, and to study the profit margin in the production.

Studiens syfte var att undersöka och diskutera moral och etik i socialt arbete genom en litteratur-genomgång utgående från mötet mellan socialsekreterare och klient. Forskningsfrågorna var: ?Vilken är etikens roll i socialt arbete? Bidrar etik i socialt arbete till att skapa jämnare maktförhållanden i samhället? Och: Hur beskrivs och hanteras frågorna om etik i fyra rapporter om bemötande och etik i socialt arbete?I den kvalitativa litteraturgenomgången ingår moralfilosofiska texter från vår egen tid, monografier om allmän och tillämpad etik för socialt arbete, rapporter om etikens tillämpning och problematik och fyra rapporter om bemötande, från tiden mellan 1994 och 2003. Textmaterialet analyserades utifrån ett strukturellt perspektiv på socialt arbete och en kritisk-diskursanalytisk metod. Som resultat framkom att etik på grund av de stora skillnaderna mellan etiska målsättningar och vardagen inom socialt arbete bara kan betraktas som en faktor bland många andra i värdering av socialt arbete samt att etik kan användas både för att skapa medvetande och bättre psykosociala arbetsförhållanden men också för att kamouflera verkligheten och därmed bidra till förtryck..

The aim of this report is to analyse the logistics of a medium sized restaurant and give an overall solution for improvements on the restaurant's logistics. The restaurant of interest belongs to Laponia Hotel and is located in Arvidsjaur, Sweden. Investments for over 100.000 Euros are planned for the hotel, which includes a reconstruction of the restaurant. The details on how the restaurant will be reconstructed are not yet known. I therefore chose to analyse the problemin general terms and find a solution that is focused on the logistic system itself rather than its layout.

In January of 2014 a newly founded company held a press conference in central Stockholm. The purpose of the conference was to inform about Lexbase, the largest database on the Internet with legal information about the Swedish general public. The aim of this particular paper is to use news reports about Lexbase as material to identify the theses and their types presented in Swedish newspapers, and to examine the ideology constructed and presented by the theses in the said news reports. The questions asked in the paper are 1. What the distribution of different theses looks like and is there a type of thesis that more often invokes an implicit argumentation? 2.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka självförtroende och kroppsbild hos datorspelare, styrketränare och en kontrollgrupp. En webbenkät med manliga medlemmar på dator- och idrottsrelaterade internetforum genomfördes. Kontrollgruppen var medlemmar på dessa forum som varken styrketränade eller spelade datorspel. Skalorna Social physique anxiety scale, Rosenberg self-esteem scale och Drive for muscularity scale administrerades. Resultatet visar att grupperna inte var signifikant skilda åt gällande social fysisk ångest eller självförtroende.

The purpose of this essay is to discuss the base of sociology from an existentialistic perspective. The discussion takes it's position in the debate on the crisis of sociology, and aligns with Alvin Gouldner's understanding of the crisis. Gouldner believed that the crisis of sociology was mirrored in a sociological method that failed to describe the social reality that it meant to describe; a lack in self-criticism and self-reflexivity, a lack in self-containment in relation to state interests and a lack in moral engagement. This raises a number of questions, which I discuss in the essay. What is the role of sociology in our society? How shall we form a method that responds to the social reality that we sociologists aim to describe? How can we make sociology more moral?Existentialism offers a starting point to describe these questions.

Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att undersöka om utrikespolitiken som USA förde under George W. Bushs tid i Vita Huset har likheter med det realistiska eller liberala teoriperspektivet inom internationella relationer. Den samlade utrikespolitiken under en president sammanfattas ofta i en doktrin där de centrala frågorna som administrationen har ägnat sig åt sammanfattas och sätts i perspektiv mot andra doktriner. Två kända doktriner tidigare i USA:s historia är till exempel Monroe- och Trumandoktrinen. För att ta fram de centrala delarna i Bushdoktrinen och hitta den grund som doktrinen vilar på har tal och dokument som Vita Huset utfärdat använts som underlag.

Background: The abortion issue raises many ethical, moral and religious aspectsand is therefore well debated worldwide. In the care for an abortion seeking woman, it isimportant that the nurse find a balance between her and the woman's moral opinions aboutabortion in the quest to achieve good care.Aim: The aim of this study was to describe nurses? experiences of caring for womenundergoing abortion.Methods: Literature review based on ten original articles.Results: Literature review's results highlights two key themes: nurse?s experience of anemotional roller coaster as well as difficulties and challenging experiences at work inabortion care. These two themes consists of three subthemes: to get support in the workthrough to vent thoughts and feelings, how strain and stress affects the nurse's work and as anurse learn to accept the woman?s choice.Discussions: Within abortion care nurses find it difficult dealing with theemotional roller coaster that can occur while they strive to maintain an ethical andprofessional approach.

The main purpose of this study was to inquire into personality and the state anxiety in relation to career decidedness scale among students in upper secondary school. The participants were 124 students in three grades and respectively non vocationally oriented classes. The participants were asked to grade themselves on a scale in relation to the statements regarding, state of decidedness for career choice, personality (NEO FFI, Costa & McCrae, 1985. Sweden, Gerontologic Center) and anxiety (AnTI, Wells, 1994). The results showed no significant relationship between personality and state of anxiety that could be connected to the decidedness for career choice.