Mångfald och mångkulturella förhållanden nämns av Integrationsverket som viktiga inslag i det svenska samhället och man arbetar därför inom verket för att motverka etnisk diskriminering och rasism. Enligt Integrationsverket handlar frågan om etnisk mångfald ytterst om samhällets förmåga att leva upp till principen om allas lika värde oavsett etnisk, kulturell eller religiös bakgrund. Integrationsverket har en avgörande roll för integrationen i Sverige och centralt i verkets arbete är den etniska mångfalden och integrationen av utlandsfödda invånare. Nya invånare, som beviljats uppehållstillstånd, tilldelas av Integrationsverket en bok, ?Sverige ? en pocketguide?, med syfte att underlätta den första tiden i Sverige.

The aim of this review is to assess the ethical implications of aquaculture, regarding fish welfare and environmental aspects. The aquaculture industry has grown substantially the last decades, both as a result of the over-fishing of wild fish populations, and because of the increasing consumer demand for fish meat. As the industry is growing, a significant amount of research on the subject is being conducted, monitoring the effects of aquaculture on the environment and on animal welfare. The areas of concern when it comes to animal welfare have here been divided into four different stages: breeding period; growth period; capturing and handling; and slaughter. Besides these stages, this report includes a chapter on the current evidence of fish sentience, since this issue is still being debated among biologists.

Denna uppsats behandlar arbetarkonstens uppgifter och villkor under en period mellan sent 1800-tal till tidigt 2000-tal. Målet är att få reda på om villkoren har förändrats och i sådana fall varför och hur samt även få svar på frågan om arbetarkonsten har ett historiskt värde utöver det rent politiska..

Background: During the year 2002 approximately 27 000 people lost their jobs because of companies filing for bancruptcy. In 2002 the number of companies filing for bancruptcy in Sweden were 6740. This is approximately twice as many as in the year of 1974 when the first major study concerning bancruptcies in Sweden was carried out. The accumulated amount of unpaid bancruptcy claims for the period 1991 ? 1997 was 51 billion SEK.

The topic of this thesis is immigration policy in the European Union with focus on the Schengen cooperation and illegal immigration. Immigration policies and other policy areas such as asylum and refugee policies have become hot topics on the EU agenda in recent years. Partly because of cooperations like Schengen, but also because a need of a common immigration and asylum policy has emerged.The purpose of the thesis is to give a better understanding of the relations that might be found between illegal immigration to the EU and the Schengen cooperation. Schengen plays an important role in dealing with international migration in the EU and will probably continue to do so in the future.The thesis is a comparative case study with Spain and Germany as the two specific cases. Their national immigration policies are examined and put in relation to the Schengen cooperation.

With background in the acknowledgement of the current period of major change in the characteristics of traditional Swedish foreign policy, considering the membership in the European Union, as well as the new contextual scenarios that Sweden has been situated in after the end of the cold war, this thesis aims at scrutinizing the Swedish Foreign Policy from 1991 to 2010. The purpose of the thesis is further to localize continuity and change in the ideas which Sweden has explicitly stated in its foreign policy. Based on the theory of institutionalism, the thesis also aims to bring forward plausible explanations built on the main empirical findings. This has been done by identifying different types of goals and means within realism and liberalism as well as categorizing each theory within three ideal types.The chosen research method has been a qualitative text analysis with focus on an ideational analysis. The material on which the descriptive analysis is based upon is constituted by the annual statements of government policy in parliamentary debates on foreign affairs.The results of the thesis show that the ideas that are related to solidarity, consensus and active foreign policy are constant through the period of examination.

Background: Miscarriage is one of the most common complications connected to pregnancy, every fourth woman undergoes a miscarriage during her lifetime. There is often no medical explanation why miscarriage happens, although the risk may increase due to certain factors in lifestyle or diseases. During incomplete miscarriages medical or surgical treatment is needed.Women are treated at surgical or gynecological departments and the period of treatment is often very brief, on some occasions not even a day. Therefore, the nurse faces a great challenge in meeting the women?s needs during the period of treatment.Aim: The aim of the study is to illuminate womens experiences of miscarriage and the treatment they experienced.Methods: A systematic literary study containing 13 articles.Results: Miscarriage is an individual experience and many women are affected emotionally and have many strong feelings afterwards.

Over a long period of time, there has been a rich debate in the academic and financial world if active management can generate an excess return. Many experts say that the current active management strategies is nothing more than a money grab that produces large gains, for banks and investment firms, through high management fees while producing no excess value for the individuals buying their service. In short, an effective market makes it almost impossible for fund managers to produce value for their clients in the long run.No argument has only one side though, other experts say that active management has a role to play because not all investors are rational. This irrationality can lead to mispricing on financial assets in the marketplace and in turn lead to an ineffective market where active management can fill a much needed role. The purpose of this study is therefore to see if active management strategies can create a higher risk adjusted return, taking management fees into consideration, during times of high volatility when the uncertainty is at its peak.

