Forskning kring arbetslöshet har ofta fokuserat på bemästringsstrategier (eng. coping strategies), men flera studier har även pekat på betydelsen av tron på den egna förmågan (eng. self-efficacy) och den kognitiva tolkningen (eng. cognitive appraisal) för valet av bemästringsstrategi. Genom att mäta individens tro på den egna förmågan, den kognitiva tolkningen och bemästringsstrategier syftar denna undersökning till att identifiera de faktorer som sannolikt leder till försämrad generell mental hälsa och längre tids arbetslöshet.

Body esteem is the affective aspect of body image, which is shaped by social experience. Compared with men, women have a more negative body image, which is more frequently correlated with depression and dysfunctional thoughts, especially in the case of eating disorders. The purpose of the present study was to examine gender differences in body esteem and its subcategories, and to find out whether there exists a stronger link between negative body esteem and higher levels of dysfunctional thoughts in women. The relationship between body esteem, dysfunctional thoughts and mental illness was examined. Participants were 73 college students doing social sciences and sports training educations.

The main purpose of this study was to examine how people who have felt mentally bad, describe their subjective experience of what leads to a mental well-being. The overall research questions were; how does the individual define mental well-being, how does the individual describe the turning-point during her tough period, and in what way does the individual consider that her own effort has influenced her well-being? In order to answer these questions, qualitative research interviews were conducted with persons who?ve felt mentally bad and who?ve got some kind of professional help, and who think that they have a mental well-being today. The empirical material was analyzed from a theoretical resilience perspective. The study?s result showed first of all, that there are different ways to define well-being.

The aim of this undergraduate thesis was to study what the participation in the activities of the Fontain House in Stockholm means to its members. The research questions dealt with how the members describe their participation in the activities, whether they say that it has helped them, and, in that case, in which way. Furthermore, they dealt with how the members argue about their experiences of mental illness and of social help. The study was carried out within the framework of the narrative method. As tools for analyzing the narratives, parts of An-tonovsky?s theories as well as the theoretical concepts of inclusion and exclusion as described by Madsen, were used.

The aim of this descriptive review was to elucidate how the literature describes how children of parents with mental illness experience and have knowledge about their parent?s illness. The aim was furthermore to describe how the children?s existence is affected, can be improved and why the children so often are invisible. Search through Medline (through PubMed) database and additional manual search was conducted.

The number of students who finished special upper secondary school for pupils with intellectual disabilities without an employment has drastically decreased over the last decades. The purpose of this paper is to increase the knowledge of how career counselors at special upper secondary schools collaborate with the Employment Service, and how the special upper secondary school prepares their pupils for working life. The collection of data started with a national questionnaire survey which was directed to career counselors at schools.The result shows that the collaboration appears foremost in the pupils last year in special upper secondary school, and that the special upper secondary schools do not use the Employment Service's assistance to any great extent. In addition, the collaborative process consists of both inhibiting and promoting factors.The results also indicates that the collaboration between the special upper secondary schools and the local labor market can be developed more for the pupils to gain experience from working life..

Syftet med studien var att se om det är möjligt att påverka resultatet på en kognitiv uppgift beroende på hur uppgiften presenteras. Är det möjligt att före ett test som kräver mental ansträngning genomföra en kort mental träning/förändring av inställning och på så sätt få ett bättre resultat på testet? Påverkar positiva eller negativa tankar prestationsförmågan? Undersökningen utfördes i två delmoment. Första delen av undersökningen var en enkät som användes för att undersöka studenternas attributioner inför ett prov. Andra delen av undersökningen var ett kvasiexperiment i form av ett minnestest uppdelat på två grupper vars uppdelning skedde med hjälp av enkätsvaren.

SammanfattningInom den kommunala rehabiliteringen möter arbetsterapeuten personer med vitt skilda slag av sjukdomar och funktionsnedsättningar. En av de vanligare grupperna är personer, som av olika skäl drabbas av kognitiva nedsättningar. Arbetsterapeuten bedömer personer med kognitiva funktionsnedsättningar bl.a. med hjälp av olika bedömningsinstrument. Screening -instrumentet Mini Mental Test (MMT) är ett av de mest använda.

