AbstraktStudien behandlar begreppskunskap inom området positionssystemet hos elever i matematiksvårigheter. Undersökningen har gjorts i årskurs 4 och omfattar naturliga tal avseende tiobassystemet.Studien består av en kvantitativ undersökning och en kvalitativ del med intervjuer.Resultatet av studien har organiserats i tre områden som har betydelse för individens utveckling av matematiska begrepp. Talområdet 1-10, talsystemets uppbyggnad samt förståelsen av stora tal.Av resultatet framgår att förståelse av ett begrepp kan vara mer ytlig än den ser ut att vara. Brister i grundläggande begreppsförståelse kan leda till att räknesvårigheter uppstår. Svårigheter är bland annat begreppen talsort och platsvärde, särskilt i stora tal.Sökord: begrepp, matematiksvårigheter, positionssystemet, schema, specialundervisning, tiobassystemet..

Skolan är en del av samhället och måste därför följa den utveckling som sker. För att lärarna skall kunna möta detta och erbjuda eleverna möjligheter till lärande är de i ständigt behov av pedagogisk utveckling. Det finns olika metoder och modeller för hur kompetensutveckling kan ske där valet av metod beror på verksamheten och den enskilda läraren. Denna studie syftar till att pröva och utvärdera om och på vilket sätt videodokumentation kan implementeras i en skolas verksamhet och bli ett användbart redskap för lärarnas pedagogiska utveckling. För att pedagogisk utveckling skall vara möjlig krävs det att läraren reflekterar över sitt görande.

I november 2002 började ICA introducera AOB-systemet i sina butikerför att automatisera lagerhållning och orderhantering. Med systemet skabutikerna kunna förutse framtida varubehov och kunna använda sig av?just in time? lagerhållning för att minimera lagerhållningskostnader.Systemen har introducerats i en liknande miljö med likartade resursermen ändå har det uppstått skillnader när det gäller acceptans hosanvändarna. Vi har utifrån existerande acceptansteorier och systemetskontextspecifika egenskaper utarbetat en undersökningsmodell där viavser att kartlägga vad som legat till grund för de olika beslutsfattarnasval av implementationsgrad. Vi har utifrån denna modell gjort enkvantitativ studie på 170 ICA butiker och erhöll en svarsfrekvens på ca50 %.

For today's young adults, the experience of being in the age period 18-30 years is, compared with previous generations, quite different. There is more room for exploring and experimenting when lifestyles and life-choices are no longer predetermined, and most things are possible for today's young people. The object of this thesis is to examine young people2019s experiences in the transition from youth to adulthood and to illuminate those experiences and difficulties that take place during this period. In the study, qualitative interviews were used in four focus groups, divided up in two age categories. The results reveal that the feeling of being an adult arises in the latter part of the period, and that variations between individuals are readily apparent.

This study is an attempt to examine a hospital library's difficulties in reaching customers with consumer health information. The method was a case study of the consumer health service in the hospital library in Västerås, a town in Sweden. Qualitative interviews, observations and written material were used. The approach was from the actor's point of view with the intention to look upon the problem with the eyes of those who work at the hospital with information to patients, that is librarians and medical staff. Theories about marketing in service organizations and how to develop new services were used in the study, as well as theories about communication and different cultures within organizations of different kinds like the library and the hospital.

This project had the aim to produce an exhibition catalogue for the ValandSchool of fine Arts (BA level). The purpose was to give the student a professionalfrontage and to visualize there exhibition concept through the catalogue.What elements, typography and shapes should be used for this purpose?How important is the physical format that the catalogue has?Through a massive sketch phase I came to see the difficulties in creating anexhibition catalogue. What type of images, shapes and expressions that couldrepresent the concept behind this specific art exhibition was hard to find.What shape should the catalogue have?The work became more than just making an exhibition catalogue, the cataloguehad to communicate the specific concept in a clear way.

Denna studie handlar om vilken sorts matematiska begrepp som barnen i förskolan möter i sångtexter. Den har även analyserat vilken kunskap förskollärarna säger att de tror sångtexterna förmedlar och hur mycket de använder sig av sången i den dagligaverksamheten. I studien har tre kvalitativa intervjuer med pedagoger genomförts på olika förskolor, och analyser av nio sångtexter har gjorts.Frågeställningarna var:Vilka matematiska begrepp finns i de sångtexter barnen möter på förskolan? Vilka kunskaper säger pedagogerna i förskolan sig tro att sångtexterna ger barnen? Hur mycket använder sig pedagogerna av musik och sång i verksamheten?För att få reda på vilken sorts matematik och vilka begrepp som fanns i sångerna så analyserades sångtexterna och olika ?kategorier? undersöktes. De som hittades var: rumsuppfattning, tid, vikt och längd, form och räkneord.

