För att stävja spridningen av upphovsrättsskyddat materiel via internet har det i Sverige, med bakgrund i en mängd EU-direktiv, införts en rad olika sanktionsmöjligheter. En rättighetsinnehavare kan bl.a. vända sig till domstol och yrka på att en intrångsgörare ska beläggas med ett förbud vid vite mot att fortsätta med intrånget. Ett sådant föreläggande kan även meddelas en mellanhand, i form av exempelvis en internetleverantör, som i objektiv mening anses medverka till upphovsrättsintrång. I praxis har förbudet kommit att innebära att internetleverantörer ålagts att sluta tillhandahålla internetuppkoppling till internettjänster, vilka möjliggjort spridning av upphovsrättsskyddat material.

Competition is keen in the fashion industry of today. Homogenous products and prices aredriving competition and most firms are struggling hard to attract customers. Brands havebecome one of the most important assets for success and are often critical for the choices of theconsumers. A strong brand is often considered as a substantial value in the eyes of the consumerand gives the individual firm a competitive advantage in the marketplace. To build a strongbrand it takes that the brand identity not is in conflict with the brand image of a firm or a product.Sometimes one of these conflicts exit and sometimes the firms are not even aware of it.In this thesis we study how two firms, Lindex and Prada, perceive their own image and then wecompare how the images of the firms are perceived by the customers.

Institutional repositories are now being created to manage, preserve, and maintain the digital assets and intellectual output of a university. The incentives to change the process of scholarly communication have also begun serving as a strong motivator. There are problems to consider and questions to be solved when dealing with electronic publishing and the implementation of institutional repositories. At present time no summary exists regarding the activities of scholarly electronic publishing at Swedish universities and university colleges.This Master's thesis aims to describe the current situation regarding electronic publishing and the development of institutional repositories at Swedish universities and university colleges. To investigate the situation, a questionnaire was sent out to 38 academic libraries since they are normally responsible for the electronic publishing within institutions of higher education.

En nyproduktion av en bro eller ett brobyte medför inte sällan både direkta och indirekta störningar för de trafikanter som färdas i anslutning till brobygget. Störningarna kan vara förhindrad framkomlighet, köer och förseningar, förlängda körsträckor där en alternativ förbifartväg är nödvändig. Ökade emissioner och utsläpp etc. Indirekta störningar orsakas t ex av transporter av materiel till byggarbetsplatsen, en ökad trafikbelastning på närliggande vägar mm. Sammantaget medför dessa störningar merkostnader för trafikanterna.

AbstractAuthors:Stefan Harrå and Magnus BjörkAdvisor: Markku PenttinenTitle: Accounting Consequences of the change in pension accounting Background to problem: When the revised IAS 19 comes into force January 1, 2013, it means that two of the three accounting principles for defined benefit pension plans are disappearing, including the corridor method. The corridor method has made it possible for companies to defer its actuarial gains and losses. Now that the corridor approach abolished then the unrecognized actuarial gains and losses immediately be covered by equity, which involves very large amounts of some companies. Why the amounts have grown so big is much because of the discount rate. The discount rate is a controversial parameter, and there is disagreement on how it should be fixed.Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to examine the accounting implications this will have for the company applied the corridor method, and if there is some parameters in the actuarial assumption that is more important than others.Methodology: The thesis has mainly been based on a qualitative research through qualitative interviews with a small sample that is affected by this change.

Background: Enterprises often refer to their employees as ?Our most valuable assets? in annual reports and other written statements. In reality, employees are seen as an expense rather than an asset in annual reports and the voluntary disclosure is often insufficient. Human capital disclosure has been discussed through decades and the latest topic in voluntary disclosure is called integrated reporting. Knowledge firms should disclose more about their employees than industrial companies due to the fact that the employees are a considerably more important asset to these types of enterprises.Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to study the disclosure of human capital, compare the disclosures between knowledge firms and industrial companies, and study the development of the human capital disclosures between the years 2003-2013.

India is the country with the highest prevalence of rabies in the world, with about 20?000 human deaths occurring every year. The country also has a heavy burden of free roaming dogs, mainly because of the high amount of edible waste in the streets, which are the main hosts for the disease. Therefore to truly extinguish rabies, the main focus should be on the dogs, both stray dogs and owned. One method is to vaccinate all dogs against rabies.

Background: Investors have several options to choose from when the goal is to achieve the highest yield at the lowest cost and risk. Stocks are a common investment options, but is also associated with risks. Portfolios are usually constructed with several different assets to reduce the unsystematic risk of investment. Funds are similar to composite stock portfolios, the big difference is that they dealt with in their entirety and investors may not affect the fund's content. The problem remains that whether you choose stocks or mutual funds there is still uncertainty as to how the future will unfold.

