The purpose of this candidate thesis is to obtain an overall picture of how many prohibitions against owning or taking care of animals that were announced in Sweden in the years 2006-2008 and on what basis these judicial decisions were taken. What is the situation for the person behind the judicial decisions? Is there a so-called risk category where preventive actions to solve the problem can be taken at an earlier stage?The first Swedish animal welfare legislation came into force in 1944. Previously there was a law of 1857 that only prohibited the maltreatment of farm animals. In 1988 the existing animal welfare law was revised into an in principle new law (1988:534).As early as in the Royal Majesty?s government bill (1944:43) to the 1944 animal welfare legislation, there was a proposal that issued prohibition for those having been convicted of aggravated cruelty to animals.

SAMMANFATTNINGAmbulanssjuksköterskan har en komplex arbetssituation, hon ska självständigt bedöma och behandla akuta tillstånd hos patienten. Arbetet försvåras av flera faktorer, tiden med patienten är i regel kort, möjligheten till rådfrågning är liten, utrymmet och tillgången till hjälpmedel är begränsade. Trots det ställs höga krav på vården i ambulansen, många gånger samma krav som på vården på en akutmottagning. Ett av dessa krav är en god dokumentation, kraven på patientjournalen är desamma i ambulansen som i övriga vården. I journalen dokumenteras uppgifter om iakttagelser, omvårdnadsåtgärder, medicinska åtgärder och information rörande transporten.

Gastric and intestinal disorders are common and costly human health problems worldwide. Helicobacter pylori are a gram-negative, pathogen bacteria and the most common cause of duodenal and gastric ulcer in the stomach the intestinal mucosa. Prolonged infection and colonization can lead to chronic gastritis and stomach cancer. H. pylori are present in the gastric and intestinal mucosa of half of the world population and a relation between infection and low socioeconomic status has been shown.

Artificiell intelligens (AI) spelar en alltmer central roll inom v?rdsektorn och diskuteras flitigt f?r sin potential att utveckla v?rden genom f?rb?ttrad diagnostik och behandling. En ?kad anv?ndning av AI inom v?rden har potential att utveckla v?rdsektorn och vara svaret p? m?nga av de problem som h?lso- och sjukv?rden st?r inf?r. Med s?rskilt fokus p? Alzheimers sjukdom framtr?der AI som ett verktyg som kan m?jligg?ra tidigare och mer tillf?rlitliga diagnoser, vilket i f?rl?ngningen skulle kunna f?rb?ttra m?jligheterna till v?rd f?r drabbade och bidra till medicinska genombrott inom demenssjukdomar.

The study was conducted in Jönköping County Chamber of fibrillation and is about change and improvement of process modeling technology. The process for treating patients with fibrillation is in the need to evolve and improve. In order to develop the care they needed a current state description which usually is made with the traditional process modeling tool.Many scientists and health professionals is in the opinion that this technology gives a too rigid image to describe the care processes. It also does not sufficiently take into account the human aspects. This reasoning suggests that the process modeling technology in healthcare is in the need to develop multiple perspectives.

En ökad textilkonsumtion har lett fram till en problematik kring miljöpåverkan på grund av den ökade mängden använda textilier som ska hanteras efter produkternas död. För att ta till vara på de dyrbara resurser som har använts för att skapa textila produkter, har intresset för återvinning av textila fibrer ökat. Forskningen inom återvinning av bomullsfibrer har däremot inte kommit tillräckligt långt för att produktion av återvunna fibrer av hög kvalité ska kunna göras storskalig. Detta speciellt eftersom problem med exempelvis blandfibrer och separerbarhet försvårar arbetet. Det finns förändringar som kan göras av modeföretag i produktutvecklingsfasen redan idag, vilka kan underlätta återvinningsprocessen och syftar till att skapa ett slutet system i framtiden.

Feline asthma is a condition very similar to the respiratory disease affecting humans. It is causing, among other things, a constriction of the bronchial airways, an increase of mucus production and damage to, or erosion of, the epithelial membrane. The symptoms occur intermittently and do, in most cases, evolve during a long period of time. The aim of this essay was to investigate whether there are any nursing routines for feline patients with asthma in animal clinics and animal hospitals in Sweden, and if so, to compare similarities and differences. A literary study of research material also led to a suggestion of how to form a nursing routine for this type of patient.

1995 startade medlemmar ur Swedish Oral Medicine Society tillsammans med Institutionen förData och Informationsteknik på Chalmers tekniska högskola projektet MedView. Projektets syfte äratt utveckla modeller, metoder och datorbaserade verktyg för att stödja kliniker i deras dagligaarbete och forskning. 2005 lanserades webbcommunityn SOMWeb och projektet gick in i sin andrafas med fokus på nätbaserad kunskapshantering. Den virtuella mötesplatsen togs emot väl och detbeslutades att satsa vidare på ökad funktionalitet via Internet.Denna rapport beskriver utvecklingen av en webbapplikation som möjliggör åtkomst av denmedicinska bilddatabas som byggts upp under MedView-projektet. Som utgångspunkt förapplikationens funktionalitet och innehåll står skrivbordsapplikationen MedImager.

