The filters used today to purify water are often expensive and the need to find new filter materials is substantial. Studies of pine bark have shown that this is a material that may be used as an alternative to conventional filter materials, such as activated carbon. However, the study of pine bark has shown that a leakage of phenolic compounds may occur when using the material for water purification. Therefore, the purpose of this report is to investigate the release of phenols from pine bark, in order to evaluate the use of pine bark as a filter material. Another assignment is to investigate the amount of metals adsorbed by the filter material.

The aim of this master thesis is to investigate changes within four discourses identified in the curriculum material of the Swedish library education in Borås Bibliotekarielinjen dating from 1977 and 1985 and its successor Library and Information Science Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap dating from 1995, 1999. My method used is a text analytic method primarily derived from the discourse theory of Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe, yet with addition of tools from the critical discourse analysis of Fairclough. By identifying three floating signifiers within the material, i.e information, library, and librarian, and thereafter identifying their fixation, a pattern of resemblance and diversity in the fixating signs appeared between different courses of the curriculum dating from 1999. Hence I could establish an order of discourse consisting of four library discourses, a knowledge organisation discourse, a user discourse, a society discourse and a management discourse. Using this discursive order as a pattern, I could trace these four discourses back in time within the material dating from 1995, 1985 and 1977.

Plant nutrients are important for all life on earth and are also important as fertiliser infood production all over the world. Because of this, plant nutrients are of great valuebut they also bring problems. As an example, the loss of nitrogen and phosphorusfrom agriculture and urban society's sewage systems contributes to some of today?smajor problems in water environment. Another problem associated with plantnutrients is that finite recourses are used in the production of mineral fertilizers.

Face-to-face communication is always complemented with non-verbal signals that give us clues as to how a message shall be interpreted, but as communication is moved online the possibilities to express oneself becomes more limited.This paper focuses on the instant messaging client Windows Live Messenger and three of the non-verbal functions that it provides (nudges, winks and emotes). The purpose of the paper and its underlying study is to compare the senders' intentions with the receivers' conceptions when it comes to these functions.The study was done as a questionnaire with two different versions of the questions, one looking at the senders' intentions and the other at the receivers' conceptions.The results were then compared in order to look for tendencies. The results showed that the most common intention among the senders was also the most common conception among the receivers, but that the rest of the attitudes didn't match at all. The functions that are supposed to help the conversation flow often create ambiguity instead and lead to vagueness, misconceptions and annoyance..

Syftet med studien är att belysa hur barn i förskolan använder sig utav sina redan vunna literacyfärdigheter. Studien har genomförts med kvalitativ metod där en etnografisk fältstudie legat till grund för de resultat som presenteras. Vi har använt en metodkombination av systematisk observation och dokumentation genom filminspelning.  Vi har följt tio stycken barn och underlaget har samlats in från två förskolor i Linköpings kommun. Resultatet har bearbetats utifrån Vygotskijs sociokulturella perspektiv. Resultatet visar att de unika literacypraktiker barnen är engagerade i är beroende av ett antal olika faktorer.

This paper reports from a study looking at teacher?s and student?s apprehensions regarding rubrics. The idea to research this specific subject stems from our interest in this phenomenon due to our education and curiosity about how rubrics are apprehended and not about how they are used or described. To explore this area we have used empirical material compiled through interviews. The analysis is done by creating categories containing various apprehensions expressed in the material through different characterizations of the phenomenon called rubrics.

Floor surface in pig facilities can have an impact on animal welfare and pig health, as it can cause the pig physical damage and thereby increased risk of infectious diseases and lameness. The development of pig housing systems has resulted in a decreased use of bedding. It seems hard to find the optimal floor in farrowing pens, as it must suit both the sow and piglets. The floor friction needs to be adequate to avoid slips and at the same time should the floor be non-abrasive. Abrasions and lesions caused by the floor are not only causing the animal suffering, but are also negative from an economical aspect.

Every year new premises are built in Sweden, and even if they are made as energy efficient as possible, this will not reduce the energy demands, but the rate of the increase of the energy use will be reduced. One type of facility in Sweden that is a major energy user is public baths, and this makes public baths an interesting facility to study more closely. There are around 500 public baths in Sweden and about 75 % of those can be seen as older baths with large need of renovation, and they all require a high level of energy efficiency measures. To show how the energy demand increase or decrease depending on the changes chosen to be made, the simulation application IDA Indoor Climate and Energy was used. Simulations were made and compared for several cases, with two extreme cases as starting points.

