Syftet var att studera matematikundervisningens utveckling genom att beskriva styrdokumentens, läroplanernas och kursplanernas påverkan på undervisningen. Bakgrunden till detta examensarbete är det faktum att många elever uppfattar skolmatematiken som komplicerad och ointressant och att de inte når de uppsatta målen. Metoden som användes var en litteraturgenomgång där matematikundervisningens utveckling studerades. Genom att även utföra en kvalitativ intervjuundersökning kunde fem yrkeserfarna pedagoger beskriva hur de uppfattar denna utveckling och hur det visar sig i deras matematikundervisning. Studien visar att i takt med att samhället utvecklas och förändras utvecklas också styrdokumenten.

In musikklasser (a special musical training which focus on choral singing is offered in the Swedish compulsory school from the age of ten until the age of sixteen) teachers are working in a tradition where conventions relating to singing with children have developed in accordance with the Swedish choral tradition. In these classes, students are trained in large groups, usually around 30 students in one class. Furthermore, one teacher and 60 students is also frequent in schools with two or more parallell grades. In a large choir group, students develop their skill in choral singing, which includes the development of general musical knowledge as well as the development of the individual singing voice of each student in order for the choir to be able to interpret and perform music with a communal musical expression. Thus, the complexity in this teaching and learning setting places high demands on the choir teachers? ability to use appropriate teaching and learning strategies in order to develop the specific musical skill required in a choir.In this study, two choral teachers´ interaction with their choir class were investigated.

The basic principle of the integrated school according to the Salamanca Declaration is that all children, whenever possible, should be taught together, regardless of any difficulties or diversity. It has been shown that students with neuropsychiatric disorders are having much more difficulties to achieve the targets than the average student. Pupils with neuropsychiatric syndrome will always be present in school and we who are working in the business must be better at learning to adapt to them so that they too can achieve proficiency in school.Mathematics is perhaps the topic that Swedish students generally have most problems with,and it will not obviously be easier if you have some form of neuropsychiatric disability.In our future role as special education teachers, we will mentor and support other teachers in the complex educational environment that exists today. The aim that has been built up is thus partly to explore how mathematics teachers work with included students with neuropsychiatric disorders, as well as how teachers wishing to become supervised by specialeducation teachers in mathematics. The study is conducted from a sociocultural perspective.A sociocultural perspective on learning means that all people are learning all the time in social settings.

The purpose with this study is to gain understanding about student´s view of mathematical education, in the later years of nine-year compulsory school, and the motivation factors that can be identified when student´s gives opportunity to express their own thoughts due to the mathematical education. From experiences we have gained during the practical part of our teachers education we got the impression that student´s think that the mathematical education is boring and uninteresting. Through qualitative methods such as survey and discussions in focus group we have analyzed student´s views of mathematical education and pointed out witch motivation factors that are expressed when student´s gives opportunity to influence over their own education. The results are shown from the answers and comments that student´s gave, during the survey and focus group, and is divided into two main parts, both with focus on motivation ?Mathematics and motivation? and ?Student´s influence and motivation? and also a summery part ?Motivated for mathematical education when the student is given influence over the education?. The study showed that student´s wants to have more difference in the work methods that are used in their mathematical education such as problem solving, games, more work in groups and pairs and more use of IT. In conclusion the study also gives suggestions to other studies that can be made in the same genre as this study in the way that IT can be used in mathematical education and how student´s interest can be used in the education to gain more motivated student´s..

This thesis examines some special education teachers with experiences of childrendiagnosed with dyscalculia. Problems with mathematics at school may occur to allchildren in all schools. It is therefore important that the teacher knows the variousdisabilities that teachers may encounter. The study is based on four randomlyselected special education teachers, all-working at schools that are related to amedium-sized Swedish town. This work will immerse in the knowledge ofdyscalculia among four special education teachers.The interviews revealed that all special education teachers felt that dyscalculiainvolves specific difficulties in mathematics, their views on dyscalculia is consistentwith current research.

Verifiering med hjälp av dator av två oberoende formler för beräkning av antalet lösningar för linjära kongruenssystem med två eller tre obekanta..

Syftet med examensarbetet var att undersöka hur den språkliga dräkten imatematiska textuppgifter inverkar på elevernas förmåga att lösa uppgiften.Fokus i undersökningen har lagts på elever i matematiksvårigheter. Utifrån teorier om olika svårigheter som språkets utformning kan ge inommatematik och svenska, fokuserades i den följande undersökningen påkategorierna signalord, kontextualisering och förstärkning av bild. Sex uppgiftervaldes ut från läromedel för att omformuleras i ytterligare två varianter vardera.Undersökningen inleddes som en kvantitativ undersökning i årskurs fyra däreleverna fick lösa sex uppgifter. Utifrån resultatet valdes elever ut förkvalitativa intervjuer om textformuleringar. De intervjuade eleverna ingick i dendefinierade målgruppen. Resultatet visar att eleverna har lättare att hitta svar när det finns ett signalord iuppgiften. De reagerar olika inför lösandet av en textuppgift, en del kännertilltro medan andra konstaterar att uppgiften inte går att lösa.

