I den svenska vården drabbas uppskattningsvis var tionde patient av en vårdskada, det vill säga en undvikbar skada direkt orsakad av vården (Socialstyrelsen, 2008; Ödegård, 2007). Vårdskador ska registreras som avvikelser som sedan ska analyseras för att finna orsak och ligga till grund för förbättringsarbete (Socialstyrelsen, 2008). Syftet med studien är att beskriva innehållet i de patientavvikelser som registrerats av personal på sjukhus. Innehållet beskrivs avseende vilka händelser som registrerats och vårdpersonalens beskrivningar av händelseförloppet. Studien innehåller både kvalitativa och kvantitativa delar.

BackgroundThe lifeworld describes the experience of being a humanbeing, how we experience life and how we live our lifes. When a disease, such as depression occurs, the whole lifeworld can be filled with suffering. Depression is an affective disease, which means it involves the emotions. The patient gets dejected and the emotional devotion abates. Broken sleep, anxiety, pain, concentrations difficulties, fatigue and reduced appetite is some of the symptoms.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur barns språk främjas och utvecklas hos förskolans yngsta barn och på vilket sätt detta genomförs i praktiken på förskolan. Studien genomförs med fokus på innehållet i samlingar. Samlingarnas innehåll analyseras med Vygotskijs teori i åtanke genom att intervjua förskollärare och observera samlingar med fokus på de tre teoretiska begreppen involvering, delaktighet och autonomi. Resultatet visar att förskollärarna använder sig av principerna involvering, delaktighet och autonomi genom samlingarnas olika återkommande aktiviteter såsom upprop, högläsning, ramsa, sånglek och avslutning. Studien visar även att förskollärarna följer två olika modeller som består av Bornholmsmodellen och förskollärarnas egen modell.

Bakgrund: Fasthållning av barn används vid ett flertal kliniska procedurer. Barns samt vårdnadshavares upplevelse av situationen är ofta negativ. Etiska principer samt lagar och riktlinjer utgör en teoretisk grund i en fasthållningssituation. Barnets autonomi samt sjuksköterskans omvårdnadsplikt är två utgångspunkter i fasthållning som fenomen. Syfte: Att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenhet av fasthållning av barn vid kliniska procedurer inom somatisk vård.

Personer med demens är en patientkategori som sjuksköterskor ofta kommer i kontakt med. Eftersom sjukdomen påverkar de kognitiva funktionerna, uppstår ofta etiska svårigheter inom omvårdnaden. Syftet med studien var därför att belysa orsaker till etiska svårigheter i den professionella omvårdnaden av patienter med demenssjukdom. Studien utfördes som en litteraturstudie och resultatet utgjordes av fem teman: brist på kunskap, brist på tid och resurser, begränsad fysisk vårdmiljö, hotad autonomi, värdighet och integritet samt bristande kommunikation. Hälso- och sjukvårdspersonalens brist på kunskap om demens medförde svårigheter att identifiera olika symtom samt utföra en professionell omvårdnad.

Freedom of religion or belief is indisputable in Human rights discourse, more discussed is exactly what it is that is included in the concept of freedom of religion or belief (in Swedish: religionsfrihet). This thesis focuses on the freedom of religion or belief in a European context, in particular on the European court of human rights and article 9 in the European convention for human rights. Some criticism has been directed against the Court to the effect that its practice and verdicts don't answer to the pronounced desire to develop a pluralistic and inclusive form of freedom of religion or belief.My aim is to examine, analyse and test three different theories, which all try to develop alternatives to the expression freedom of religion or belief, in relation to six verdicts from article 9 in Europe convention. My basic purpose is to try to find new ways of talking about freedom of religion or belief that might lead to a more inclusive, pluralistic and equal interpretation of that concept.The three theories wich I use are elaborated by Richard Amesbury (associate professor at Claremont school of Theology); Hugo Strandberg (TD at Åbo Akademi) and Eberhard Herrmann (professor in philosophy of religion at Uppsala University); and Martha Nussbaum (professor of law and ethics at the University of Chicago). The six cases from the European court are: X v.

This literature study describes the ways in which the spread of rabies can be prevented in India, what guidelines are set and also which methods have proved most effective. Every year rabies causes the death of around 20 000 people in India, which makes the prevalence in the country the highest in the world. The main source for human infection is bite wounds from infected dogs. People and animals can be vaccinated both prophylactic and post-exposure prophylactic (PEP), despite this the disease continues to claim high number of victims. The majority of those dying are young men and children from the poorer part of the population. Knowledge among the Indian population on rabies and its transmission routes, wound care and vaccinations is very limited.

A part of the midwife?s profession is to promote and support breastfeeding. The objective of this study was to describe the perception of the level of support and advice regarding breast-feeding given to women who have received postnatal care at maternity wards, and to present the opinions of the aforementioned women on how this support could be improved.Method: Women who have given birth at Uppsala University Hospital were routinely asked to fill in internet-based questionnaires regarding their views on the care that they have received. In this study, our data consists of the feedback from four questions in these questionnaires regarding breast-feeding. The answers to the closed questions were presented with descriptive statistics and the comments on two open questions have been analysed with content analysis.Results: Out of 622 women who were cared for at the hospital?s maternity ward after giving birth, 83% stated that they were very satisfied or satisfied with the information and support they received about breast-feeding, and 78% expressed the same views regarding the delivery ward.