Aim: The aim of this study was to describe how patients with acute illness experience their given care in the emergency department. Method: A literature review of ten studies where differences and similarities were analyzed. These studies had been published between the years of 2000 and 2011. Results: The analysis showed a lack of sufficient care concerning patients? subjective experiences.

This essay deals with the question of lines of development within the politics in the rural municipality of Nyed 1950-1962. The aim is to explore how local politics and policies were handled from two perspectives. Firstly the issue of conflict and consensus or majority rule and consensus. Here Arend Lijphard's theory of majority and consensus provides a theoretical base for the essay. Secondly the aim is to explore the actions of the local politicians with regards to leisure time policies to find out whether or not they ideologically belonged to the concept of ?folkhemmets kommun? by Ulla Ekström von Essen.The source material for this essay has been the minutes from the two major bodies of local politics in Nyed, kommunalfullmäktige and kommunalnämnden.

SAMMANFATTNING En betydande del av den svenska nötkreaturspopulationen finns i kustnära områden. Enligt gammal hävd och av praktiska skäl tillåts boskap på perifert belägna marker släcka törsten i de vattendrag som finns att tillgå på betet och längs Östersjökusten dricker djuren havsvatten då färskvatten ofta är en bristvara. Algblomningar med toxinbildande cyanobakterier uppträder varje sommar i Östersjön liksom i många åar och insjöar. Temperatur, solinstrålning och väderförhållanden styr omfattningen av blomningarna. Egentliga Östersjön, inräknat Finska viken, Ålands hav och Skärgårdshavet tillhör de mest utsatta områdena när det gäller massförekomst av cyanobakterier.

This essay focuses on how trafficking is defined and dealt with in recent European policies,and particularly how prostitution take part of these discursive developments. Treaties andagreements on trafficking in human beings and for sexual exploitation have been made bythe European Union and United Nations amongst others, which have been signed andratified by the EU countries in Action Plans. In this essay, five national Actions Plans, fromAustria, Great Britain, Poland, Spain and Sweden between 2007 and 2009, have beencompared in order to see similarities and differences in how the phenomenon of traffickingis done through language. Based on Discourse theory and focus on discursive struggles, theresult show a hegemony around trafficking as a social issue in the Action Plans studied,exploiting humans, mainly children and women, sexually, but also how trafficking is framedas a problem of the nation state and the domestic labour market. It is also illustrated howdifferent meanings of prostitution make the trafficking discourse antagonistic and contested.Finally, the essay discusses the trafficking discourse in relation to EU strivings towardsharmonisation and power imbalances of migration and economy in Europe..

Sinperioden är bra då den dels ökar mjölkavkastningen och dels är en period då infektioner kan läka ut. Det är dock en känslig period för kon då hon också är infektionskänslig och många nyinfektioner kan ske. Det är viktigt att ge kon en bra start på sinperioden genom att minska foder och mjölkning så att mjölkproduktionen avtar innan hon sinläggs helt, detta för att spenkanalen ska kunna sluta sig och juvret börja tillbakabildas. Kon ska under perioden hållas i en ren miljö, det är extra viktigt under de två första veckorna och i slutet när kalvning närmar sig då kon är mer infektionskänslig. Under sinperioden är det viktigt att ge en bra foderstat men man måste se upp så att kon inte blir fet då detta predisponerar för mastit. Sinperiodens längd verkar inte ha betydelse på juverhälsan.

Our goal with this paper is to see how male and female sport is described through a gender perspective in the newspapers O?rnsko?ldsviks Allehanda and Aftonbladet (Sportbladet).Is there any difference between male and female sport reporting? Are the different sexes described in a certain way? How are they described? Do men and women get as much space in the sport-pages of the newspapers? And are there any differences or similarities over a ten year period?To look on some of these factors we have been doing a quantitative- and qualitative analysis of data. The quantitative analysis to show patterns that could be easy to count. For example we looked if the article was about men our women, what sport, whom had written the article and how much space the article were given. This to easy estimate if there was any differences in the sports reporting.

Rapporten utformades med hjälp av intervjuer, undersökningar och ett experiment om morgonuppvärmning. Experimentet var en period med morgonuppvärmning för ett antal yrkesarbetare. Experimentet evaluerades, analyserades och de berörda fick även ge feedback. Detta tillsammans med intervjuer av särskilt utvalda personer och andra mindre undersökningar om effekterna av uppvärmning, utgjorde basen på de argument som tas upp. Både argument för och emot tas upp i en diskussion och analys för att konstatera slutresultatet av både experimentet och argumenten.De flesta yrkesarbetarna i experimentet tyckte om morgonuppvärmningen och tyckte att det var skönt för kroppen.