People live longer. There is a growing need to increase the knowledge of aging and of the need among the elderly for medical care in the near future. As a step towards meeting this need, a survey among the elderly in Skåne is made by the division of Geriatric Medicine in Malmö University Hospital. This survey is called Gott åldrande i Skåne, GÅS. A frequent decease among the elderly is Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).

Aim and question at issue: The aim of this study is to compare the motivation to participate in the course Idrott och hälsa A between students studying vocational and further education preparatory programs at upper secondary school.What level of motivation do the students of the two programs have towards participation in the course Idrott och hälsa A.What kind of motivational factors are important for students in the two programs concerning participation in the course Idrott och hälsa A According to the students of the two programs, what type of motivational factors would increase the motivation to participate in the course Idrott och hälsa A. Method: A quantitative study has been carried out using a questionnaire. Thirteen randomly chosen upper secondary school classes were included in the county of Stockholm, 7 of them in the vocational program and 6 of them in the further education preparatory program. The questionnaire was filled out by 278 students, 120 in the vocational program and 158 in the higher education preparatory program. The response frequency for the study was 92 %.Results: The results of this study show that the majority (77%) of all students in the population are highly motivated to participate in the course Idrott och hälsa A.

Research has shown positive correlations between global self-esteem and physical activity, as well as between global self-esteem and school performance. However, research is ambiguous and other variables have shown importance for global self-esteem. This study aims to investigate the correlations between global self-esteem and physical activities, school performance and social participations within high-school students in the northern part of Sweden. The study also investigates gender differences regarding correlations between the variables. The study was conducted using a questionnaire that included Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and self-rated physical activity, social participation and grades in Swedish, English and mathematics.

Domestic science is an interdisciplinary subject. Furthermore domestic science is a combination of theory and practice. The basic competence, a recommendation from ?The Swedish School Institution? (Skolverket), is to enter the secondary school with minimum grade G, (godkänd) in the basic themes: Swedish, English and Mathematic. Today there are many pupils finishing their secondary school without grade in one or more basic themes; Swedish, English and Mathematic.

The aim of this thesis is to ascertain how primary school teachers would like to improve their mathematics teaching. The central questions for this research are:In what ways do teachers want to improve their mathematics teaching?How do the teachers justify their statements?What main features can be distinguished out of the teachers answers?Three interviews and seven surveys have been used to collect information from a total of nine teachers, at one primary school. Teaching pupils from preschool to sixth grade. The results have been analysed, interpreted and discussed using a drama pedagogical perspective, inspired by a holistic approach to learning.

Denna studie inriktar sig på pedagoger som arbetar medvetet med sin matematikundervisning i förskolan och skolan. Vi använder begreppet matematikande som står för all den verksamhet som innehåller matematik i alla dess former. Frågeformuleringarna är fokuserade på hur pedagoger tänker om grundläggande matematikkunskaper, arbetssätt och arbetsformer samt dokumentation. Studien bygger på sex kvalitativa intervjuer. Urvalet av pedagogerna har gjorts utifrån vetskapen om att de har satsat aktivt på sin matematikundervisning.

The purpose of this essay is to examine when teachers choose to discuss mathematics withstudents rather then just talk about mathematics. A definition where used to distinguish betweenan interaction that is not a discussion and an interaction that is a discussion. This definition hasbeen created by drawing ideas from other works into making a quite simple definition whichtherefore is easy to observe. The discussions are also separated into two different kinds ofdiscussions. The first and most common category of discussion are one where only imitativereasoning is used.

The aim of this study is to investigate into the use of discussions in the classroom to help the pupils develop a deeper understanding of mathematical concepts and operations. The empirical data contain interviews with two teachers and observations from their lessons. The purpose of the interviews was to find out what importance the teachers ascribed to the ability of their pupils to talk about mathematics, and how they organised their classes to encourage mathematical discussions. With the observations, I was able to see the interaction in the classroom and hear discussions between the teacher and the pupils, as well as between the pupils themselves.The interviewed teachers proved to share my own belief in the results of researchers like Malmer (1999) and Löwing (2006) about the importance of verbal discussion, argumentation and reflection during mathematics classes. But convictions derived from the research of others are one thing, the practical application of the wisdom in the classroom another.