SAMMANFATTNING Syftet med denna studie var att ta reda på vad sjuksköterskan upplever som sitt inre etiska ansvar samt lyfta fram och reflektera över den etiska dimensionen i omvårdnaden. Studien är empirisk och grundar sig på en kvalitativ metod med innehållsanalys. Data har samlats in från fyra intervjuade verksamma allmänsjuksköterskor. Forskningen anknyter till Katie Erikssons omvårdnadsteori samt till Iréne von Post. Etiken hos de intervjuade sjuksköterskorna förknippades till stor del utifrån ett medicinskt perspektiv.

Sahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgDepartment of Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionAbstractTitle: Does coffee consumption affect the risk of stroke?Author: Jenny KällSupervisor: Heléne Bertéus ForslundExaminer: Anna WinkvistProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: May 22, 2012___________________________________________________________________________Background: The widespread consumption of coffee worldwide makes this drink interesting to study from a public health perspective. Even minor health effects may be important for the whole population. Stroke patients require the largest number of days spent in hospitals and nursing homes than any other medical condition group. Risk factors for stroke include smoking, high alcohol intake, physical inactivity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, high waist-hip ratio and diabetes.

The Northern Raccoon (Procyon lotor) belongs to the Carnivore-family and is a species endemic to North America. Every year hundreds of orphaned raccoon cubs are admitted into the Wildlife Rehabilitation Center of Minnesota (WRCM), a non-profit organization where all injured or orphaned wild animals are admitted and receive quality health care with the goal of being released out into the wild. The WRCM routinely vaccinate all of the admitted raccoon cubs with a killed feline panleucopenia vaccine, but despite this there are outbreaks of parvovirus infection every year where up to 50% of the admitted cubs have been euthanized or died. The objective of this study was to determine whether vaccinating the admitted raccoon kits has any significant protective effect to developing clinical parvoviral disease. A single-blinded cohort study was designed with two parallel, independent groups. One group was given a dose of killed feline parvovirus vaccine at admission, and the other group was not given any vaccination at all. Assignment to the vaccinated or unvaccinated group was on a per-litter basis and done randomly by drawing lots out of a box.

The health care system in most western countries is undergoing rapid changes with an increasing amount of people living with chronic cancer. These people have to deal with their disease in every day life together with working and family life. The relationship between health services and every day life has changed and raises new requirements. Earlier research has shown that maintaining every day life is important for cancer patients and their families. This study comprised patients with lymphoma receiving their diagnosis during 2003 ? 2005.

A vulnerable group in society is people with ASD (autism spectrum disorders) or autism. This group seems to increase, mainly due to genetic factors but also environmental problems. Medical research has accelerated in the U.S. and Europe. The biggest problem for people with disabilities is the inability to communicate, both verbally and socially.

In many developing countries, among them Vietnam, contamination of agricultural land is a major issue that has public health implications. A fast growing population, rapid urbanization and industrialization have led to air and water emissions of potentially toxic elements (PTEs), such as cadmium (Cd). Earlier studies have shown that individuals with low iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) status absorb larger quantities of Cd than those of adequate nutritional status. The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the Fe and Zn intake from the foods consumed by women (15-45 years) in selected households in two agricultural villag-es in the Red River delta in Vietnam. In one of the villages the residents were involved in metal (mainly Fe) recycling activity, whereas in the other village the residents had agricul-tural production as main source of income. Interviews, followed by food intake calcula-tions, were performed.

?Mechanical debridment ? A studie in irrigation optimization? is a final thesis which was executed by Fredrick Ekman, in close collaboration with the other group member Mikael Johansson, during the spring 2012. The thesis was carried out through Karlstad University Faculty of Technology and Science in the study program of Innovation and Design Engineering (180 ECTS credits). The client of the project was Medilink AB located in Lindesberg, and the contact person was Nils-Erik Söderström, Chief Executive Officer. The project was supervised by lecturer, Lennart Wihk, and examined by lecturer and professor Fredrik Thuvander at Karlstad University.

The aim of the present thesis is to find deeper knowledge about women?s experiences of sexuality, desire and pleasure during childbirth. In this thesis there are statements of women?s different kinds of pleasurable and sexual feelings and experiences during birth. Furthermore, factors that may influence some women?s feelings and experiences of a sexual kind are discussed in relation to the common notion that women above all feel fear and pain when giving birth.

