During the past 30 years the fuels for energy production in heating and power plants have changed. Fossil fuels have decreased in usage whereas bio fuels in Sweden have increased with 60% since the 1970's. Different fuels affects combustion and the release of various substances and particles into the flue gas. This is caused by the diverse components and chemical structures of fossil fuels and bio fuels. When the flue gas leave the combustion chamber and enters the path to the chimney particles in the gas are being transported out of the combustion chamber.

Studier har visat att höga bullernivåer kan vara skadliga för såväl röst, hörsel och språkliginlärning som andra kognitiva förmågor. Höga ljudnivåer kan bidra till ett hyperfunktionelltröstbeteende som kan ge kroniska besvär. Barns röstorgan kan vara särskilt sårbara då de ännuinte är fullt utvecklade. På många förskolor är bullernivån hög och ogynnsam för både barn ochpersonal och därmed utgör de båda en riskgrupp för att utveckla röstbesvär och hörselskador.Föreliggande studie består av ljudnivåmätningar av två förskolors lokaler samtfokusgruppsintervjuer av 16 femåriga barn. Syftet var att kartlägga hur barnen upplever bulleroch kommunikation på förskola samt relatera det till uppmätta ljudnivåer.

Bakgrund. En gyllene standard för att bestämma noggrannheten för intraorala scannrar existerar inte. Intraorala scannrars prestanda som ges av olika leverantörer är inte fullt jämförbara. Det finns ett behov att standardisera och ta fram oberoende försöksupplägg för att kunna jämföra intraorala scannrar. Mål. Målet med studien var att beskriva och utvärdera en ny metod för att bestämma noggrannheten av intraorala scannrar genom ett standardiserat in vitro testförsök och att använda metoden för att beräkna noggrannheten på en kommersiell intraoral scanner. Material och metod.

A patient simulator for testing anaesthesia machines has been developed at Maquet Critical Care AB, to reduce costly and time-consuming experiments on animals. The device simulates human lungs regarding lung dynamics and volume, uptake of anaesthetic agents and the production of carbon dioxide, heat and moisture. Further demands on the simulator are durability and size; the device shall be compact enough to be moveable.The resulting simulator fulfils the requirements and enables better repeatability and ability to test extreme cases than experiments on animals do.Uptake of the anaesthetic agent is achieved in a active carbon filter and controlled by regulating the flow. The flow is created by a regenerative blower and controlled using a proportional valve. The uptake can be set by the user or by a simple uptake model modified to recursively handle changes in the concentration of anaesthetic agent.Carbon dioxide is fed into the system from a tank by a mass flow regulator.

Examensarbete, Civilekonomprogrammet, Ekonomihögskolan vid Linnéuniversitetet, Controller, 4FE12E, VT 2014Författare: Madeleine Olsson och Julia HenrikssonExaminator och Handledare: Fredrik Karlsson Titel: Prestationsmätningssystem: Planering, Styrning och Uppföljning i tjänsteföretag ? en utvärdering av IKEA Hemmas PMS Nyckelord: Prestationsmätningssystem, KPI, nyckeltal, utvärdering, utvärderingsstudie, tjänsteföretag, informationsflöde Bakgrund: Det är vitalt att organisationer löpande förvaltar sitt prestationsmätningssystem (PMS) i syfte att säkerställa att rätt saker mäts. Om inte måtten följs upp kontinuerligt och utvärderas, kan prestationsmätning bli en kostsam process som inte leder till några förbättringar för organisationen. Önskemål från IKEA Hemma var att utvärdera deras PMS. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att utvärdera funktionaliteten i IKEA Hemmas prestationsmätningssystem. Systemets uppbyggnad samt effekterna av PMS:et analyseras för att identifiera prestationsmätningssystemets utvecklingsområden.

Förmågan att hantera konflikter och kriser har blivit en huvuduppgift för många av Europasförsvarsmakter. Marinstridskrafternas förmåga att kunna operera med andra nationer ställer krav påinteroperabilitet. Att kunna kommunicera med varandra och kunna delge information i realtid är avyttersta vikt för att undvika vådabekämpning vid internationella insatser.Denna uppsats syftar till att ge en sammanställd beskrivning av tre taktiska datalänkar för marint bruk.Vidare skall uppsatsen kunna ligga till grund för ett framtida val av datalänk. Inledningsvis görs enredovisning av de interoperabilitetsmål som Sverige ingått med Nato samt erfarenheter fråninternationella övningar där svenska marina förband deltagit. De länkar som ligger till grund för dentekniska beskrivningen är: 8000-systemet, Link 11 samt Link 22.