AbstractAuthors:Stefan Harrå and Magnus BjörkAdvisor: Markku PenttinenTitle: Accounting Consequences of the change in pension accounting Background to problem: When the revised IAS 19 comes into force January 1, 2013, it means that two of the three accounting principles for defined benefit pension plans are disappearing, including the corridor method. The corridor method has made it possible for companies to defer its actuarial gains and losses. Now that the corridor approach abolished then the unrecognized actuarial gains and losses immediately be covered by equity, which involves very large amounts of some companies. Why the amounts have grown so big is much because of the discount rate. The discount rate is a controversial parameter, and there is disagreement on how it should be fixed.Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to examine the accounting implications this will have for the company applied the corridor method, and if there is some parameters in the actuarial assumption that is more important than others.Methodology: The thesis has mainly been based on a qualitative research through qualitative interviews with a small sample that is affected by this change.

Syfte: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) är idag ett  globalt allmänt känt begrepp och Svenska företag anses ligga i framkant med sitt ansvarastagande. Huvudsyftet med uppsatsen är att analysera huruvida ett stort engagemang inom CSR-frågor ger Svenska företag en förändring i företagsvärde och om det påverkar deras lönsamhet. Ett approximativt Tobins Q används som mått på företagsvärde och Return On Assets (ROA) används som mått på lönsamhet. Metod: En kvantitativ deduktiv metod där undersökning av sekundärdata ska mynna ut i en prövning om huruvida det går att påvisa ett samband mellan CSR och företagsvärde och/eller lönsamhet. Sekundärdata inhämtas ifrån Folksams Index för ansvarsfullt företagande 2009 samt företagens årsredovisningar från 2011. Historiska aktiepriser har hämtats ifrån Nasdaq OMX Nordics hemsida.

Bakgrund och problem: Det som i dagligt tal kallas finanskrisen runt om i världen startade redan år 2007 då bostadsmarknaden i USA kollapsade. Det var sedan under hösten 2008 då banken Lehman Brothers gick i konkurs, som finanskrisen fullt blommade ut. Bankbranschen blev en bransch som kom att påverkas hårt, då flera banker fick statligt stöd för att undvika en konkurs. För att ytterligare försöka underlätta för bankerna och andra finansiella institut, kom IASB i oktober år 2008 ut med en ny tillämpningsmöjlighet av IAS 39 och IFRS 7 som berör finansiella tillgångar. Den här studien ämnar undersöka vilka effekter på resultat- och balansräkningen som de nya tillämpningarna fick för de banker som valt att omklassificera sina finansiella tillgångar.

The visions of the United Nations concerning sustainable development and conservation of biodiversity can only be realized if the human population succeeds in creating coexistence between human and wildlife. Landscape architects are able to influence on how landscapes are to be maintained and developed. The negative impact of infrastructure on wildlife has become a critical problem in Sweden and other parts of Europe. Wildlife crossings has been developed as a solution for the problems of road barriers in the landscape. The crossings are made to give animals a better opportunity to cross roads.

Föreliggande uppsats är ett obligatoriskt moment i magisterkursen Ledarskap och organisation vid Malmö högskola. Syftet med uppsatsen är att studera rektorsrollen ur såväl ett rektorsperspektiv som ett lärarperspektiv med hjälp av mätinstrumentet FLIS (Feedback för ledare i samverkan) Ahltorp (2003). Den övergripande frågan hur rektors självbild stämmer överens med lärarnas bild av densamme, riktas mot de specifika skolkontexter i vilka studiens empiriska materiel samlats in. De särskilda frågeställningar som lyfts fram är: Hur bedömer lärare rektors ledarskap och hur bedömer rektor det själv? Finns det någon diskrepans mellan dessa olika bilder ? och vilket ledarskap kan rektor menas utöva? Vilka ledaregenskaper är enligt såväl rektor som lärare framgångsrika och viktiga i skolan? Resultaten av FLIS studeras även i ett vidare syfte med utgångspunkt i en skolpolitisk kontext.

We live in an exciting society, characterized by continuous changes and challenges. The effects of the globalization are widespread. The continuous flow of people, capital and goods follows in the wake of advances in communications, transport and information technology, resulting in a changed situation for different stakeholders in the society. This situation leads to increased cooperation and exchange, but also increased competition. The primary means of collecting empirical data for this study was interviews and a document study.

The purpose of this study is to investigate, and if possible explain, how background, childhood, and education in a municipal or regional context can affect young peoples? life trajectories.The living conditions for the population in the coastal region Roslagen with its geographical and historical specificities has during centuries largely been characterized by practical crafts-manship. With a growing share of non-permanent residents in the region with demand for help and services, this culture has during the later years been able to prosper. The social reproduc-tion in the municipality also seems to be extensive. In addition to original background, appar-ently the municipality?s service-dominated trade and industry culture has also affected the choice of education and profession of the youth in Norrtälje.