This Master of Science Thesis was a complement project to the PIEp study MENTOL, carried out at a Swedish midsize medical device company.. PIEp nationally works for a long-term increase of the innovation capability of people and organizations. The purpose of this study was to find measuring parameters of innovation that fit medium-sized technological companies and organizations, Another purpose was to evaluate an innovation investment at the company, consisting of external consultant?s education of key personnel in innovation, and a two day innovation seminar with all personnel at the company participating. The methods used during this Master of Science Thesis were: feasibility and literature studies about innovation and innovation measurements, quantitative and qualitative interviews, surveys and workshops.For an accurate measure of innovation it is crucial to a have full understanding of what innovation is, and clarity of the purpose of the measurement itself.

Bakgrund: Bioteknikbranschen är en bransch som präglas av stor osäkerhet. Många företags fortsatta existens beror på om företagets projekt eller produkt får godkänt av läkemedelsverket, vilket gör en värdering av bolaget under utvecklingsperioden mycket svår. Den vanligaste metoden vid värdering av bioteknikföretag idag är kassaflödesmetoden. Denna metod anses dock av vissa aktörer på den finansiella marknaden vara otillräcklig. Istället förespråkas en metod med hjälp av reala optioner som de anser tar bättre hänsyn till den osäkerhet som omgärdar bioteknikföretag.Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att utveckla en real optionsmodell för värdering av Bioteknikföretag samt att pröva denna på ett fallföretag.Genomförande: För att uppfylla syftet utgicks från existerande företagsvärderingsmodeller och befintlig optionsteori.

ABSTRACTThis thesis contains a partial edition of a previously unpublished manuscript, De lapidibus et gemmis (MH 59, Lund University Library). The manuscript was probably written in the late XVth century and consists of five parts. Part 1 (ff 1r-1v) and 2 (ff 2r-14r) are written in Latin, part 3 (ff 14v), which is probably later than the rest of manuscript (XVI century?), in German, part 4 (ff 18r-33r) in Latin (some smaller passages in Swedish), part 5 (ff 34r-34v) in Latin and Swedish. The manuscript was written by at least two hands, probably more.I have chosen to examine and edit part 2, ff 2r-14r, which I have identified as a partial transcript of the franciscan Bartholomeus Anglicus encyclopedic work De proprietatibusrerum, probably written between 1230 and 1260.

Background Adolescents and adults suffering from needle phobia have an unreasonable fear of needles that leads to negative experiences if they do not get the support they need. Negative experiences lead to patients avoiding health care, or these experiences affect important aspects of life. The suffering that a patient experiences may be obvious to some, but others hide it, and then it will be more difficult to detect. The nurse's role is to recognize the suffering and its different reactions in order to alleviate and prevent unnecessary suffering of the patient. AimThe purpose of this study was to describe about young people's and adults' experiences of having needle phobias.

Freedom of religion or belief is indisputable in Human rights discourse, more discussed is exactly what it is that is included in the concept of freedom of religion or belief (in Swedish: religionsfrihet). This thesis focuses on the freedom of religion or belief in a European context, in particular on the European court of human rights and article 9 in the European convention for human rights. Some criticism has been directed against the Court to the effect that its practice and verdicts don't answer to the pronounced desire to develop a pluralistic and inclusive form of freedom of religion or belief.My aim is to examine, analyse and test three different theories, which all try to develop alternatives to the expression freedom of religion or belief, in relation to six verdicts from article 9 in Europe convention. My basic purpose is to try to find new ways of talking about freedom of religion or belief that might lead to a more inclusive, pluralistic and equal interpretation of that concept.The three theories wich I use are elaborated by Richard Amesbury (associate professor at Claremont school of Theology); Hugo Strandberg (TD at Åbo Akademi) and Eberhard Herrmann (professor in philosophy of religion at Uppsala University); and Martha Nussbaum (professor of law and ethics at the University of Chicago). The six cases from the European court are: X v.

Den här uppsatsen är baserad på en enkätundersökning samt intervjuer med gymnasielever angående deras tankar kring djurförsök. Jag har intervjuat studenter från två olika naturbruksgymnasier. Båda har inriktningen djurvård men det är endast en av dem som ger en specialiseringskurs inom forskningsdjur.Min frågeställning är att undersöka om elever som läser kursen i försöksdjurskunskap har en annan inställning än de elever som endast läser djursjukvård. Som resultaten visar så är de eleverna som läser specialiseringskursen mer positiva till både djurförsök och att jobba med försöksdjur. De har också en mer korrekt bild och större vetskap om hur verkligheten ser ut för försöksdjuren.

The term ?good marketing practice? in the 4 § 1 section Swedish marketing law (Marknadsföringslagen 1995:450) has a wide meaning. Besides 5-13 d §§ and 17 §, the term also covers other non legal rules. The essay intends to define the legal meaning of the term as well as examine how it is experienced of laymen in the area. According to 1 § Swedish Marketing law aims to protect business men and consumers from unjustified marketing.