Today adult patients' relatives are seen as a resource in psychiatric care but few researchers have examined the lived experience of relatives' participation in psychiatric care. The aim of this study was to illuminate how mental health staff and relatives of adult patients experienced the relatives' participation in psychiatric care on hospital ward.The study was guided by a phenomenological approach and a lifeworld perspective. Data were collected through in-deep interviews with ten adult patients' relatives and three group-interviews with ten mental health carers from two hospitals in Sweden.The essence of the lived experience of relatives' participation in psychiatric care in hospital ward is described in the constituents: invitation to participate in psychiatric care; meet the staffs' care; to participate in own or others terms; bring the common everyday world with you; feel burden; participation a trip in time and space. The findings of the study show that the relation between the staff and the relatives are important for the relatives' participation in psychiatric care. The relatives' participation can alter from no participation to a meaningsful participation, from suffering to well-being.This study can help medical staff to understand relatives and their participation in a new way..

This phenomenological study explores the mental health problems of asylum- seeking children in Sweden and highlights possible ways of meeting their needs. Open interviews with 13 clinically experienced psychologists were conducted.The results of the analysis suggest that experiences of trauma and separation, the child's developmental level, parental functioning and family dynamics contribute to the mental health problems of asylum- seeking children. When meeting these children the psychologists continuously face ethical dilemmas since the asylum-seeking process seems to aggravate the problems as well as complicate the use of traditional interventions. Promoting structure and activity, normalizing symptoms, educating about trauma and crisis, sharing and accepting anxieties and sometimes thoroughly working through traumatic experiences are treatment strategies found clinically useful. Systematic follow-up studies are needed to decide the effects of these interventions..

According to several surveys, womens´ mental illness is increasing. Today the mental illness is the reason why a third of women are sick listed. Furthermore, these surveys also show an increase in the use of pharmaceuticals. For an example, has the use of antidepressant drugs multiplied by six times for the last 20 years.The aim of this paper is to examine experiences of womens´ mental illness and the use of pharmaceuticals. This is looked upon from two different perspectives: the treatment perspective as well as the perspective of female users.

Syftet med studien var att beskriva arbetsterapeuters erfarenhet av att använda instrumentet Mini Mental Test (MMT) vid utredning och interventioner för personer med demens. Inklusionskriterier för att delta i studien var att deltagarna ska vara legitimerade arbetsterapeuter verksamma inom landsting eller kommun i Kalmar-, Östergötlands- och Västernorrlands län, samt att deltagarna har erfarenhet av instrumentet Mini Mental Test vid utredning och interventioner för personer med demens. Totalt medverkade sju arbetsterapeuter i studien. Data samlades in genom semi-strukturerade intervjuer med stöd av en intervjuguide och insamlad data analyserades utifrån en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Analys av data resulterade i tre kategorier ?Logiskt men inte tillräckligt?, ?Användandet av resultatet för arbetsterapeuter och andra professioner? och ?Faktorer som påverkar och vikten av förberedelse?.

Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att utifrån vetenskaplig litteratur beskriva patienters upplevelser av livskvalitet i samband med genomförd bariatrisk kirurgi utifrån aspekterna mental och fysisk hälsa, samt att granska och redovisa valda vetenskapliga artiklar. Metod: Författarna utförde en beskrivande litteraturstudie vilken baserades på 12 vetenskapliga artiklar. Eftersökningar utfördes på databaserna Cinahl, PubMed via Medline och Mosby´s index. Huvudresultat: Flertalet studier påvisade att övervikt och fetma påverkade deltagarnas upplevelser av livskvalitet på ett negativt sätt. Livskvalitetssänkande faktorer utgjordes av bl.a.

The main purpose of this study is to investigate in what ways librarians and schoolteachers can co-operate and combine their professional skills in order to help and motivate children with reading and writing disabilities, and how audio books can be useful in this work. The main source of information is interviews with teachers from ten schools in the province of Scania, southern Sweden. Those teachers, their schools and their local libraries all took part in a project spanning from 1993 to 1996, aiming at increasing the use of audio books in combination with the corresponding printed versions in work regarding the here addressed problem. This study was made with a qualitative empirical method supported by a normative theory belonging to the new institutional theory school. There are no statistical conclusions in the report.

The purpose of this paper was to investigate how the Child mental Health Service, BUP Ektorp, textually constructs its demarcation, by studying case records from the first evaluations of the patients. The main questions were: In what way are the competitors and their problems represented in the texts, how is the solution justified and explained, and how do these factors relate to each other? The method being used is discourse analysis, influenced by Mörkenstam. The main conclusions are that the demarcation consists of a number of onceptions about the child, the parents, and the therapist. The conceptions, together with the way the problem is being described, justifies the proposed solution, proclaiming termination of the case..