Föreliggande studie har syftat till att, genom semistrukturerade djupintervjuer med professionella retuschörer aktiva i branschen, undersöka om gemensamma steg kunde urskiljas genom respondenternas beskrivningar av arbetsprocessen.Genom studien framkom det att respondenterna beskrev likartade processer samt att samarbete med medarbetare var en viktig faktor för ett utvecklande arbete. Beskrivningarna av arbetsprocessen tydde på att samtliga respondenter hade ett personligt intresse för arbetet och branschen.Respondenterna ansåg även att retuschörens tidigare erfarenhet var betydande och till stor del påverkar tidsåtgången för arbeten. De menade också att tidsåtgången även påverkas av hur utförlig arbetsordern är vid uppstart av projektet. Det framkom även att respondenterna själva inte genomför någon utförlig uppföljning och granskning av hur det slutliga materialet används..

Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att beskriva och analysera lean som processtyrningsansats i de två olika kontexterna tillverkning och hälso- och sjukvård. | Metod: Vi har genomfört en jämförande undersökning av explorativ karaktär genom flerfallstudier. Vi använder oss av en metod där vi utifrån vår empiri drar slutsatser och skapar prövbara hypoteser. | Teoretiska perspektiv: Vi har använt oss av teorier utifrån Lean Thinking; Specify value, Identify the value stream, Flow, Pull och Perfection. Även Kaizen har varit betydande.

The standard model concerning the relationship between perception and motility is linear and one-way. It depicts the flow between the two as moving from sensation to perception to representation to computation, and finally, to motility and action. According to this model, animal being is basically a bundle of reflexes. But what can correctly be considered a bundle of reflexes from a natural science point of view, doesn't necessarily have to be true. This conception does not take into consideration the more complex interactions between motility and perception that constitutes, or generates, animal and human beings.

As long as envy and the will of harming others for what they possess have existed, the evileye has been a present belief system in many cultures around the world. This study, based onarchaeological evidence and texts by ancient writers that reflect this ancient superstition,explores how the evil eye was being averted and practiced by ancient cultures. What measureswere taken to ward off the evil eye? How have these measures been represented in thematerial culture? What can we learn from the context of the material culture involving the evileye? Discussions and theories of protective measures that have been depicted on the walls ofthe roman city of Pompeii will hopefully give a wider comprehension of the evil eye, and its influence on Roman society..

I undersökningen har en kvalitativ studie använts bestående av postenkäter. Syftet med studien är att undersöka tre förskolors utemiljöers fasta material. De valda förskolornas utemiljöer är byggda under tre olika årtionden. Förskolegårdarna har studerats av oss genom observationer, foto och postenkäter till pedagogerna. I postenkäten har pedagogerna fått besvara hur de upplever den egna förskolegårdens fasta material.

Syftet med utvecklingsarbetet var att skapa ett genusneutralt läromedeli ämnet kemi om atomen för årskurserna 4-6. Nuvarande läromedelupplevs som för svåra och irrelevanta för eleverna som i stor gradtappar intresset i elvaårsåldern. Framför allt flickor upplever att ämnetinte är riktat till dem. Därför skapade jag ett material utan traditionelltmanliga inslag, för att inkludera alla elever. Fakta förenklades ochkonkretiserades så att den blev relevant och begriplig för eleverna.Produkten syftade till att vara åldersanpassad och kreativtstimulerande, då barns kunskaper gynnas av lekfullt lärande.

In order to study how science and archeology was exploited for political means during the Third Reich this thesis investigates the scientific institute Ahnenerbe, founded in 1935. The thesis is built up as a literature study combining literature sources from the time of the eventas well as research done around Ahnenerbe after the war.The purpose of the thesis is to examine the official and unofficial purposes of the organisation. It investigates how scholars viewed Ahnenerbe at the time, and after the war. It further examines the scientific value of the material published by the organisation, where there is a specific focus on the material covering Germanic Männerbunds..