The purpose of this essay is to examine how some individual PE teachers view knowledge and what they think about the status of physical education whitin the school. The method used in this examination was both sudies of literature and a qualitative investigation. Six PE teachers, from three diffrent schools in Sweden, were interviwed from a phenomentographic research approach. I made the analysis from a sociocultural approach. The result indicates that th teachers had difficulties to describethe conception of knowledge, but that the pupils/students achieve knowledge in physical education.

This essay analyses how Swedish authorities implement the EU regulations on the application of social security schemes and, more specifically, when it comes to health care and sickness benefits. The research is based on a survey and several interviews and aims to answer how the lower echelons of the hierarchy work towards the implementation, what are their working conditions and how the authorities evaluate and optimize the implementation process.The general conclusion of the study is that there are several flaws in the implementation process. The results have shown that there is a lack of resources as well as of tutoring and education amongst the actors. The complexity of the regulations does also seem to have influenced the process. Finally the results have shown that the public instances do not proceed to a systematic evaluation of the implementation process which has led to a bad communication between the different actors as well as to difficulties in improving the flaws in the implementation process..

The aim of this paper is to clarify the importance of communication between parents and educators, as well as collaboration. The survey involves cooperation between parents and teachers in preschool and in the survey; it is the educators? role and approach that is made visible. The issues I answer with the help of the interviewed teachers in the paper are: In what ways considers the interviewed teachers that can create dialogues with parents about children's daily life and activities? How do you describe the interviewed teachers that they interact with parents in preschool and the various forms of collaboration describe the interviewed teachers that they use in preschool?What difficulties consider the interviewed teachers may apply when creating dialogues and cooperation with parents in preschool Using a qualitative research method, the questions have been answered in the paper..

This paper is a literature review that examines how good mental calculation skills benefit pupils, which could work as a valuable learning tool for future teachers. The study addresses four key questions: ?What are the advantages of proficient mental calculations??, ?What strategies exist for mental calculation skills??, ?How can teachers accommodate their teaching to develop pupils? mental calculation skills?? and ?What has arithmetic looked like in different eras and what algorithms have been used??. Through literature searches in search engines, scientific articles were found, which formed the basis for the result segment. This was divided into two parts: A historical and a didactic overview.

The purpose of this study is to investigate ethnic discrimination in the recruitment process. National and international law protect individuals from ethnic discrimination by potential employers during the recruitment process.Despite the laws in place to protect human rights, minorities in society do not have the same opportunities in the labor market as the rest of the population. Minorities continue to have difficulties compared to Swedish nationals in the recruiting process. Highly educated immigrants seeking employment in Sweden continue to report being treated unfairly based on their ethnic background.Ethnic discrimination in the recruiting process is based on prejudice and stereotypes that affect decisions whether it is visible or hidden, intentional or unintentional.Under the law, it is not legal to base a decision on prejudices or stereotypes. Therefore, it is important for the employer to highlight the job requirements to ensure the recruitment process is ethical.

Studien är gjord för att öppna upp för användarmedverkan i designprocessen inom spelutveckling i försök att minska det antal avbrutna projekt som föreligger idag. Spelutveckling involverar för närvarande användaren sparsamt i utvecklings- processen. För att öka graden av involvering valde vi att kombinera participativ design och personas till en processbaserad arbetsmodell att undersöka. Vi beslutade oss för användning av personas eftersom fysisk användarinvolvering ej var möjlig i de inledande faserna av utvecklingsprocessen. Grunden till arbetsmodellen lades genom en litteraturstudie som sedan diskuterades i ett antal expertintervjuer.

This research outlines studies about the relationship between social integration process of Japanese immigrants in Sweden and how social media assists in this process. The purpose of this research includes: To find out the reasons of migration to Sweden for six Japanese immigrants, any difficulties that they faced at the beginning of their immigration process and/or any positive qualities that they found in living in Sweden, whether they have accessed social media since they have moved in, if they do so, how the social media has been used and also, whether the social media has had a role to play in contributing to help their social integration process. In addition, it has been considered whether the participants have plans to return to Japan. In Sweden, there is relatively small Japanese migrant population. This social science research paper is the first in Sweden which explores the immigration process of Japanese migrants into Sweden.

Transcending sound design is possible. There are unseen possibilities and a great potential for improvement and development in sound and music design ? but there is a great difficulty penetrating the obstacles that lies in the way for such development to take place and to exist. The difficulties in being negotiable and productive lies more within the limits of the audience it has to gain, than in itself. It is as though music and sound design has to evolve very slowly, in an almost evolutionary style; one step at a time, to be accepted.