The project ?Investment proposal for grinding station for service work of screw feeders? has been performed during the spring semester 2014 for the course Bachelor?s thesis for degree of  Bachelor of science in machine engineering at Karlstad?s University. The project has been performed in cooperation with Fiber Workshop which is a service department in the company Valmet AB. Valmet AB is a company that develops and manufacture soft paper tissue machines. The screw feeder is a part that is used to feed, and squeeze out the water out of woodchips.

Problem areaAlfa Laval is a world leading company in the heat transfers area and have the vision to continue to be that in the future as well. The company has a lot of press lines where the utilization is high and also has started to become old. Prognosis shows that there is an increased demand of heat exchanger in the future. This increased demand is not something that existing lines will manage. To build new lines cost a lot of money and take time so it is essential that new lines are correct from the start and not need to be rebuilt or a lot of time spent to trim it.GoalThe goal is to achieve 100% theoretical utilization of the press (the press shall press the amount of plates it is designed for).

In recent years, increasing emphasis has been placed on streamlining the supply chain. Keeping inventory and warehouses is considered to be a waste of resources. It is however difficult to completely eliminate the need for inventory and warehouses in a supply chain. The purpose of warehousing is to provide a service for the customer. By keeping what the customer demands in inventory it is possible to make a quick delivery when a need arises.

Use of computers and computer networks is nowadays a part of everyday life. You do not use them only at home when you sit at you computer, but you can use them all the time everywhere. This can involve everything from surf to any website when you are at home, to checking your email on your mobile when you are on your way to work. Most people do not think about how it really works when they try to access a web page by typing the address into their browser, but something that most people probably notice is how long it can sometimes take to access a web page.All items which are directly connected to the IP network have a unique IP address that is used to make it possible to communicate. The IP address is either a period separated sequence of digits representing 32 bits or a colon separated sequence of digits representing 128 bits, depending on whether the address is an IPv4 or IPv6 address.

Self-compacting concrete has soon been around for a decade. Recently the prefabrication industry has started to use this fairly new concrete type in larger scales, mainly because of its distinctive properties.  There are still certain areas that need to be thoroughly examined, such as bond capacity. There have been very few studies regarding shear capacity due to the fact that the procedure is complicated.This report will highlight a method to examine the shear capacity of different surfaces that have been prewetted as well as non-prewetted surfaces. The surface areas follow BBK 04?s and Eurocode 2?s demand for surface roughness.  A smooth surface will be completed in order to confirm if the different shapes influence the bond strength by shear stress or not.                       The purpose of this essay is to measure the bond strength within the shear capacity as well as examine the impact it has on surface roughness and treatment for shear bond.The method used to identify the shear capacity is called L-shaped Push-Off Test.

Continuously grazed grasslands have remarkably high plant species diversity. In Sweden this type of habitat has declined for the last two centuries. Changed land use has caused habitat fragmentation and loss of habitat quality. This has caused a great number of plant species to end up on the verge of extinction. To try to save this unique habitat and the species that are tied to it, lots of resources are laid on restoration of abandoned grasslands. In this study, plant species richness of continuously grazed, abandoned and restored grasslands were related to degree of overgrowth, time since overgrowth started and rate of overgrowth.

The purpose of this master´s thesis was to investigate the role and function of the annual reports of public libraries: for what purpose are they put together and how are they evaluated and utilised. The study presents different views on the structure and content of library annual reports. Focusing on a specific public library and its municipal administration, the authors identify and describe problems and possibilities regarding the library annual reports. The study also provides a general view of their occurrence, their addressees and the importance attached to them.In a review of current literature on accounting and activity reports the authors place the annual reports of public libraries in a wider context. The study also presents two current models of performance measurement - the Intangible Assets Monitor and the Balanced Scorecard - which were developed in the private sector, and the authors discuss their relevance when applied to public libraries.Data were collected both in interviews and by means of a questionnaire.

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine a way to measure students? knowledge development by using a self-made measure instrument based on William Doll?s postmodern curriculum.Question: Is it suitable to use an self-made measure instrument based on William Doll?s post-modern curriculum theory to measure development of knowledge?Methods: The study was based on process-hermeneutics and was focused on analysingcollege students? written and oral reflective thoughts. The data was collected over three lessons, where six students? written reflective thoughts were handed in. An observation was carried out each lesson for an extra control of validity.

Detaljerad information om vindförhållandena på en site är en nödvändighet för att göra beräkningar av lönsamhet i ett vindkraftsprojekt. Mätningarna behöver vara kontinuerliga och så korrekta som möjligt. Därtill bör de göras under minst ett års tid eftersom vindförhållandena på en plats är säsongsberoende. Under vintertid och framför allt på högre latituder eller altituder, kan mätutrustning påverkas av nedisning. En nedisad anemometer kan ge databortfall eller felaktiga mätningar.Identifiering av felaktiga data är en viktig del av analyseringsarbetet eftersom risken annars är att vindförhållandena på platsen underskattas.