The main aim of this master thesis was to examine the visual ergonomics and the systematic work environment management concerning lighting issues for nurses within domiciliary care. Further aims were to examine a few existing lighting solutions, to come up with ideas for future possible lighting solutions, and to evaluate if the legal regulations for lighting is satisfying and if the regulations are obeyed in domiciliary nursing.The methods used were a questionnaire completed by 55 nurses, field studies of used lightings in cooperation with a student in industrial esign, test of ten existing lighting solutions in a laboratory environment, and a field test of five existing lighting solutions tested by nine nurses in the home of the patient.The result indicates that 40 % of the asked nurses were dissatisfied with the working light in the patient?s homes. All respondents reported poor working light close to the patient, 50 % reported that this problem occurred daily. One third reported that they had to work in uncomfortable working postures due to insufficient working light, and 15 % reported risk of making mistakes due to the same reason.

Tidigare studier visar att sjuksköterskor lägger allt mer tid på omvårdnadsdokumentation.Forskningen tyder på två rationella förklaringar till detta fenomen. Den ena förklaringenbehandlar den ökade dokumentationen som en effekt av sjuksköterskors professionalisering.Samtidigt som lagkravet på sjukvårdsdokumentation trädde i kraft startade enprofessionaliseringssträvan för sjuksköterskor. Vikten låg på att som sjuksköterska ständigtsöka större skicklighet inom sitt yrke för att kunna erbjuda patienter bästa möjliga vård. Dettagjorde dokumentationen till en del i ett kollegialt kommunikationsverktyg för att säkrapatientsäkerheten.Den andra förklaringen till ökad dokumentation kan se fenomenet som en effekt avgranskningssamhället. New Public Management och konkurrensbaserad sjukvård har drivitsjuksköterskor att dokumentera om patienters vård och omvårdnad för att kunna styrka att rätthandlingar ä gjorda och därmed klara en granskning.Tidigare studier visar att både professionalisering och granskningssamhället har uppvisateffekter som kan förklara den ökade dokumentationen i sjukvården.

Background: The number of older people is increasing in Sweden. The elderly patient often requires a more complex type of care, than younger patients. The concept of frailty is often used to describe individuals who have a high biological age and a decreased physiologic reserve which could be associated with acute illness and an increased vulnerability. Emergency medical care today is not suitable for elderly patients and adaptions for these elderly patients and the demands this places on the health care is necessary. Mölndal Hospital emergency department has around 42 000 visitors per year, many of the clients have a high age.

A vulnerable group in society is people with ASD (autism spectrum disorders) or autism. This group seems to increase, mainly due to genetic factors but also environmental problems. Medical research has accelerated in the U.S. and Europe. The biggest problem for people with disabilities is the inability to communicate, both verbally and socially.

Bakgrund: Hjärtinfarkt är den vanligaste dödsorsaken bland kvinnor i världen. Män och kvinnor har i regel inte sammasymtom, kvinnor får oftast ont i höger skuldra, känner illamående samt åtstramning vid käkarna. Eftersom hjärtat är starkt förknippat med livet upplever många kvinnor olika känslomässiga upplevelser. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva kvinnors upplevelser av vardagslivet efter hjärtinfarkt. Metod: En allmän litteraturstudie som grundades på kvalitativa vetenskapliga artiklar gjordes.

Pyometra är namnet på en av våra vanligaste och allvarligaste hundsjukdomar. Sjukdomen drabbar främst äldre tikar och innebär en varig och inflammerad livmoder. Den exakta patogenesen diskuteras fortfarande, men alla är överens om att sjukdomens utveckling beror på ett samspel mellan en hormonellt påverkad livmoder och opportunistiska bakterier. Tikar som drabbas blir ofta mycket snabbt nedsatta och tillståndet kräver akut behandling. Den vanligaste och säkraste metoden innefattar en operation där livmodern och äggstockarna opereras bort. De senaste 30 åren har emellertid en hel del studier gjorts av möjligheten att behandla pyometra medicinskt för att kunna bevara den reproduktiva förmågan hos tiken.

The RoHS Directive was introduced in order to restrict hazardous substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment, EEE. It currently restricts the use of six hazardous substances/compounds; cadmium, lead, mercury, hexavalent chromium, PBB, and PBDE. The RoHS Directive currently includes category 1-7 and 10 in the categories of EEE listed in Annex 1A to the WEEE-Directive (Waste of EEE). The aim with the report is to investigate and elucidate prospects and obstacles to increase the scope of RoHS. This report mainly considers the inclusion of product categories 8 (Medical Devices) and 9 (Monitoring and Control Instruments).