Whiplash is a bodily injury, where the person that is injured is subjected to force towards the neck, mainly in traffic accidents. Even low speed accidents can cause severe damage due to the complicated muscle and nerve structure of the neck. Symptoms range from neck aches and headaches to numb fingers and this makes the Whiplash injury difficult to diagnose. Whiplash is also a treacherous injury due to the fact that the symptoms can not be objectively verified. The principal symptom of the injury is pain, which is to its nature highly subjective.

The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the prescription of antibiotics to dogs at the small animal clinic at Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Nantes, France. The purpose was also to compare the possible prescription patterns in France with those seen in a similar study by Petersson (2003) at the small animal clinic at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala. Antibiotics are very important in veterinary medicine and are used both to treat infections and to prevent them. The use of antibiotics however is not without complications and the risk of developing antimicrobial resistance is of most concern. Resistance has been shown to exist against all currently known antibiotics and potentially all pathogenic bacteria could develop resistance to one or more antibiotics. This study analysed the case records for all dogs presented to the small animal clinic at Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Nantes, France during October 2001 and March 2002 to identify patients which were treated with systemic antibiotics. For these cases the antibiotic used, classified according to the ATCvet system, and the indication for use was noted. A total of 292 cases (146 per month) resulted in administration of systemic antibiotics.

GE Healthcare operates in Uppsala (Sweden) and develops systems, equipments and medium to purify medical substances. Discussions with the local authority concerning planed far-reaching changes and upgrades of the biological process techniques for sewage management, aroused the question about revising the terms of permit for the activity. Therefore it seemed necessary to evaluate a newly installed biological process technique, which is the background of this thesis. The evaluated biological treatment process was built in 2003 and consists of a biological reactor filled with moving bed carriers with a high surface area for biological growth. At the time of the project the biological wastewater treatment plant consisted of a flow equalization facility and two following parallel biological processes; a biological reactor with moving bed carriers and a tower trickling filter.The aim of this thesis was to survey the function of the biological reactor with respect to the reduction of organic matter.

Clearcutting systems have been the dominating silvicultural approach during the last decades in the Nordic countries. While economically rational, it is also leading to a trivialisation of the flora and fauna, and may result in negative reactions of people in urban settings. As a consequence of this, and a more diversified view on which goods and services forests should deliver, there is an increasing interest in broadening the range of silvicultural methods that are used. The term continuous cover forestry (CCF) represents a suite of methods that have gained increasing interest in the Nordic countries. In CCF a considerable amount of the trees are left after harvest to favour values that require a continuity of tree-covered areas. There are thus hopes that this method will meet the needs for maintaining biodiversity and satisfy social and cultural values.

SammanfattningIntroduktion: Patienter i sjukvården som inte behärskar svenska språket får hjälp av kontakttolkar i sin kontakt med vården. Det saknas idag vetenskaplig kunskap om hur den enskilda patienten upplever detta. Det behövs en ökad förståelse för dessa patienters uppfattningar av att samtala med sjuksköterska eller barnmorska via kontakttolk. Det vårdvetenskapliga perspektivet handlar om kommunikation, delaktighet och bemötande. En förbättrad kunskap, både teoretiskt och praktiskt, kan ge sjuksköterskor stöd i omvårdnadsarbetet med tolkmedierad kommunikation.Syfte: Syftet är att beskriva patienters uppfattningar av tolkmedierat samtal via telefontolk respektive via närvarande tolk.Metod: Fjorton kvinnor (21-50 år) med somaliskt ursprung, vilka var i behov av kontakttolk, tillfrågades om deltagande i studien.

This study aims to assess the normal inflow of extraterrestrial chromite to Earth. The results from the investigationare compared to earlier studies of middle Ordovician Orthoceratite Limestone in which 1 - 3 extraterrestrial chromitegrains ( >63 ?Êm ) per kilogram limestone were found. These values have been interpreted as evidence of a twoorders of magnitude increase in the flux of extraterrestrial matter to Earth during a part of middle Ordovician.From an early Paleocene marine sedimentary sequence with known sedimentation rate in Zumaia, northernSpain, 90,5 kilogram of condensed limestone, dated to about 63 Ma, was sampled. The limestone was dissolved inhydrochloric- and hydrofluoric acid and the residue was sieved and searched for opaque minerals under the binocularmicroscope.

BakgrundHumant immunbristvirus, HIV, är ett retrovirus, vilket innebär att viruset lagras i kroppens arvsmassa som leder till att personen med HIV aldrig blir av med viruset. HIV påverkar immunsystemet genom att förstöra eller skada celler nödvändiga för immunförsvaret. Då immunförsvaret har blivit så förstört att kroppen inte kan bekämpa andra sjukdomar eller tumörsjukdomar har HIV utvecklats till Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, AIDS. På grund av inträdandet av antiretrovirala läkemedel år 1996 har HIV gått från att vara en sjukdom som förkortade livet till en kronisk sjukdom. Detta har medfört nya utmaningar för personer med HIV.